Ngaba ikhuselekile kubafazi abakhulelweyo ukuba bathathe imichiza yeentlungu?
Kungekudala, kukho intetho eninzi malunga nokungeniswa kwee-over-counter-the-counter (i-OTC) iintlungu zonyango ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ezi zinyango zentlungu ziquka iTylenol (iTylenol) kunye ne-NSAID njengeMotrin (ibuprofen) kunye ne-aspirin (i-acetylsalicylic acid). Ngokukodwa, xa kuthathwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa, imithi yeentlungu ze-OTC idibene nemiphumo eyahlukileyo eyahlukeneyo kunye neziphumo ezibangelwa yintsana, kuquka i-ADHD, ukukhubazeka kwentliziyo yesisu (ukuvalwa kwangaphambili kwe-patent ductus arteriosus), nokukhulelwa komzimba.
Enye ingxaki echaphazelayo yempembelelo ye-OTC ubuhlungu buyi-cryptorchidism, okanye ukungaphumeleli kwamathambo omntwana ukuba wehlele kwi-scrotum.
Nangona asiyiqondi kakuhle indlela i-aspirin kunye ne-NSAID ezinokubangela ukuba zibe neziphumo zokuhlola iimvavanyo ezingenasigxina, esekelwe kwizifundo ezenziwe kwizilwanyana, abaphandi bacinga ukuba kunento enokuyenza ukuphazanyiswa kwe-hormone ngexesha lexesha eliphambili lokuxhatshaza. Nceda ugcine ukhumbule ukuba izilwanyana zahluke kubantu, kwaye zonke iziphumo zonyango ezibonwayo kwizilwanyana ziguqulela kwiziphumo kubantu. Nangona kunjalo, izifundo zezilwanyana zingasinika iingcamango malunga neempembelelo kubantu kwaye zihlala ziqala isinyathelo sokufunda ngakumbi malunga nemiphumo yeziyobisi kumntu.
I-Tylenol kunye ne-NSAID zi-inhibitors ze-cyclooxygenase kwaye ngaloo ndlela ziphazamisa intambo ye-prostaglandin. Iprostaglandins idlalwa indima kwi-androgen kunye ne-testosterone synthesis. Ngethuba lokukhulelwa, ukuvuselelwa ngama-androgens anjalo kuyimfuneko ukuba ii-testes zihlawule ngokuthe ngqo kwi-scrotum.
Ngokuqhelekileyo ngeenyanga ezilisithoba, iincinci zenkwenkwe yenkwenkwe zihla kwi-scrotum. Amathambo angapheliyo angakhokelela ekubeni unomdla kunye nomhlaza wesifo somhlaza. Xa amathambo omntwana ahla, angaphathwa ngamahomoni okanye utyando.
Ngo-2010, abaphandi baseDanish bapapashile iziphumo ezivela kuhlolisiso oluhlolisisa ikhonkco phakathi kwe-aspirin, i-acetaminophen kunye ne-ibuprofen esebenzisa oomama abalindeleyo kunye ne-cryptorchidism kwiintsana zabo ezisetyhini.
Aba baphandi bathabatha iziphumo ezivela kwi-database yabantwana abangama-47,400 abazalwa phakathi ko-1996 kunye no-2002 ngokuchonga amatyala angama-980 e-cryptorchidism ebuntwaneni. Ukuvavanya ukungena kweentlungu zonyango ngexesha lokukhulelwa, abaphandi basebenzisa umxube weemibuzo kunye nabaphandabuli be-interviews ukuba babuze ulwazi kubamama abathatha inxaxheba.
Abaphandi bahlengahlengelelanise iindlela ezidibanisayo ezibandakanya ukuzalwa komama, ukusetyenziswa kwecuba, nokungabikho komntwana. Ngaphezu koko, abaphandi baphinde bavakalisa i-cryptorchidism eyenzeka kubantwana emva kokuba isifundo siphele. Ngenxa yokuba i-cryptorchidism ingabonakalisa kamva ebuntwaneni, abaphandi basebenzisa ukuhlalutya ukuhlaziywa ukuba baqikelele kamva ukuveliswa kwee-testes ezingafunekiyo.
Abaphandi bafumana ukwanda okwenyukayo kumngcipheko we cryptorchidism kunina othabatha iTylenol-kodwa engekho i-NSAID-ngexesha lekota yokuqala neyesibini. Lo mngcipheko wawuthe wachazwa ngakumbi kubasetyhini abawathatha i-acetaminophen ngeveki ezine.
Ngomhla kaJanuwari 2015, i-FDA ihlolisise izifundo ezikhoyo kwaye zilinganiswe ngengozi yentsholongwane yamayeza omama kunye nabantwana abangakazalwa. I-FDA ifumene ukuba ezi zifundo "zinokusilela kwimida yazo; ngamanye amaxesha izifundo eziqokelelwe kwisihloko esineziphumo eziphikisanayo ezisithintele ekuboneni izigqibo ezithembekileyo." Ngamanye amagama, i-FDA inqume ukuba akukho nje ubungqina obaneleyo ngaphandle koko-kubandakanywa isifundo saseDanish malunga ne-cryptorchidism-ukuchaza ngokucacileyo ukuba i-OTC kunye neyeza zonyango zonyango ziyingozi kubomama nasezinsaneni.
Ukuba wena okanye othandekayo unentlungu kwaye kufuneka uthabathe i-OTC okanye unyango lwezonyango ngexesha lokukhulelwa, nceda uqhagamshelane nodokotela wakho kuqala-ngokukodwa ukuba uthatha la mayeza rhoqo. Intlungu eqhubekayo ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunokukhokelela ekukhathazeni, ukuxinezeleka, kunye nokunyuswa kwengcinezelo yegazi kwaye kufuna unyango. Nangona kunjalo, iipropati ze-analgesic zemithi yeentlungu kufuneka zicingwe ngenyameko nantoni na ingozi.
Kwinqaku yokugqibela, nceda ukhumbule ukuba ukuthatha imithi yeentlungu ze-OTC imihla ngemihla kuyisalathisi esichengeni sengxaki enkulu. Ubuhlungu buba ngumqondiso wento ebaluleke ngakumbi-into efuna unyango.
Ingaba ukhulelwe okanye awukho, ukuba uhlala uthabatha amayeza enhlungu, nceda uxelele ugqirha wakho. Unogqirha wakho oyintloko uyakukwazi ukunquma ukuba ngaba ufuna unyango oluthile kwaye uyakuthumela kwingcali njengoko kuyimfuneko. Nangona ezininzi iziyobisi zithengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi, oku akuthethi ukuba bakhuselekile. Zonke iziyobisi zinemiphumo emibi.
Imithombo:
Jensen MS, et al. Ukusetyenziswa koMama kwe-Acetaminophen, Ibuprofen, kunye ne-Acetylsalicylic Acid ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunye neengozi ye-Cryptorchidism. Epidemiology. 2010; 21: 779-85.
Risser A, et al. I-NSAID Idlulisa imiqathango yokuqapha. WaseMerika ugqirha. Disemba 15, 2009.