Ngaphandle kobubele
Wonke umzali unelungelo lokufumana ikhredithi xa esebenza nzima kubantwana babo. Wonke umzali ufuna uncedo ngoku kwaye. Wonke umzali ufuna ixesha lakhe.
Ngoko yintoni eyenza abazali babe neemfuno ezizodwa zezingane kangaka ... ezizodwa? Yintoni abayidingayo ukuba abanye abazali abayithandi? Abantu banokubanceda njani abazali abanomdla okhethekileyo ukuba bafumane oko bafuna?
Iziganeko Ezi-11 Izidingo Ezizodwa Abazali Abazifuna
Nalu uluhlu oluthile oluthetha oluqhelekileyo kumama kunye noodade abajongene nokuhla kwezinto zokuphila kunye nomntwana, ngenxa yesiphi na isizathu, kuthathwa ngokuba "okhethekileyo." Nangona ezi ziphezulu 11, azikho myalelo othile.
1. Ixesha
Phakathi kweentlanganiso ze-PTO kunye nexesha lokusebenza, kunokuba nzima kunoma yimuphi umzali ukufumana "mna" ixesha. Qinisekisa ukuba amaxesha angama-10 kubazali babantwana abaneemfuno ezizodwa kufuneka badibanise iintlanganiso ze- IEP , ukuqeshwa kwabanyango, kunye noogqirha abaninzi abavakatye kwi-mix. Yongeza imingeni efana nokuhamba ngeekhilomitha ezingama-50 ukuya kwi-dentist kuphela oza kusebenza nomntwanakho, kuphela ukuba ufunde ukuba uza kubuyela emva kweveki ezayo ukuzalisa loo mzi ... uze uqhube ngeekhilomitha ezingama-60 ngenye indlela umntwana wakho ufuna ukuthatha i-ballet kwaye kukho iklasi ekhethekileyo yebhalts kwi-side ye-county. Kwaye masingaqalisi ngexesha lakho, iqabane lakho, abanye abantwana bakho, intsapho yakho eyongezelelweyo.
2. Amandla
Akukona kuphela ukuchitha ixesha ukuba ube ngumzali okhethekileyo umfuno, kuyanceda. Yongeza zonke iimfuno ezifunekayo zokukhulisa umntwana oqhelekileyo, kwaye wongeza iiyure ngosuku ukuqhuba ukuphuma kwidolophu yokuqeshwa, ukugcwalisa iphepha, ukwenza uphando oluthe xaxa, ukulawula ukutshatyalaliswa komntwana wakho, ukupheka ukutya okukhethekileyo kumntwana wakho ngenxa yokugula, ukunyamezela okanye imiba yokutya.
Konke kudibanisa ukuya kwiiyure ezimbalwa phakathi kwamaphepha.
3. Imali
Abazali ababini abasebenza ixesha elipheleleyo kufuneka, kwiimeko ezininzi, bakwazi ukufumana imali eyaneleyo yentsapho ukuze baphile ngokukhululekile. Kodwa xa ungumzali wengane eneemfuno ezizodwa ukongezwa kweendleko. Izixhobo ezikhethekileyo, iyeza, i-therapists, igesi eyongeziweyo-konke kuyongeza.
Kwaye uninzi unina lwabantwana abaneemfuno ezizodwa zomoya ziyanciphisa iiyure zomsebenzi wazo ukuba zifumaneke kumntwana wazo, ngoko ukunciphisa iholo zabo xa zifuna kakhulu.
4. Ubuhlobo obuqhelekileyo
Xa ungumzali weemfuno ezikhethekileyo zomntwana, kubonakala ukuba yonke intsebenziswano ngaphandle komsebenzi ibandakanya ezinye iinkalo zemfuno ezizodwa zabazali. Ngaphandle kwintlalo yokuhlangana kunye nentlalo kunye nabantwana abaninzi abaneemfuno zeemfuno ezizodwa, kunye neengxoxo zijoliswe "kwiphrogram engcono ye-x" okanye "indlela owonakele ngayo utitshala wecandelo lovimba." Kodwa nje ngomntu wonke, abazali bezingane ezineemfuno ezizodwa zifuna ukuzithobela, ukuqhagamshelana kwabantu ngokuqhelekileyo. Ubhiya kunye nabahlobo. Umdlalo webhola. Ixesha lokukhawuleza kunye nabahlobo kunye nosapho ngaphandle kokubhekisela kwigama elithi "okhethekileyo."
5. I-Sitter yoMhla woBusuku
Abazali bezingane eziqhelekileyo baqesha i-sitter baze baphume ngokuhlwa. Kubazali abaneemfuno ezizodwa abantwana, akusoloko kulula. Ezinye iimfuno ezizodwa zifuna i-sitters ezinezakhono ezizodwa ezingahlawulela uqeqesho lwezonyango ukuya kwi-autism ubuchwepheshe. Akunjalo nje kuphela abahlali abazinzima ukufumana, kodwa (ngokwemvelo) bahlawula kabini okanye kathathu izinga lokuya.
6. Uqinisekiso
Ukuba umntwana wakho unesidingo esikhethekileyo, ithuba lokuba uchithe ixesha elingenangqiqo lexesha elibuhlungu ngenxa yokuba mhlawumbi ubangele iingxaki zakhe, nokuba ukhethe ukhetho olufanelekileyo lwezonyango okanye unyango, nokuba wenza okwaneleyo (okanye kakhulu) ukuphucula amathuba akhe ebomini.
Ngoxa kungekho namnye onokukuxelela oko kuza kuzisa ixesha elizayo, abazali abaneemfuno ezizodwa badinga indlebe ekuphulaphule kunye nempendulo emihle xa bevekile malunga nokukhetha kwabo kunye nekamva elizayo.
7. Indawo yeVelo
Iqabane lakho livile onke amaxesha ama-50. Abazali bakho baye bakuva okanye abanandaba. Abahlobo bakho abanqwenela ukuva malunga nentlanganiso yakho yokugqibela ye-IEP ephazamisayo, kunye nabasebenzi osebenza nabo. Awukwazi ukufikelela kubantwana bakho. Ngoko ngubani oseleyo? Ngokuzibamba, abazali abaneemfuno ezizodwa abantwana bangenza izinto zibe zibi nakakhulu, kodwa ziziphi izinto abazikhethayo?
8. Ukuzivocavoca
Oku kungathi ngathi yinto encinci, kodwa kubazali abaninzi abaneemfuno ezizodwa zezingane, zikho nje iiyure ezaneleyo ngosuku lokuzivocavoca.
Ukuzivocavoca kukuba, kubantu abaninzi, uxinzelelo olukhulu loxinzelelo. Kwakhona kuba nethuba lokunxulumana nabahlobo. Kanye ngokubaluleka, ukungabikho kokuzivocavoca kungaholela kwimicimbi enzulu yempilo.
9. Usapho kunye nabahlobo abanomxholo
Kuyamangalisa ukuba kaninzi kangakanani intsapho kunye neentsapho ezinentsingiselo ezixhalabileyo kwaye zincinci xa zibonakaliswe kumntwana eneemfuno ezizodwa ezizodwa. Umntwana ogunyazisiweyo akafuni ukudlala ibhola yebhola, okanye umntwana onomngeni onzima ubeka izandla zakhe ezindlebeni zakhe, kwaye wonke umntu ekamelweni ubonakala ephendula ngokumangalisa. Nangona umntwana ngokwakhe engakwazi ukuwabona amaqabunga aphakanyisiwe kwaye atshintshana, abazali ngokuqinisekileyo ba. Kwaye nangona kunzima ukujamelana nezigwebo ezivela kubantu abangaziwayo, kunzima ukuvumela izigwebo zabahlobo abasondeleyo.
10. Ulwazi
Izikolo, oogqirha, oophrothera, kunye neearhente zihlelwe ukuza kunceda iintsapho zixhase abantwana babo ngeemfuno ezizodwa. Kutheni ke, kungenjalo, akukho nto yale mibutho ibonakala ilangazelela ukuxelela intsapho into ekhoyo, yintoni abanelungelo lokuyenza, nendlela yokufumana oko bayifunayo?
Uninzi lwabazali abaneemfuno ezikhethekileyo abantwana baya kukuxelela ukuba sele ufuna ukuqonda imithetho emfuno ezizodwa, ukuqonda ukuphuma kunye nokuphuma kweendlela zeenkampani kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo, kwaye uqonde ngokugcwele zonke iipilisi ezitholakalayo ngaphambi kokuhamba unyawo kwintlanganiso yokulungiselela umntwana. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abazali bayazi ngaphezu kwezinto ezibizwa ngokuba yiingcaphephe xa behamba emnyango, oko kuthetha ukuba uMama noTata banomlinganiselo ofanayo kwiminyaka emininzi yokuqeqeshwa kweyunivesithi ngenxa yokuhamba kwabo busuku phambi kwekhompyutha.
11. Umqeqeshi
Akukho namnye kuthi ohamba ebomini ngaphezu kweyodwa, ngoko sonke siyakwazi xa kuvela kubantwana. Kodwa kukho abantu abenza umsebenzi wokunceda abazali bezingane abaneemfuno ezizodwa ukuhamba ngeendlela zokukhetha kunye nemigodi. Uninzi lwabazali luya kuvuyisa ukuba luncedo lomqeqeshi onjalo onokubaxelela ukuba "bacele oku, kungekhona," okanye "gcwalisa eli fomu kwaye uya kufumana iinkonzo ezingcono kumntwana wakho."
Indlela yokunceda umzali womntwana eneemfuno ezizodwa
Ukuba ungumhlobo, umntakwabo, umama okanye ubaba womzali womntwana onemfuno ezizodwa unokuzibuza "Yintoni endiyenzayo ukunceda?" Iindaba ezilungileyo kukuba, zininzi iindlela ongenza ngayo uguquko ngaphandle kokutshintsha ubomi bakho okanye uzikhathaze wena kunye nosapho lwakho. Nazi ezinye iziphakamiso:
Ukunikela kubantwana. Ukuba kukho ngaphakathi kwintuthuzelo yakho kunye neendawo zokukwazi, zinika abahlobo bakho ikhefu ngokunyamekela abantwana abaneemfuno zabo ezikhethekileyo ngeyure, ngokuhlwa, okanye ngeveki. Oku kubizwa ngokunyamekela, kwaye kuyisipho esingavamile.
Thatha ithebhu. Imali mhlawumbi ingummo omubi ngezizathu ezininzi, kodwa xa unako ukuthabatha ithabhu kwidlo sasemini, ibhiya, okanye ukuhlwa.
Nika abantakwabo ukuphathwa okukhethekileyo. Abantu abaninzi abaneemfuno ezizodwa abantwana baye bahlakulela abantwana abafuna ukunakwa. Xa unako, khawucinge ukuthatha abantakwabo beemfuno ezizodwa zemfuno zonyango ukuze bafumane unyango, okanye bazifudumise kwimicimbi yabo yezemidlalo baze bajonge. Yindlela enhle yokwakha ubudlelwane ngelixa unika uMama noTata ixesha elincinane.
Fumana inkcazelo. Musa ukuba lo dade, umzala, okanye umzali ojonga ngokungenanto kwi-child eneemfuno ezizodwa aze azibuze indlela yokuzibandakanya nabo. Endaweni yoko, funda incwadi, jonga ividiyo, uye kwiklasi, okanye ubuze imibuzo ukuze ungene kwixesha leentsapho.
Mamela . Akuyi kukuhlawula i-nickel ukuba ibe yindlebe yokuphulaphula kunye negxala lokukhala.
Thatha uhambo . Nika umzali iimfuno ezikhethekileyo umntwana ithuba lokuphuma ngaphandle emoyeni omtsha kwaye ufunde umzimba kunye nomhlobo okanye othandekayo.
Nika inkxaso kwaye ulungile. Kulula kakhulu ukungena kwiintetho ezimbi xa uthetha ngomntwana onemfuno ezizodwa. Endaweni yokunyuka phantsi, kunjalo, yenza konke okusemandleni akho ukugxininisa okulungileyo. Tshela umhlobo wakho okanye othandekayo ukuba wenza umsebenzi omkhulu, kwaye ubhekisele kwezinye zeziphumo ezilungileyo ngokwenene abaza kuzibona ngokuqinisekileyo.
Gwema u bubele. Nangona ngamanye amaxesha kunzima ukucinga ngemingeni yezidingo ezizodwa zabazali, isihawu asincedi. Enyanisweni, inceba inokuqinisa ukukhungatheka kunye neemvakalelo zokuzihlukanisa. Kuphephe.
Misela umzekelo wokufakwa. Bonisa abanye indlela ukufakwa kufakwe ngayo ngokufumana iindlela zokubandakanya iimfuno zomntwana ozikhethekileyo kwimisebenzi eqhelekileyo. Ukuba ufuna ukuhlangabezana nemingeni. Umzekelo, ukuba umntwana onemfuno ezizodwa unzima ukunyuka waya phezulu kwislayidi, mnike isandla. Ukuba akakwazi ukupompa i-swing, mnike i-push. Ukuba akaqondi kakuhle imigaqo yomdlalo, yenza lula umdlalo. Akunzima njengoko ibukeka!
> Imithombo:
> Diament, Michelle. I-Autism moms ixinzelelo olufanayo nokulwa namajoni. DisabilityScoop, Novemba 10, 2009.
> Minnes, P., Perry, A., & Weiss, JA (2015). Abaqaphelisi bexinzelelo kunye nenhlalakahle kubazali babantwana abancinane kunye nokulibaziseka kokuphuhliswa nokukhubazeka: ukubaluleka kombono womzali. Umbhalo woPhando loKhubazeka koBuchule , 59 (6), 551-560.
> Oontanga, JW, & Hillman, SB (2014). Ukuxinezeleka kunye nokuzinzimela kubazali babantwana abanokukhubazeka kwengqondo kunye nophuhliso: Ukuhlaziywa kwezinto eziphambili kunye neengcebiso kubagqirha. Umbhalo woMgaqo-nkqubo kunye nokuSebenza kwiZakhono eziPhene , 11 (2), 92-98.