Kukho imimiselo emininzi ephathelene nokuphelisa, kwaye uyazi ezininzi zazo. Enye yeemigaqo abazali abaninzi abazi ukuba yiNgcaciso yoMbutho. Yiyiphi indlela yokuziphatha kwaye kutheni kukho iingxaki malunga neenguqu kule nkqubela njengoko kuhlobene nokutshatyalaliswa kwiminyaka yamuva? Fumana inkcazo yale ndlela kunye nemikhosi yangaphandle echaphazela ngayo le ngcaciso.
Inkcazo
Indlela yokuphila ibhekisela kwiminyaka yobude yobuntwaba ekunciphiseni kwexesha. Ukususela kuma-1900 eUnited States, kubonakala sengathi ukukhulelwa kubakho malunga neenyanga ezine ngasekupheleni kweyhumi elidlulayo. Isondlo sinokudlala indima ekubangela ukuba kwenzeke oku. Ukuqala kokutshatyalaliswa kwezizwe zaseNtshona ezifana ne-US, umzekelo, ngokuqhelekileyo iminyaka ephakamileyo kunokuba kuphuhliso kwilizwe.
Kodwa ngezinye iimeko, ubudala obunobungqina obuncinane, njengento yokuphuhlisa imfuyo eyenzeka kwiminyaka eneminyaka ezisixhenxe okanye abantwana abasesikolweni, zombini ezenzekile ngokwemibiko ka-2015 kwiScientific American.
Iingcali zenzululwazi zixubusha ukuba umgangatho welizwe uqhubeka uqhubeka. Abanye bathi indlela yokuphila isenokuthi yenzeke kwiminyaka yama-1970. Kukho ubungqina, nangona kunjalo, ukuba amantombazana okwangoku abhekene nokuphuhliswa kwebele kunye nezinye iimpawu zokubaluleka kwangaphambili kunokuba kusekupheleni kweminyaka eminyaka.
Ingaba iminyaka yobudala (i-menarche) iyaqhubeka nokunciphisa ihlala ixutyushwa.
Izizathu Zokubhubha Zenzeka Ngaphambili
Kukho izizathu ezibangela ukuba kusenokwenzeka ukuqala ukutshatyalaliswa kwangaphambili-kubandakanya ukukhuluphala, ukudibaniswa kwamahomoni kwizilwanyana kunye neekhemikhali ezinobunini kunye nemikhiqizo yobuhle. Izizathu zengqondo, ezifana nokungabikho kobawo okanye ukuhlangabezana nesiganeko esibuhlungu, nazo zithweswe uxanduva lokunciphisa umgangatho welizwe.
Emva kweminyaka yama-1970, izinga lokunyamezela kwabantwana alizange likhule nje kuphela kodwa ngoku liphindwe kathathu into ebeyisebenzisa. Ngowe-1980, umzekelo, iipesenti ezi-7 kuphela zabantwana zazinzima, kodwa namhlanje, malunga neepesenti ezingama-20 zabantwana zibhekwa njengezikhulu kakhulu.
Kutheni ukukhuluphala kukubangela ukuba ubusuku buveze ngaphambili? Impendulo ilula: Iifama ze-Fat zivelisa i-estrogen. Ngenxa yokuba i-estrogen inokukhawuleza ukutshatyalaliswa kwintsholongwane kwiigesi, amantombazana angaphezu komzimba kunye nokugqithiseleyo kunokwenzeka ukuba angaphantsi kwexesha lokutshatyalaliswa emncinci kunamantombazana angabonwa ngathi aphelile.
Nangona amantombazana kwiisisindo eziqhelekileyo aqala ukutshatyalaliswa kwangaphambili, nangona kunjalo. Abaphandi baye babeka ityala kwiimichiza ezibizwa ngokuba yi-endocrine. Imizekelo yabaphazamisi abanjalo iquka i-bisphenol-A, efumaneka kwiiplastiki, kwakunye neentraticides kunye ne-biphenyls ene-polychlorine. Bonke bayaziwa ukuba banefuthe elifana ne-estrogen emzimbeni.
Ininzi yokugxila ekufikeni kokuqala kwintsapho, kuhamba ngamantombazana, kodwa ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuba amakhwenkwe aqala ukutshatyalaliswa kwangaphambili. Kubonakala ngathi baqala inkqubo yokuvuthwa ngokwenyama emva kweenyanga ezintandathu ukuya kwimibini emibini ngaphambili kunokuba babekho emashumi embalwa edlulileyo.
Iziphumo
Indlela yokuphila ibalulekile kwimiphumo yezinto eziphilayo kunye nengqondo abazali abafanele bazi ngayo.
Ukuqala kobuntwaba kusondelelene nomhlaza kunye nezinye izifo.
Abantwana abanamava abaseneminyaka emininzi banokuba banokudandatheka ngenxa yokuba bengabonakalisa iimpawu zokukhula ngoxa bengasakhuli ngokomoya. Abadala kunye noontanga, nangona kunjalo, banokuphatha njengokuba bekhulile kuneyona nto. Ngaphezu koko, abantwana abafumana ubuntwaba baselula banokusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi kunye notywala okanye balala ngesini.
Imithombo:
Biro, uFrank M., et al. (2010). Indlela yovavanyo lokusasaza kunye neempawu ezisisiseko ekufundeni amantombazana. Pediatrics. Ibuyiswa ngo-Agasti 13, 2010:
UWalvoord, uEmily C. Ixesha lokukhulelwa komntwana: Ngaba liyatshintsha? Ingaba unomsebenzi? Umbhalo wezeMpilo yabantwana. 2010. 1-7.