I-Debunking Ezinye zezinto ezingavisisaniyo eziqhelekileyo
Umntwana osengumntwana osengumntwana usanda kuba nguNyana oNcinci weNtsana epheleleyo
Ungavumeli ukuba igama "ngokukhawuleza" likukhohlise! Akukho nto iphela emva kwezi ntsana. Enyanisweni, umntwana osengumntwana ongasemva kokuzalwa usana ozalwa emva kweveki ezintathu ukuya ezintandathu, okanye phakathi kwama-34 no-36 iiveki ezigqityiweyo. Kwiiveki zokugqibela ezithandathu zokukhulelwa, umntwana usoloko ezuza malunga nesiqingatha sesiqingatha ngeveki, ngoko iintsana ezizalwe kwiiveki ezimbalwa zakuqala zincinci kuneziintsana ezizalwayo, kodwa azizona nje iintsana ezincinane.
Iintsana zangaphambi kwintsana zihlala zodwa, iinkalo zezempilo ezikhethekileyo ezinokuthi zinzulu kakhulu, zibandakanya iingxaki zokuphefumula, amanqanaba eshukela ephantsi aphantsi, ubunzima bokutya, kunye neengxaki zokugcina ukushisa komzimba. Iintsana ezizalwe kwimizuzu embalwa nje zingaphambi kwee-calcium kunye ne-phosphorous stores ngenxa yokuba zilahlekile kwiiveki ezidlulileyo zokukhulelwa xa i-third-thirds of bone mineralization yenzeka.
Iintsana zokuqala zentsana nazo zinomngcipheko okhuselekileyo wokusuleleka ngenxa yesistim somzimba omzimba. Ama-antibodies avela kumama adluliselwa kumntwana wakhe ongakazalwa ngokugqithiseleyo kwi-placenta ngexesha lokugqibela lokukhulelwa. Xa usana luzalwa ngokukhawuleza, luya kulahleka ekufumaneni la manqindi awenza ukuba banokutheleleka ngakumbi kwizifo.
Iintsana zokuqala zangaphambili zibuye zibe neenkqubo ezinengqondo ze-neurological system. Ingqondo yentsana ezalwe kwiiveki ezingama-35 inesisindo esisisigxina kuphela sesibini kwisithathu se-baby-full.
Inkqubo yesantwa yintsana isakhulayo ngexesha leenyanga zokugqibela kunye neveki kwisibeleko. Kulo thuba ixesha elibi libizwa ngokuba yi-myelin; oku kuqhuma ukuhanjiswa kweemvakalelo zeentlanzi kunye nokwenza umgudu ojikeleze iimbilini ze-nerve. Ngenxa yenkqubo yabo yokuguga kwegazi, iintsana ezisenakuqala zifumana kunzima ukuzola nokuzithuthuzela kwaye zifuna ixesha elide kunye nokunyamekela xa zikhula kwaye zifunda kwindawo yazo entsha ngaphandle kwesibeleko.
Xa umntwana Osemva Ngaphambi KwamaHiccups, Kusho Ukuthi Bakhula
"Umntwana wakho uhlasele; kufuneka ukhule!" Le ngcinga eqhelekileyo isekelwe kwinqanaba elidala labafazi, kodwa likude nenyaniso xa kufike kwiintsana ezingaphambi kwexesha.
Ngaphakathi kwesibeleko, usenokuba uqaphele ukuba umntwana wakho wayenomsebenzi omncinci, kodwa ngoku aqhelekanga ukuqala ukuya kwi-trimester yesithathu yokukhulelwa. Ukukhunjulwa kwisibeleko kusabela kumntwana ukugwinya i-amniotic fluid ngelixa "uqhuba ukuphefumla" ekulungiseleleni ubomi emva kokuzalwa. Ngethuba lekota yokugqibela yokukhulelwa, umntwana usulela i-750ml ye-amniotic fluid yonke imihla. I-Amniotic fluid inezinto ezahlukeneyo zokukhula, izixhobo ezichasayo nezikhuselayo ezikunceda ukukhula emanzini, ukukhusela umzimba nokuzilungiselela ukuqaliswa kobisi emva kokuzalwa.
Emva kokuzalwa, igama eliza kutshatyalaliswa liza kuqhubeka lihlala lixhomekeke rhoqo, kwaye linokuthi linamathele ekutyeni. Iimfucu zibangelwa ukuphazamiseka ngokukhawuleza kwesithintelo esabangela ukucaphukiswa kwesisu kunye nokuvuselela i-vagus nerve-imbilini edibanisa ingqondo yakho esiswini. Iimvumba ziqhelekileyo kwiintsana ezisandul 'ukuzalwa kunye nokuvela kwazo kufaka phakathi kweeveki zokuqala emva kokuzalwa.
Ngethuba lokubeleka umntwana , i-hiccup ininzi yempendulo ye-physiologic kunokuba yimbangela yenyama. Inkqubo yesantya yengane isandul 'isantya kwaye iya kuphendula ukuxinezeleka ngokwahlukileyo ngenxa yalo. Ingqondo ilawula imisebenzi yomzimba efana nentlawulo yenhliziyo, izinga lokuphefumla, uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nobushushu. Umntwana osengaphambi kwexesha unamalungu asesigxina esilawulwa yinkqubo yesifo esingaxhamliyo, enokubangela ukuba iimpendulo zengqondo zenzeke xa umntwana ehlaselwa okanye engalungelelaniswa nokuziphatha kwawo. Ezinye zezi zengcinezelo zokuziphatha zixuba, zichithe, zigubungele kwaye zenzeke.
Kubalulekile ukufunda ukukhathazeka kwengane yakho kunye neengcamango ezizinzileyo ukuze uphendule kwaye ukhuthuze umntwana wakho ngendlela engcono kakhulu kunokwenzeka njengoko zikhula kwaye ziphuhlise kwilizwe leNICU yangaphandle.
Eyona nto ayifuniyo Yiluphi uhlobo lweMi i-Preemie efumana okanye apho ivela khona; Yonke ukutya kunye neChalori yiKhalori
Ngophando, unyango, kunye nentuthuko yesayensi sifike indlela ende kwihlabathi lokunakekelwa kwangaphambili. Nangona kunjalo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba kufike phambili kangakanani, i-NICU inokuzama ukuphinda iphinde iphendule ukuba yintoni uhlobo olulona lungcono kakhulu kwisibeleko, ukukhula nokuphuhliswa kwengane. Oku kuyinyaniso xa kuziwa kwiimfuno zesondlo zentsana. Iinkampani ze-Formula ziye zakwazi ukudala ubisi olukhethekileyo kwiintsana zangaphambi kwexesha. Nangona kunjalo, abayi kuze bakwazi ukukwenza luni uhlobo olulona lufanelekileyo, ngakumbi xa kufikelele kwiimfuno ezikhethekileyo zentsana ezisanda kuzalwa iintsholongwane zomzimba zomzimba kunye nezisisu.
Ubisi lobuntu lunama-oligosaccharides engaphezulu kwama-130, i-prebiotics, kunye neerbiobiotics ezikhethekileyo zobisi lwabantu. Ezi bhaktiriya ezintle zikunceda ukulungelelanisa umthambo womntwana osengaphambi komntwana kunye nobunobungane, iisensi eziphilayo eziphilileyo kunye namagciwane. Ezi zinqanda zikunceda ukukhula kakuhle kwezilwanyana kunye nokukunceda ukukhusela ukukhulelwa kwamathumbu emathunjini kunye nesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) esinokuphazamisa kakhulu umntwana osanda kuzalwa.
I-Colostrum ineprofayile yezinto ezichasayo nezichasayo ezifana neyo-amniotic fluid. Ukondla ubisi lwabantu kunye nokuxhaswa ngokukhawuleza kwimibala kwiintsuku zokuqala kukhuthaza ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kwendlela yamathumbu emathunjini kunye nendawo yokugcina umncedal ekuncedeni ukukhulisana nokukhusela njengamanzi amanzi xa i-infant is in utero. Ubisi lwabantu luyakha ukhuseleko kwaye lukhusela umntwana osengaphambi kokusulelwa kwintsholongwane kunye nezifo.
Ubisi Bomntu lungaphezu kwesidlo! Iinzuzo ezinamandla ezininzi ezinceda umntwana oqala ukukhula kungekhona nje ukuba akhule aze aphile kodwa aphumelele kwi-NICU. Ubisi lwabantu luyanceda ukunciphisa ezinye iingxaki ezinzulu zokuqala kwaye kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo njengengxenye ebalulekileyo yokunakekelwa kwezingane. Ubisi lwabantu luyimiqathango yegolide kwiinkathalelo zonyango kwaye kufuneka ihlale ibonwa njengophilisi olusindisa ubomi lweintsana ezibuthakathaka.
Umntwana oPhambi koMntwana ulungele ukukhutshwa kwi-NICU Xa befikelela kumaPounds ama-5
Xa umntwana wakho oswelekile ehlawula iipounds ezingama-5, kuyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyibhiyozele, kodwa akuthethi ukuba umntwana wakho ngoku angasuswa kwi-NICU kwaye ulungele ukubuyela ekhaya.
Ukukhutshwa kwi-Career Intensive Care isekelwe kwiimpawu eziphambili, kwaye umntwana osanda kuzalwa kufuneka ahlangabezane nale ndlela elandelayo ngaphambi kokuba ahambe ekhaya:
- Ukwazi ukubamba ubushushu bawo (kwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo) bonke bebodwa kwisikhumba esivulekile ngaphandle kokuncibilika kwikhithi okanye ngeengubo ezingaphezulu.
- Ukwazi ukutya konke ukutya kwabo ngomlomo xa befumana inani elaneleyo leekhalori.
- Ukufumana ubunzima obaneleyo.
- Ukuphefumula ngokwabo. Uninzi lwabantwana lukhuphe i-oxygen xa lukhutshwa kwi-NICU, kodwa ezinye iintsana zingadinga i-oksijeni eyongezelelweyo ixesha elide kwaye iyakuthunyelwa ekhaya nale nyango.
- Awunayo "iziqephu" ze-apnea (ikhefu lokuphefumla) kunye ne-bradycardia (intliziyo yeqondo elincinci) okanye utshintshe umbala. Unokwazi ukuthatha umntwana wakho ekhaya kwisebe ukuba ngaba ziincwadana ezincinci zokuzixazulula izinto ezingafuneki nongenelelo.
Ngaphambi kokukhutshwa, umntwana wakho unokufuna isifundo sokuhlala kwisihlalo okanye ukuvavanya, iskrini sokuva, ukukhetha okhethekileyo ukuqeshwa, kwaye unokufuna kwakhona imfundo kwi-CPR, ubuthongo obukhuselekileyo kunye nokunyamekelwa kwabantwana. Qala ukucwangcisa kwangaphambili ukuze xa umntwana wakho ekulungele ukuya ekhaya, nawe unjalo!
Ekubeni zonke iintsana zihlukile, kwaye uhambo lwabo luyahlukahluka kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ukuya kwiinyanga ezininzi, kunzima ukusho xa umntwana wakho uya kubetha zonke ezi zinto zibalulekileyo kwaye ulungele ukukhutshwa. Ukugcina inkqubela yengane yakho ngokuqala iphepha okanye iphepha lokutshekisha, kwaye ubhiyozele ezi zinto zibalulekileyo njengoko kwenzeka.
I-Preemie iya kuthatha izinto ezibalulekileyo ngexesha elifanayo kunye neSigaba njengeNtsana epheleleyo
Musa ukuthelekisa umntwana wakho nomntwana womntwana ozalelwe ngeveki enye okanye umntakwabo wommelwane wakho owayehamba ngeenyanga ezilisithoba. Kulula ukubanjiswa kule mimandla kuba, makhe sijamelane nayo, abantu bathanda ukuthetha ... baziqhayise. Kodwa kubalulekile ukugcina engqondweni ukuba umntwana wakho usengumntwana "xa ekhulelwe esibhedlele kwaye ngenxa yokuba ushiye i-NICU ayithethi ukuba umntwana wakho ngoku uthathwa njengengane epheleleyo. Ingane yakho yintsana engaphambi kwexesha eliye lashaya ngokukhawuleza isigxina. Kukho umahluko omkhulu, ngakumbi ukuba umntwana wakho uye waqala ukulwa nokulwa. Umntwana wakho osengumntwana usuphilile kwaye uzinzile ngokwaneleyo ukuqhubeka ukhula ngaphandle kwesibhedlele. Oko kuyamangalisa kakhulu, kodwa nceda ukhumbule ukuba ubhekisele kumhla wakho ofanelekileyo, kunokuba usuku lokuzalwa komntwana xa ulandela isikhokelo esilandelayo sophuhliso.
Ngokomzekelo, umntwana ozelwe ngexesha elipheleleyo uya kuqala ukubonisa iimpawu zokunxibelelana kwasekuqaleni kwiinyanga ezimbini ubudala xa befumanisa ilizwi labo baze baqale ukwenza izandi zokukhupha. Oku kuyimpumelelo ephumelelayo! Nangona kunjalo, umntwana osanda kuzalwa ezalwa ezinyangeni ezimbini zakuqala, ezinyangeni ezimbini zeeminyaka unokufunda kakuhle ukunyamezela-ukuphefumula ibalulekileyo kwaye ngoku uyakwazi ukuthatha lonke ubisi ngomlomo. Oku kukuthabatha kakhulu, kodwa kuninzi kwindlela, ngokuphuhliswayo, kunye nexesha elizalwayo elizalisiweyo.
> Imithombo:
> Uphulo lokusebenza olusebenza ngokwenene> IiNkcazo ezinkulu zikaDkt Karl kwiSayensi (ABC Science). Abcnetau . http://www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2012/09/04/3582324.htm.
> I-American Academy yePediatrics. Ukuxhasa wena kunye neNkulumbuso yakho . 2008. http://www2.aap.org/sections/perinatal/PDF/preemie.pdf.
> Holmes G, i-Logan W, i-Kirkpatrick B, i-Meyer E. I-central central system ye-nervous system yokuvuthwa kwexesha kwimeko engapheliyo. Annals of Neurology . 1979; 6 (6): 518-522. i-doi: 10.1002 / ana.410060610. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ana.410060610/abstract.
> Loftin R, Mounira H, Snyder C, Cormier C, Lewis D, DeFranco, E. Ukuqala kwangaphambi kokuzalwa. Ukuphononongwa kwi-Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2010; 3 (1): 10-19. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2876317/.
> Mor G, Cardenas I. I-System Immun System in Ukukhulelwa: I-Complexity eyingqayizivele. Umbhalo waseMelika we-Immunology yokuzala . 2010; 63 (6): 425-433. i-doi: 10.1111 / j.1600-0897.2010.00836.x. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3025805/.
> Preemie Milestones. HealthyChildrenorg . 2017. https://www.healthychildren.org/English/ages-stages/baby/preemie/Pages/Preemie-Milestones.aspx.