Ihlobo lithetha ezininzi iintsana ziya kudlala ngaphandle, kodwa kubalulekile ukugcina uluhlu lokuhlola ukhuseleko engqondweni ukugcina abantwana bekhuselekile xa behlekisa. Nazi ezinye iingcebiso ezinzulu zokugcina ingqalelo ukhuseleko lwezingane. Thumela olu luhlu lokukhangela ukhuseleko kwifriji yakho okanye kwibhodi yeencwadana zokukhusela njengesikhumbuzo seendlela ongagcina ngayo abantwana bakho ukhuselekileyo kwaye ukhusele ukulimala okanye izingozi ekungeneni kwintsapho yasekhaya.
1. Ziqhelise ukuKhusela kweSikolo soKhuseleko kwabantwana
Xa kuziwa ekukhuseleni abantwana bakho elangeni, i-suncreen inendima ebalulekileyo. Kodwa i-sunscreen yindlela enye yokulinda kwiimitha ezonakalisa ilanga. Ngenxa yokuba imisebe yelanga ingabonakalisa isanti kunye namanzi okanye ezinye iindawo ezibonakalayo, izigqoko, kunye nezibuko zelanga nazo zinokudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni umonakalo we-UV.
- Faka isicelo sesibhakabhaka selanga. Ngokuqinisekileyo kunokuba ngumngeni ukukhumbula ukufaka i- sunscreen okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kokuba uhambe ngaphandle. Kodwa oko kanye kanye nezingane zakho kufuneka ziyenze ngaphambi kokuhamba ngaphandle, kwaneentsuku ezinqabileyo (kungenxa yokuba imilayezo ye-UVA ingaya ngqo emafini kwaye ibangela umonakalo). Sebenzisa i-generous UVA- kunye ne-UVB yokukhusela i-sunscreen nge-SPF ubuncinane be-15 kwaye usebenzise kwakhona iiyure ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu emva kokubhukuda okanye ukujuluka. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuba abantu baninzi banqabile ukuba kufuneka basebenzise kangakanani i-sunscreen, ngoko qi ni sekise ukuba ulandele imiyalelo epakethe (malunga neyunithi yomzimba wonke ngokuqhelekileyo isixa esinconywayo). Ukuba umfundi wakho wesikolo uneminyaka eyaneleyo kwaye ufuna ukusebenzisa isicelo sakhe somswakabini, uyongamela isicelo kwaye umkhumbuze ukuba ahlambulule izandla xa esenzile ukwenzela ukuba angaguquli ngephanyazi kwesikrini. Ekugqibeleni, gwema ukusebenzisa i-sunscreens kunye ne-repellants ye-insects ngoba i-sunscreen iyasetyenziswa kwakhona, inokukhokelela ekugqibeleni ngokugqithiseleyo.
- Fumana iingubo zokukhusela ilanga. Gqokisa abantwana bakho kwiikhabhi kwiincinci ezinkulu kunye neengubo zeconti ezixutywe ngokugqithiseleyo okanye iimpahla ezizakhiwe nge-SPF (iimpahla ezininzi zezingane, ngokukodwa iintshukumo zokubhukuda, zinokukhuselwa kwelanga kuzo namhlanje). Zama ukuphuma kwelanga phakathi kwe-10 ukuya kwe-4 ntambama, xa ilanga lisezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu, kwaye uzame ukuhlala emthunzini kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
- Zithengela ezinye izinto ezipholileyo. Musa ukulibala amehlo omntwana wakho xa uphuma kwaye malunga. Khangela izilwanyana zelanga ezivimba i-99 ukuya kwi-100 ekhulwini ze-UVU kunye ne-UVB. Akudingeki ukuba uchithe ezininzi kwiinkilazi zokukhanya zebhokhwe - uphando lubonisile ukuba izibuko zelanga ezingabizi ezibhalwe njengekhusela i-UVA kunye ne-UVB zisebenza ngokukhawuleza ukukhusela imilayezo eyingozi yelanga.
- Khumbula ukuba usenokufumana ukushona kwelanga nangona kuluhlaza. Ukushona kwelanga akukwenzeka kuphela kwiintsuku zelanga; ukuya kuma-80 ekhulwini emisebe ye-UV yelanga ingena ngaphakathi kwesikhumba, kwaneentsuku ezinamafu, ngokwe-American Academy of Dermatology.
2. Khusela ama-Bugs
Izigulane ngenye yezo zinto zivuthayo zasehlotyeni. Kodwa iinambuzane ezinjengezilwanyana ezinokuthi zithathe izifo kunye neenyosi zinokulimaza nabantwana. Ukukhusela umntwana wakho kumabhogi:
- Sebenzisa izigulane ezikhuselekileyo zokulinda kuma-ticks, ezinokuhambisa i-Lyme Disease, kunye nezinyosi, ezinokuthwala i-Virtual Nile Virus kunye nezinye iigciwane. Uninzi lwezihlunu zenziwe nge-DEET, inambuzane esebenzayo enobungozi okanye enokuba yingozi xa iginyiwe. Ukuba usebenzisa imveliso equkethe i-DEET, kubalulekile ukuba ungayisebenzisi loo mveliso kwisandla somntwana okanye ubuso ukuze uphephe ukungena; Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuhlamba umkhiqizo ngaphambi kokuba umbhede ukhusele ukugqithiswa kweekhemikhali. Esinye isithako esisebenzayo esifumaneka kwiimpawu eziphambukayo yi-picaridin, kodwa i-DEET iyona ndlela iphumelelayo, kwaye yiziphi oogqirha abacebisa (nge-30 ekhulwini kwi-DEET concentrations) banikezelwa ingozi ezibangelwa yiintsholongwane ezifana ne-West Nile.
- Enye indlela yokuhlawula i-DEET enezikhuhlane zezilwanyana zendalo; Nangona kunjalo, abazali kufuneka bahlale bekhumbula ukuba "inqobo" ayithethi ukuba "ukhuselekile." Thetha kwinqanaba lakho lezilwanyana malunga nokuphikiswa kwezilwanyana kukulungele intsapho yakho.
- Gqoka ii-sleeve shirts kunye neengxuma ezide xa uphuma ngaphandle, ngokukhawuleza xa kusasa xa ummiyane unokuba khona.
- Ungalokothi ushiye amachibi aphantsi kwamanzi azungeze indlu. Amachibi wamanzi anokusebenza njengendawo yokuzalisa ummiyane.
- Gwema ukusebenzisa isepha esinomlilo okanye i-perfume kumntwana wakho. Futhi musa ukuvumela umntwana wakho ukuba ahambahamba ephethe iziselo ezicolileyo, ezinjengeziqhamo zesithelo. Ezi ziqhamo ezintle, ezinamandla zinokutsala iinyosi kunye namaqabunga kunye nokwandisa umngcipheko womntwana wakho wokuba u-stung.
3. Ukuthintela ukukhutshwa kwamanzi
Ingaba umntwana wakho udlala ibhola ekhatywayo kunye nabadlali beqela okanye ehamba ejikelezayo epakini kunye nabahlobo abathile, kubalulekile ukugcina engqondweni ukuba ukuphuka kwamanzi rhoqo kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhusela ukungcola. Umntwana wakho kufuneka aphuze amanzi ngaphambi kokuzivocavoca kwaye ngexesha lokuphumula, okumele kube malunga nemizuzu eyi-15 ukuya kweyimi-20. Ngeentsuku ezitshisayo kunye neentsuku, kuyinto enhle ukuba abazali bahlasele abantwana kunye namanzi athile kwibhotile.
4. Musa ukulibala iiklasi
Umntwana wakho kufuneka agqoke isigqoko naso nasiphi na ivili, ezifana ne-scooter, ibhasikidi, okanye iikratshi. Isigqoko sisona sixhobo esibaluleke kakhulu esinokunciphisa ukulimala kwentloko nokufa ngenxa yokuqhuma kwebhayisikili, ngokwe-Safe Kids USA. Nceda ubeke umzekelo omhle ngokuhlala ugqoke isigqoko sakho xa uhamba ngebhayisikili yakho.
5. Yenza Ukukhuselwa kokutya
Izifo zokutya ukutya zanda ukwanda kwehlobo kuba iibhaktheriya zikhula ngokukhawuleza kwiqondo lokushisa nokufudumala. Ngaphezulu kwelo, abantu abaninzi bayadla baze balungise ukutya ngaphandle, kwiipiknikki kunye ne-barbecues, apho ifriji kunye neendawo zokuhlamba izandla azifumaneki lula.
Ukuthintela izifo zokutya:
- Qiniseka ukuba uhlamba izandla ngaphambi kokulungiselela okanye ukukhonza naluphi ukutya. Qinisekisa ukuba abantwana bakho bahlamba izandla zabo, okanye ubuncinane basebenzise isinxephezelo esisekelwe kwisiphuzo sotywala, ngaphambi kokutya.
- Ungalokothi ungcolise. Ungavumeli naluphi na inyama eluhlaza okanye iinkukhu ukuba zidibanise nayo nayiphi na enye ukutya okanye izitya okanye izitsha.
- Cinga ngo bushushu. Sebenzisa i-thermometer uze uqiniseke ukupheka yonke inyama kunye neenkukhu ukuya kumaqondo afanelekileyo okubulala zonke iibhaktheriya eziyingozi. Gcina konke ukutya okutshayolayo kwifriji kwaye ungagcini i-asfriji engaphezulu kweyure okanye ezimbini iiyure.
6. Qapha ukulwa nokuNgcwa
Unyaka ngamnye, abantwana abangaphezu kwe-830 abaneminyaka eli-14 nangaphantsi bayafa ngenxa yokumanya komngcipheko , kwaye umyinge wabantwana abangama-3,600 balimala kwiimeko ezikufutshane. Phakathi kukaMeyi noAgasti, ukufa kwamanzi phakathi kwezingane kwanda nge-89%. Ukuba unendawo yokubhukuda okanye ukuba umntwana wakho uya kuba kufuphi, kubalulekile ukubeka amanyathelo amaninzi okukhusela kwindawo ukugcina abantwana bekhuselekile.
- Beka izithintelo ezijikeleze idama ukukhawulela ukufikelela. Sebenzisa iingcango ngokukhupha kunye ne-alamu ukugcina abantwana ngaphandle xa abadala bengabikho.
- Ungalokothi ushiye abantwana abangaphathwanga. Nangona umfundi wakho wesikolo unethemba kwaye uyakwazi ukuhamba, akasayi kushiya indawo yokuhlala ngaphandle kwongamela abadala xa abantwana bekhona okanye kufuphi namanzi.
- Khumbula ukuba ukucwina kunokuthi kwenzeke ngokucace. Awuyi kukuva ukutshiza okanye umnxeba uncedo-ukucwina kunokwenzeka ngeemitha kwaye ungathula.
- Ungasebenzisi amacebo okuthambisa. Izibilini "eziphambili" kunye nezinye izixhobo zokuhamba kunye neekoni zinganika abantwana abangenako ukugiba umxholo wobuxoki.
- Funda iCPR. Akunakuze ufune ukuyisebenzisa, kodwa ukwazi i-CPR kubantu abadala kunye nabantwana yinto enokuthi ithetha ukuba umehluko phakathi kokuphila nokufa kwimeko engxamisekileyo.
- Funda malunga neengozi zokucwiliswa kwamanzi , okwenzekayo kumhlaba owomileyo, emva kweeyure emva kokuba umntwana engenelela amanzi emiphakeni.
- Musa ukucinga ukuba umntwana okanye isihlobo siya kubuka. Xoxa ngabo ngokungasebenzisi iifowuni, ukuthumela imiyalezo, okanye ukuvumela ezinye iziphazamiso ngexesha lijongisa abantwana emanzini.
7. Gwema i-Trampoline Ingozi
Ukutyelelwa kwamagumbi angaphezu kwama-90,000 ahlobene nokulimala kwe-trampoline ngo-2001, ngokwe-Commission yezokuThuthwa koThengi kweMveliso yabasebenzi base-US (CPSC). Ezinye iingcebiso zokukhusela i-trampoline : Ungaze uvumele ngaphezu kweyodwa umntwana ukuba asebenzise i-trampoline ngexesha, ungavumeli ukuba abantwana benze iziganeko, kwaye ungavumeli abantwana abangaphantsi kwe-6 badlale kwi-trampoline epheleleyo, kwaye bathathe i-trampoline kude nezinye izakhiwo okanye indawo zokudlala.
8. Xwayisa abantwana malunga nokufihla kwiindawo ezifakiwe
Fundisa abantwana ukuba bangalokothi bafihle baze bafune ngokukhwela ngaphakathi kwendawo edibeneyo njengesixhobo somoto, isifuba okanye i-cooler endala okanye umbane.
9. Se benzisa isilumkiso Xa wenza iYardwork
Ungalokothi uvumele abantwana ukuba bagibele kwi-lawnmowers okanye badlale ngokusondeza izixhobo zentsimbi. Musa ukuvumela abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-12 ukuba basebenze i-push mowers kwaye bangavumeli abantwana abangaphantsi kwe-16 ukuba basebenze ukukhwela-kumatshini omatshini.
Ukongeza kwi-lawnmowers, qiniseka ukuba ungaze uvumele umntwana wakho omncinci ukuba agibele i-ATV (imoto yonke). I-ATV zijongene nokufa kwabangu-74 kunye nokulimala kwama-37 000 e-US ngo-2008. I-AAP icebisa ukuba akukho mntwana ongaphantsi kwe-16 ehamba nge-ATV.
10. Khusela iindawo zokudlala ekhaya
Ukuba unendawo yokudlala yangasemva okanye izinto zokudlala, qinisekisa ukuba umhlaba ungaphantsi kweso sixhobo. Iintlobo ezenziwe ngekhonkrit, i-asphalt okanye ukungcola zinzima kakhulu kwaye azifumani umthelela othekileyo xa kwenzeka ukuwa. Endaweni yoko, i-CPSC isincoma ukusebenzisa ubuncinane ubuncinane bee-intshi ezili-9 zamatyeki okanye izikhuni zokhuni.