Basisiseko seManzi
Ukhuseleko lwamanzi
Abantu abaninzi bacinga ngokukhuseleko lwamanzi kwaye bakhathazekile ngeengozi zokugwinxa xa abantwana babo besondele emanzini. Basenokungakhuselekanga nabantwana babo , babe nezingane zabo bembethe i-jacket yokuphila, bajonge ngaphantsi kwamanzi, baze bafumane izifundo zokubhukuda kwangaphambili.
Sekunjalo, ukugalelwa yimbangela ebangela ukufa ngokungenabulungisa kwabantwana phantse kuwo onke amawaka kwaye abantu abangama-3,880 banamanzi ngonyaka ngamnye e-United States.
Oko kubangela ukubaluleka ukuba uqaphele izingozi zokugwinxa ngaphakathi nakwienxa yekhaya lakho, kwaye:
- ukubeka ukukhuselwa kwendawo yendalo, njengendawo yokucima kwinqanaba elihlangeneyo lokuhlukanisa igumbi lokubhukuda ngasemva kwendlu
- ungaphuzi utswala xa udida, uhamba ngeenqanawa, okanye uphawula abantwana emanzini
- Qinisekisa ukuba bonke abahamba ngeenqanawa kunye nabantwana abangakwazi ukugibela kakuhle banokugqoka i-device yeWorld Guard evumelekileyo yokuthambisa
- uqaphele izingozi zokugwinxa kunye neenxa zonke kwikhaya lakho, kuquka amachibi aseduze, amachibi, kunye namanzi
- kufunda iCPR
Kwaye ke, kubalulekile ukufundisa abantwana bakho ukuba badada.
Nangona oko kwakusoloko kulindeleke ukuba ulinde ukuba iintsapho zakho zibe neminyaka emine okanye emihlanu ubudala, iingcali ezininzi ngoku cebisa ukuba abantwana abasebancinci bafunde ukunyamekela ukunqongophala kwezakhono zokuqinisekisa ukuba bayakhuselekile ukuba bangena emanzini.
U kufunda
I-American Academy ye-Pediatrics yayisoloko ibhekene nezifundo zokubhukuda kwabantwana abancinci nabasesikolweni. Isikhundla sashintsha ngo-2010, xa batyelela inkcaso yabo kwizifundo zokubhukuda kubantwana abancinci.
Ingqwalasela ephambili ye-AAP kukuba bonke abantwana bafunda ukubhukuda , nangona kunjalo, kungekhona ekufundiseni okubhukuda. Abazali abacinga ngethuba elihle lokuqalisa ukubhukuda kufuneka bahlale bekhumbula ukuba i-AAP ithi "ngeminyaka engama-4 ubudala, abaninzi abantwana banokufunda ukuhlaselwa kwezilwanyana ezisisiseko, kunye no-5 okanye 6 ubudala ubudala, uninzi lwabo lunokukwazi ukukhwela kwangaphambili. "
Yingakho abazali abaninzi baqala ukubhukuda izifundo xa abantwana bebaneminyaka emine ubudala ukuze bafunde izakhono ezisisiseko baze benze izifundo kwakhona ngonyaka ozayo, xa abaninzi abantwana befunda ukundiza. Kwaye banokuqhubeka nezifundo eziqhelekileyo emva koko ukuphucula izakhono zabo zokubhukuda.
Ukusinda Ukufunda Izifundo
Nangona kusacinga ukuba uninzi lwabantwana alulungele ukuphucula izifundo zokubhukuda - apho banokufunda ukuzibhukuda ngokwabo-kude kube beminyaka emine ubudala, i-AAP ngoku ithi imigaqo yokubhukuda inokuthi kunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokugwinxa kubantwana abancinane phakathi kweminyaka yobudala ukuya kwiminyaka emine ubudala.
Gcina ukhumbule ukuba i-AAP ayinakunconywa ukutyekela izifundo kuzo zonke iintsana kunye nabantwana abasesikolweni abangaphantsi kweminyaka emine. Akunjalo ngokuchasene neentlobo zokuphucula iinkqubo zezakhono zokusinda kwaye zixelele ukuba abazali kufuneka babhalise abantwana babo ukuba bacinga ukuba "inzuzo yamaphulo amancinci okanye amancinci amancinci ngaphezu kweyiphi na ingozi."
Ziziphi iingozi ezikhoyo zokuqala zokubhukuda?
Ziquka inyaniso yokuba yenza abazali abathile bakholelwe ukuba abantwana babo banobungqina obunamanzi, obungenza abantwana bafumane ingozi yokumisa. Kukho nkxalabo yokuba izifundo zokubhukuda zangaphambili zinganciphisa ukwesaba amanzi okanye intsana emanzini, okwenza ukuba banokuthi basondele okanye basemanzini ngaphandle kokongamela.
I-American Red Cross Advisory Council kwi-First Aid, i-Aquatics, Safety and Preparedness inokucebisa ukuba "abantwana abancinci bangase baqale ukugibela izifundo ngenjongo yokwakha ukulungeleka kwamanzi kunye nokunciphisa amanzi kumntu nawuphi na ixesha emva kweyokuqala okanye yesibini unyaka wobomi. "
Ezi zifundo zakuqala zokubhukuda zifundisa izakhono ezisisiseko zokuphila, kubandakanywa nokukwazi:
- ngokwakho emva kokuwela emanzini
- qhubela umgama omfutshane emanzini, njengelinye icala
- ukuthambisa okanye ukunyathela amanzi ade umntu awakhuphe ngaphandle kwamanzi
Nangona bengabandakanyi eminyaka, amaziko okuLawula nokuLawula (i-CDC) ibonakala ehamba phambili kwiinqununu zabo kuninzi ezinye iingcali, esithi "Ukukhusela ukucima, bonke abazali kunye nabantwana kufuneka bafunde ukuphila kubomi bokubhukuda."
Abazali abakhetha olu hlobo lokuqhubeka nokuqeqeshwa kwezakhono zokubhukuda banokufumana iiklasi kwi-YMCA yabo, iSahluko saseMelika esiPhezulu soMvulo, kunye nabanikezeli bemithombo yobuncwane bamancinci nabasana.
Ukuphepha Iimpazamo Zokukhuselwa kwamanzi
Ukufunda ukufundela ukunqongophala kwezakhono okanye ukubhalisa kwinkqubo encinci yamanzi ingaba nembono omuhle kubantwana abancinci, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo akuyona indlela efanelekileyo yokugcina abantwana bakho bekhuselekileyo emanzini. Indlela efanelekileyo yokukhusela ukucima ukulawula i-kids yakho emanzini, ukukhusela abantwana i-pool yakho, kwaye uqinisekise ukuba abantwana bakho banxibe i-device ye-flotation ye-Personal Guard ye-Coast Guard.
Kwakhona kubalulekile ukukhusela iimpazamo zokhuseleko lwamanzi, ezifana:
- usebenzisa iiplanti njengendlela yokutshintshwa kweso sixhobo sokubhukuda soLuntu oluPhezulu lweNxweme
- ukushiya idilesi kwisibini esingasentla
- Ukuvumela abantwana bebhukude bebodwa, nokuba banako ukubhukuda kakuhle - sebenzisa inkqubo ye-buddy endaweni yoko, ukukhuthaza abantwana bakho ukuba bahlale bebhukuda nomhlobo
- ukuvumela ukufikelela okulula kwigumbi lakho okanye i-spa, ngaphandle kocingo lwendawo yokuzihlukanisa (ucingo obuncinane ubunzima beenyawo ezi-4 ezijikelezileyo echibini ngamasango okuvala kunye nokuzimela)
- ukufaka ucingo lwe-chain-link okanye ucingo olufutshane (kulula ukukhuphuka) okanye usebenzisa indlu yakho njengecala lesine locingo olujikeleze idama lakho, ukuvumela ukufikelela kwisibini ngokusebenzisa umnyango okanye iwindi ukusuka endlwini
- ingakhangeli emanzini kuqala xa umntwana engekho
- ukufundisa umntwana wakho ukuba adide
- Ukujongana neengozi zamanzi kunye neenxa zonke kwikhaya lakho, njengamachibi, izibhakabhaka ezitshatileyo, kunye nebhabha yokuhlamba
- ukushiya abantwana bodwa okanye bejikeleze amanzi, kwimizuzu embalwa nje
Nangona uzama ukuphepha iimpazamo kwaye wenze konke okulungileyo, izingozi zingenzeka. Yingakho kulungile ukusebenzisa "iindlela zokukhusela" ukugcina abantwana bakho bekhuselekileyo emanzini. Ukusebenzisa ubuninzi beendlela zokukhusela kubantwana njengokhuseleko ekumiseni ukutyhawula kuthetha ukuba xa omnye ukhuselo olukhuselayo luya kwehla, enye yezinye izitha zokukhusela iya kuhlala isekelwe ukugcina abantwana bakho bekhuselekile. Umzekelo, ukuba umntu ushiya umnyango wendlu evulekile kwaye umntwana wakho ufika egcekeni elingasemva, ngoko usenalo ucingo olugcina umntwana wakho ngaphandle kwidama.
Abanye abazali bacinga ukuba ukufunda okuqhubekayo kukunceda izakhono zokubhukuda ukuze kube yinqanaba lokugcina lokugcina abantwana babo bekhuselekile. Ukuba zonke ezinye izalathisi ziyahlula kwaye umntwana wakho uphela emanzini, ngoko kuthemba ukuba abo basaphila bezakhono zokubhukuda baya kumgcina angagwinxa de ube ungamkhupha ngaphandle kwamanzi.
Imithombo:
I-American Academy yePediatrics. Ingxelo yoBugcisa: Ukuthintela ukuNgcwa. Iintsholongwane 2010; 126: 1 e253-e262
I-American Red Cross, iBhunga eliPhakamileyo kwiNcedo lokuQala, i-Aquatics, Safety and Preparedness. Uhlolo lwezesayensi lwe-ACFASP: ubuncinci beminyaka yokubhukuda. Juni 2009.
CDC. Ukugqithisa - i-United States, 2005-2009. Ukunyangwa nokufa kweeNgxelo zeveki. Meyi 18, 2012/61 (19), 344-347.