Ngomhla ka-2013, uMongameli uJoseph wacebisa ukwenza imfundo esemgangathweni yezemfundo efumanekayo yonke ineminyaka emine ubudala e-United States. Ukususela ngoko, imfundo yasebuntwaneni yasemncinci ibe yinto ephikisanayo kunye nabazali kunye nabenzi bomgaqo-nkqubo. Ngomnyaka we-2014-2015, ama- 44 anikezela ngemfundo eqala inkxaso-mali ngemfundo yabantwana abasuka kwiminyaka engama-4. Ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-4, abazali bajongene neendleko ezipheleleyo zezikolo zasesikolweni.
Iindleko zeSchools
Iimali ezininzi ze-school school zifana neendleko eziphezulu zamaziko okunakekelwa kwamasango . Ngokuxhomekeka apho uhlala khona kunye nomgangatho we-school school, iindleko eziqhelekileyo zivela kwi-$ 4,460 ukuya kwi-13,158 ngonyaka (i-$ 372 ukuya kwi-1,100 yenyanga ngenyanga), ngokutsho kweNational Association of Child Care Resources & Referral Agencies (NACCRRA). Kwizixeko, ezifana neNew York neBoston, i-school school full-day may cost up $ 20,000 kwisikolo semfundo esikolweni, ukushona kungabandakanywa. Ezinye izikolo zangaphambili zibonelela emva kokunyamekela kodwa ezinye ziphela ngaphambi kokuba abazali bafike ekhaya baye emsebenzini, okongeza omnye umntwana okanye umntu obiza imali kwibhajethi.
Ukuba unako ukufikelela esikolweni, abazali abaninzi banokungabaza malunga noko abantwana bafunda kwizikole zokufunda nokuba ngaba umntwana wabo uya kulungela inkulisa elandela isifundo semfundo yasesikolweni.
Yintoni abantwana abayifunayo kwiSchools?
Uphuhliso loLuntu kunye nolwaMoya
Kwiziko lokufundela, abantwana baya kufunda ukuqinisa ukuphuhliswa kwezentlalo kunye nomoya.
Abantwana bafunda ukudibanisa, bahlonele kunye neengxaki. Iprogram ye-Preschool inikezela indawo yokuba abantwana bahlolisise, bafumane ingqiqo, badlale kunye noontanga baze bazakhele ukuzithemba. Abantwana bafunda ukuba banokufezekisa imisebenzi kwaye benze izigqibo ngaphandle kooncedo lwabazali babo.
Ukulungela Isikolo
Ulawulo lokuziphatha luyinxalenye enkulu yokufunda esikolweni. Ekufundiseni abantwana, abantwana bafunda ukuba ngabafundi. Abantwana bafunde ukubekezela, indlela yokuphakamisa izandla kunye nokujika. Abantwana bafunda nendlela yokwabelana ngengqalelo ngutitshala. Abantwana bafunda ngokuqhelekileyo, ngokulandela izikhokelo kunye nokulinda. Ubuncinane bezemfundo zibanceda abantwana bafumane iimpendulo ngokuhlola, ukuvavanya kunye nengxoxo. Ukuya esikolweni kukunceda abantwana bafunde ukuhlukana nomzali okanye umnakekeli wabo.
Ukukhuthaza uLwimi kunye neZakhono zoCognitive
Izakhono zolwimi zabantwana ziyakhuliswa "kwintsimi elinezityebi." Kwimeko yokufundela eklasini, ootitshala banceda abantwana bakomeleze izakhono zabo ngeelwimi ngokuzisa isigama esitsha ngexesha lobugcisa, ixesha lokutya, kunye neminye imisebenzi. Ootitshala bathathela abafundi ngemibandela echukumisa ingcinga ukunika abantwana amathuba amaninzi okufunda ulwimi ngokucula, ukuthetha ngeencwadi kunye nokudlala.
Izifundo
Kwizakhono zangaphambi kokufunda izibalo ngaphambi kokufunda nokubhala. Abantwana bafundiswa manani kunye neleta, kodwa ifundiswa ngendlela ekhangayo kubantwana belo xesha. Abantwana bacula ingoma yesi-alfabhethi ngelixa belandela kwincwadi yesithombe okanye bafunde imilolotelo kunye neengoma, ezibanceda bazibonele izandi ezahlukileyo ngamazwi.
Ootitshala bafunda amabali kubantwana ukukhuthaza ukuphulaphula, ukuqonda, kunye nezakhono zolwimi ezicacileyo. Ukuqhathanisa imidlalo, ukukhetha imidlalo kunye nokubala imidlalo kwenza ukuba abantwana bakwazi ukuqonda amanani kunye nokulandelelana. Ukubeka iipuzzles kunye kubakhuthaza abantwana ukuba babone iipatheni kwaye basebenze kwizakhono zokuxazulula iingxaki.
Abantwana bafunda ngokusemgangathweni ngemisebenzi abayifumana umdla, njengengoma, ibali lebali kunye nomdlalo wokudlala. Iprogram ye-Preschool ayikho malunga nokuphumelela kwezemfundo; ku malunga nokudala umntwana ojikelezayo ofuna ukuphanda kwaye abuze ummandla wabo. Ekufundiseni abantwana abantwana baya kuzuza ukuzithemba kwabo ngokwabo njengabafundi abakwaziyo nabazimeleyo.
Ukuzithemba
Ngaphambi kokufunda esikolweni, abantwana bafunda ukuba banokwenza izinto ngokwabo. Abantwana baya kufunda ukuhlamba izandla zabo, baye kwisitya sokuhlambela kwaye basuse izihlangu zabo ngaphandle komntu omdala abakwenzayo. Abantwana banokuba nemisebenzi yokufundela kunye nokuziqhayisa ngokuncedisa eklasini. Ukufunda izakhono ezintsha kukunceda uqiniseke.
Imfundo esemgangathweni yemfundo ebuntwaneni inikezela abantwana abanezakhono zokuqonda, zokuziphatha nezentlalo abangakwazi ukufunda ekhaya. Ootitshala bakuthola kulula ukufundisa umntwana ophethe imvelaphi yezemfundo ezikhuselekileyo kwizakhono zolwimi, ukuqonda ukuphulaphula, ukuqonda izakhono, nokujonga isimo sengqondo ngokubhekiselele ekufundeni.
Ulungiswe nguJill Ceder