Kwabaninzi abafazi abakhulelweyo, ukufumana isondo lomntwana wabo kwi-ultrasound kunomdla omkhulu kunokuba kuyimfuneko. Kodwa kubafazi abathile abakhulelweyo bafunda isondo lomntwana wabo kubaluleke kakhulu, ngakumbi ukuba baqwalasela ukuvavanya okungahambiyo kwindoda yesondo exhatshazwa ngesondo njengesiDuchenne muscular dystrophy okanye i-hemophilia.
Ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwakho, mhlawumbi unokuba neyodwa okanye ezimbini eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo. Unokuba nobuninzi xa ugqirha wakho ecinga ukuba ubonisiwe. Ngaphandle kweemeko ezithile ezibuhlungu, i-ultrasound zangaphambi kokubeletha ayenziwanga ngokuthe ngqo ukujonga isondo lesisu .
Khumbula, umntwana ophilileyo uyinjongo yakho yokugqibela kwaye isizathu esiyinyaniso sokutshatyalaliswa kwe-ultrasound kukuncedisa ukuqinisekisa ukuba ufezekisa loo njongo. Nantsi yinto leyo i-ultrasound ibonakala ngathi kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo xa uthwele inkwenkwe.
I-Ultrasound yasekuqaleni: Yinto Yonke Nge-Angle
Ukuba ne-ultrasound phakathi kweiveki ezi-11 ukuya kwe-14 ziqhelekile. I-ultrasound kule minyaka yobudala iya kunceda ukuqinisekisa umhla ofunekayo, kwaye inxalenye yolu vavanyo lwangaphambili lokuhlola ingozi (i-ERA) ngokungaqhelekanga kwe-chromosomal, njenge-Down syndrome. I-ultrasound technician izakulinganisa i-fold in the back of the fetal neck. Bobabini umfana kunye nentombazana yentombazana inalo ndawo egcweleyo. Ukuba ubukhulu be-translucency ye-nuchal bu ngaphezu kwe-3.5 mm budibaniswa nomngcipheko ophezulu we-Down syndrome.
Kule minyaka yobudala , awukwazi ukwahlula phakathi kwabesilisa abathandanayo kwi-ultrasound. Inxalenye yentsana ekhulayo ibe yinxalenye yeentombazana okanye iinxalenye zenkwenkwezi kuthiwa yi-tubercle yesini. Kuvela ukuba indlela yokutshatyalaliswa kwesifo sobunikazi kwisifeni somntwana osemtshatheni uhlukile kwiendlela ezizenza ngayo kwi-clitoris yentombazana yentombazana.
Iziphumo kwi-11 ukuya kwe-14-Iveki I-Ultrasound Ephakamisa Umfana
Ngokujonga i-angle ye-tubercle yesisu, kunokwenzeka ukuhlula phakathi kwenkwenkwana nentombazana yentombazana. Kodwa khumbula, oku kudla ngokuba yinxalenye ye-ultrasound yesiqhelo kule minyaka yobudala. Umchwepheli we-ultrasound kufuneka abhekise kwiimbono ezithile ezongeziweyo zebhola elikhulayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe le ngqungquthela. Akunabo bonke ootitshala abaziva bekhululekile ngokwenza le milinganiselo kwaye baqinisekisa umntwana okhulayo.
Ukubeka Isiteji: Yintoni efunekayo eyenzekayo yokwenza umfana
Kuninzi okwenzekile ngexesha lakho lomntwana liza kufika kwiiveki ezili-16. Ngaphambi kokuba i-tubercle yesisu ikhule ibe yinkwenkwe yamalungu, utshintsho luvela ekusekeni ukuphuhliswa kwezi nkwenkwe ezibonakalayo-ezibizwa ngokuba yi-penis, scrotum, kunye ne-testicles.
Ngokucacileyo, isinyathelo sokuqala sokuba yinkwenkwe iqala ngokuchumisa iqanda lakho ngesidoda esine-Y chromosome. IGenesis ye-SRY okanye ummandla wokumisela ngesondo kwi-Y ye-chromosome inquma ukuba amathunti aya kuphuhlisa. Kwiiveki ezintandathu, iiseli zangaphambili zesehlo zikhulula into ekhusela ukukhuliswa komzimba wesini. Kwiiveki ezithoba, i-testosterone iveliswa. I-Testosterone yi-hormone yesondo enkulu kumadoda kwaye kuyimfuneko ekuphuhlisweni kokukhula komntwana kwimizimba yesini yomfana.
Kwiiveki ezi-14 ukuya kwezi-16, ngaphantsi kwefuthe le-testosterone, izifo zesisu zomntwana ziqala ukubonakala.
Ukuqinisekisa iiDates zakho
Akukho isimiso sokuba ne-ultrasound kwiiveki ezili-16, nangona le sithombe.
Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha ufike emva kokunakekelwa kokubeleka okanye iintsuku zakho zingase ziphele kwaye usuphelela ukuba ube kude kunokuba ucinge. Kule meko, unokwenene iiveki ezilishumi elinesibhozo (okanye ngaphezulu) ngexesha lokuqala kwe-ultrasound yakho. Kule ngongoma, kuphelile kakhulu ukwenza ukuhlolwa kovavanyo lwengozi. Kodwa ochwephesha uya kuthatha umlinganiselo wesisu sakho esiza kunceda ukuseka okanye ukuqinisekisa umhla ofunekayo.
Ngamaviki angama-16, zonke iinxalenye zomntwana wakho omntwana zenziwa. Ngoku uphuhliso lomntwana lujoliswe ekukhuleni.
Uvavanyo loKungozi lomSebenzi: IsiKrevix Ubude
Esinye isizathu unokuba ne-ultrasound kwiiveki ezingama-16 kukujonga ubungakanani bomlomo wakho wesibeleko. Oku kwenziwa ngokubanzi xa uhambisa umntwana wokuqala (phambi kweiveki ezingama-37) ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe. Ngokungafani ne-ultrasound yangaphambili yokubeleka, le yintsholongwane ye-ultrasound kwaye yenziwa kuphela ukulinganisa umlomo wakho wesibeleko.
Nangona ingaqondakali kakuhle, uphando lubonisa ukuba umntwana wesilisa udibene nomngcipheko wokwenza umsebenzi wokuqala. Ngoko ke, ukuba unembali yokunikezelwa kwangaphambili kwaye ukhulelwe yinkwenkwana, qiniseka ukuba uxoxe nobugqirha bakho ubude bakho.
Ngeeveki ezili-16, unokuqala ukubona ipenisi ecacileyo kunye ne-scrotum.
I-Anatomy Scan: I-Big Reveal
Kunconywa ukuba une-ultrasound phakathi kweeveki ezingama-18 ukuya kwe-20. Injongo yale ultrasound kukuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana wakho ukhula ngokuqhelekileyo. Le ultrasound ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-anatomy scan.
Kunokwenzeka ukuba unokucwangciswa ukuba ufumane i-ultrasound epheleleyo. Le ndlela ekhethekileyo ye-ultrasound idlalwa ngokuba yi-level 2 ultrasound kwaye kuya kuphakanyiswa ukuba uhlangabezana nemigangatho ethile kuquka (kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo ayinakuphela):
- Umdala> 35
- Sikashukela
- Ukubonakalisa kwangaphambili kwiyeza ezithile okanye amayeza
- Ngaba unamawele
- Ingaba nembali yentsapho yenkohlakalo yokuzalwa esinjengenkohlakalo yentliziyo
Kwaye, eli lixesha lokuba i-ultrasound ingakwazi ukuqiniseka ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba unenkwenkwe (ukuba isebenza).
Ukuhlola kwi-All Anatomy ye-Fetal
I-scanomi ye-anatomy ingakumbi malunga nokufumana ipeni.
Umbonisi we-ultrasonographer uza kujonga ngendlela efanelekileyo kwi-fetus yakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke zikhula ngokuqhelekileyo. Eli lixesha apho iimeko ezinobunzima be-congenital zifunyanwa. Ezinye zeentlungu ezizalwe ngumntwana ezitholakala kwi-ultrasound yesiqhelo ziquka:
- Ukukhubazeka kwentliziyo
- Inyawo leqela
- Umlomo ococekileyo / i-palate
I-scanomi ye-anatomy inokufumanisa kwakhona utshintsho oluthile oluthile olungabandakanywa ne-Down syndrome, ingakumbi ukuba ngaphezulu kwezona zinto zifunyanwe kwi-scan scan. La manqaku athambileyo we-Down syndrome abandakanya:
- Isifo se-Echogenic
- I-Echogenic intracardiac focus
- Umfazi omfutshane
- Pylectasis
Ikhamera Ihlazo?
Ngaphandle kokuva ukuba umntwana wakho ukhula ngokuqhelekileyo, ukufunda i-sex fetus yakho ngokuqinisekileyo kukuxhomekeke kwinqanaba le-scan.
Kwiiveki ezingama-18, i-penis ne-scrotum ziphuhliswe kakuhle kwaye ziqheleke ngokulula. Isithintelo esisodwa sokubona ukuba unenkwenkwe yindawo ye-fetus yakho kwisibeletho. Ngamanye amaxesha i-ultrasonographer ayinakukwazi ukufumana ipilisi efanelekileyo ye-penis ne-scrotum ukutsho ngokucacileyo ukuthi, "Yinkwenkwe!"
Ukufumana "i-Money Shot"
Xa i-ultrasonographer ifumana ikona elifanelekileyo, ukujonga ukuba loo nxalenye yinkwenkwe ibonakala kakuhle.
Lo ngumfanekiso omhle wokubonisa i-angle engcono ukujonga ukuba umntwana wakho unenganyana okanye iincwadana. Ngokufanelekileyo, ukufumana i-angle ukusuka ngaphantsi, njengokungathi umntwana wakho uhleli esihlalweni, unikeza umbono ogqwesileyo kunye ocacileyo. Ukuba unenkwenkwe, uza kubona ipeni kunye ne-scrotum efanelekileyo phakathi kwemilenze yakho encinci.
Kwaye, ukuba ukukhulelwa kwakho kungenakunzima, oku kungaba yindlela yakho yokugqibela ye-ultrasound.
Ukulandelelana okuphakathi kwe-trimester
Ukuba ne-ultrasound kwiiveki ezingama-21 akuyona inxalenye yesondlo sokubeleka.
Nangona kunjalo, kukho iziganeko ezithile apho unokufumana ufumana i-ultrasound kule minyaka yobudala. Izizathu eziqhelekileyo zokuba kutheni unakho i-ultrasound kwiiveki ezingama-21 ziquka:
- Ukulandelela ubude bomlomo wesibeleko
- Ukulandelelwa kwikhanekhthi yakho ye-anatomy ukuba zonke izakhiwo azibonwanga ngokwaneleyo kwiiveki ezingama-18 ukuya kwe-20
- Ukuba usufikelele ekunakekeleni kokubeleka, le nto ingaba ngowokuqala ukutshata kwe-ultrasound.
Ukuba unesi siketi esingakhange sitshitshiswe, kukunika ithuba lokujonga kwakhona ezo nkwenkwe zamakhwenkwe. Yaye ukuba unethamsanqa, zicacile ngokwaneleyo ukuba zibambe kwiprosi yepropati.
Ukujongana nokukhulelwa okunzima
Naliphi na i-ultrasound emva kokuskena kwe-anatomi ezalisiweyo ayikho inxalenye yesondlo sokubeletha kwangaphambili.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, kuthetha ukuba kukho into enzima ukukhulelwa kwakho okumele ilandelwe. Mhlawumbi unesifo sikashukela okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, okanye mhlawumbi into ephawulwe kwikhanekhthi yakho ye-anatomy efuna ukuhlaziywa kwakhona. Izizathu eziphakamileyo ezintathu zokuba unokudinga i-ultrasounds ngexesha lakho lesithathu li-trimester ziquka imfuneko yokujonga:
- Ukukhula komntwana
- Indawo yePlacenta
- Umqulu wama-Amniotic
Ukulawula indlela yakho ngokukhulelwa okunzima kunye nazo zonke iimvavanyo ezongeziweyo kunye nokuqeshwa kwabantu kunokunyanzelisa. Kodwa ngethemba lokuba ukhangele enye inkwenkwana yakho iya kukhanyisa usuku lwakho.
Uhlobo lweeVavanyo
Inzala yeemvavanyo kwi-scrotum yinto ebaluleke kakhulu ekuphuhliseni okuqhelekileyo kwenkwenkwe yakho yomntwana.
Yinkqubo eyinkimbinkimbi eqalayo xa umntwana wakho umntwana ekhulile iiveki ezili-10 kuphela. Iiveki eziphakathi kwe-10 ukuya kwe-15, ii-testes ziqala ukuphuma kwisisu esiswini kunye nommandla apho iimbumba zesini zenza khona. Bahlala kwi-pelvis pelvis de malunga ne-26 ukuya kwiiveki ezingama-35. Emva koko, ngaphantsi kwefuthe le-testosterone, ii-testes ziqala ukunyuka ukuya kwi-scrotum ye-fetal.
Kwiiveki ezingama-32, zombini ii-testes ziye zafika ezingaphezu kwama-95 ekhulwini kwintsana.
Kwakhona, inzala yesithenti iyaxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwimveliso ye-testosterone ngokuzalwa komntwana. Ukuba i-testosterone yokuvelisa ayinelanga okanye iphazamiseke nayiphi na indlela, imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi- cryptorchidism (iimvavanyo ze-uncended) zingabangela.
Phantse i-3.4 ekhulwini yabantwana abaza kuzalwa ngexesha elizayo baya kuba ne-cryptorchidism. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ubungqina obubalulekileyo kunye obuphazamisayo bokuthi le miphunga iyakhula ngokubonga kwi-utero ukuxhatshazwa kweemichiza eziphazamisa i-endocrine.
Ukuhlola ngaphakathi: Ukuvavanya kwangaphambi kokuzalwa kwangaphambili kwi-Third Trimester
Kwakhona, nangona kungengenxalenye yenkqubo yokunakekelwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha, ukufumana i-ultrasound kwiiveki ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba umhla wakho ungagqithanga. I-ultrasound eyalwe ngolu hlobo ekukhupheni idla ngokuyinxalenye yeprofayili ye- biophysical- uvavanyo oluthile olusetyenziswa ukuhlolisana nokuphila komntwana.
Kunokwenzeka ukuba uya kufumana umboniso wezinto ezibonakala zifana neenkwenkwezi ngexesha lohlobo lwe-ultrasound. Lo mfanekiso ubonisa ngokucacileyo ipenis ne-scrotum, akukho ncazelo efunekayo.
Igama elivela kwi-Verywell
Ndiyathemba ukuba uye ujabule ukubona oko ukukhula kancinane kwenkwenkwana yakho kubonakala kwiiveki ezahlukeneyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwakho. Ngokukhulelwa okunzima, unokufumana umboniso okanye ezimbini, ngoko ke le mifanekiso eyongezelelweyo ikunikezele ngakumbi ukuphuhliswa kwakhe kwindlela.
Khumbula: Ukufumana uvavanyo olongezelelweyo ngenxa yokuba ukhulelwe kakhulu kukukhusela ukuqinisekisa ukuba uhambo lwakho lwenyanga ezintandathu luhamba kakuhle. Nangona ngokuqinisekileyo oku kungabangela uxinzelelo, le bhonasi ixhamla kwiinkwenkwana yakho kwi-ultrasound ingaba isikhumbuzo (nangona mhlawumbi kungenasidingo) sokuba kutheni oku kuhlolwayo kulungile.
> Imithombo:
> Ukuphuhliswa kwe-Fetal Male Gender: Ukulingana kweNdodana yoNyana kweStrotus kunye nokuVavanywa kweNtshonalanga yeNtshontsho R. Achiron, O. Pinhas-Hamiel, Y. Zalel, Z. Rotstein kunye neSipt Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1998; 11: 242-245
> IDriscoll, iDaily, kunye neKomiti yoLwazi lweZakhono kunye neZikhokelo, iSJ (2008). Ukuxilongwa kweTrimester yokuqala kunye nokuHlola i-Anealloidy ye-Fetal. I-Genetics kwiMida , 10 (1), 73-75. http://doi.org/10.1097/GIM.0b013e31815efde8
> Efrat, Z., Akinfenwa, OO kunye noNicolaides, KH (1999), ukuQinisekisa kokuQala kweSigxina kwe-Fetal Gender ngo-Ultrasound. I-Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol, 13: 305-307. i-doi: 10.1046 / j.1469-0705.1999.13050305.x
> Evanthia Diamanti-Kandarakis, uJean-Pierre Bourguignon, uLinda C. Giudice, uRuss Hauser, uGail S. Prins, uAna M. Soto, uRobert Thomas Zoeller, u-Andrea C. Gore; I-Endocrine-Iimichiza eziphazamisayo: I-Endocrine Society iScientific Statement. Endocr 2009; 30 (4): 293-342. I-doi: 10.1210 / er.2009-0002
> Umbutho weNtsholongwane yeMantal-Fetal Medicine. (2015, Februwari 2). Impembelelo ye-Fetal Gender engozini yokuzalwa kwangaphambili. ScienceDaily . www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/02/150202123708.htm
Imifanekiso efakwe nguRobin Elise Weiss, PhD.