I-Preeclampsia yinkinga yokukhulelwa echaphazela uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nezinye iimpawu, njengeprotheni emcinini. Amanye amagama ngenxa ye-preeclampsia ifaka i-toxemia, ukukhulelwa kwengcinezelo ye-hypertension (PIH) kunye ne-gestosis. I-Preeclampsia enye yeengxaki ezine ezinexinzelelo eziphezulu zokukhulelwa kwaye zinokuba nzima kakhulu kubafazi abakhulelweyo kunye neentsana zabo.
Ukuba unomfutho ophezulu wegazi ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwakho, ugqirha wakho uya kufuna ukufumana ukuba i-preeclampsia yimbangela.
Yintoni ebangela i-Preeclampsia?
Oogqirha abaqinisekanga oko kubangela i-preeclampsia. Ukubunjwa kunye nokufakelwa kwe-placenta kubonakala kuthatha indima, kodwa oku akusoloko kunjalo. Kukho abaninzi abafazi abanama-placentas abenza ngokuqhelekileyo abaphuhlise ingxaki, kwaye baninzi abafazi abanama-placentas abangenakulungileyo abaya kuba nokukhulelwa okunempilo.
Nangona oogqirha abazi nto ebangela i-preeclampsia, bayazi ukuba abanye abafazi basengozini enkulu kunabanye. Imiba yengozi iquka:
- Ukukhulelwa kokuqala
- Ukukhulelwa kwentsha
- Ukunyanya
- Ingozi ephezulu yengozi
- Sikashukela
- I-Twin / ukukhulelwa okubanzi
- Imbali yangaphambili ye-preeclampsia
- Ubudala bomama obudala
- Ukukhulelwa kweqanda
Ngenxa yokuba le mngcipheko ububanzi, oogqirha bavavanya bonke abafazi abakhulelwe ngemimiselo ye-preeclampsia ngokulinganisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokujonga umchamo ngeeprotheni, ngokuqhelekileyo emva kokuqeshwa komntwana.
I-Preeclampsia ichaphazela njani abafazi abakhulelweyo?
I-Preeclampsia iyisifo esingabangela ingozi enkulu, kunye nokufa, koomama kunye neentsana. Kwimeko apho i-preeclampsia ibonakala ibe mnene, ingaba yingozi kakhulu ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba une-preeclampsia, nokuba ngaba unempawu ezimbalwa, uhambo olutyelela ugqirha wakho lubaluleke kakhulu.
Isiqalo sokuqala esabonwa ngabantu abaninzi sisanda uxinzelelo lwegazi. Uxinzelelo lwegazi luvame ukuhla ebudeni be-trimester yokuqala, kufinyelela kwindawo ephantsi malunga neveki ezingama-24 ukuya kwimizuzu engama-22, kwaye ngokunyuka kwanda. Kubasetyhini abane-preeclampsia, uxinzelelo lwegazi luphuma ngaphezu kweqhelekileyo ngexesha lokugqibela lokukhulelwa.
Ngenxa yokuba i-preeclampsia ithinta amaninzi amanqanaba omzimba emzimbeni, ukwanda kwengcinezelo yegazi kukuphela kweempawu ezininzi ezikhoyo. Ezinye iimpawu ze-preeclampsia ziquka iprotheni eyandisiweyo kumchamo kunye nokuvuvukala okubanzi.
Kwamanye amabhinqa, i-preeclampsia iba nzima kakhulu. Iimpawu zokuba imeko iya kudla kakhulu kufuneka zixelelwe ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza kwaye zibandakanye:
- Ukunciphisa umchamo
- Inkathazo nombono
- Intlungu zesisu
- Intloko
- Isihlunu / ukuhlanza
- Ukuxhamla
I-preeclampsia engapheliyo ingakhokelela kwi-HELLP syndrome (i-multi-organ syndrome) okanye i- eclampsia (i-disorder disease). Ezi zombini iingxaki zibi kakhulu kwaye zingakhokelela ekufeni komama ukuba zingaphathwa ngokukhawuleza.
I-preeclampsia ithinta njani iintsana?
I-Preeclampsia ithinta iintsana ngokuyincitshiswa ngokunciphisa inani legazi eligeleza kwi-placenta. Ngenxa yokuba i-placenta ngumthombo wodwa wesondlo, oku kunokubangela ukuba abantwana bakwazi ukukhula kakubi, imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-intrauterine ukukhutshwa kwemingcele ( IUGR ).
Ukuba umntwana usakhula kakuhle okanye ukuba isifo sibeka ubomi bomama engozini, oogqirha banokugqiba isigqibo sokuba ukuhanjiswa kwangaphambili kwindlela ekhuselekileyo. Ukuba kukho ixesha kunye nosana luya kusasa kakhulu, oogqirha banokuphatha i-steroids kumama ukukhawuleza ukuphucula umntwana, okanye i-magnesium sulfate ukukhusela i-eclampsia kumama kunye nokukunceda ukukhusela ukukhubazeka kwe-cerebral.
Iingozi ezivela kwi-preterm delivery zixhomekeke kwiiyiphi iiveki zokubeleka komntwana ekuhanjisweni. I-preeclampsia ivame ukuba yenzeke ekupheleni kokukhulelwa, xa umntwana sele ekhula kwaye uza kuba nemiphumo emibi nje yokungcoliswa kwangaphambili .
Kwezinye iimeko, kunjalo, umntwana kufuneka akhululwe kakhulu ngaphambili kwaye abe nemicimbi enzulu yempilo. Ngaphambi kweeyure ezingama-23 ukuya kuma-24, isana sincinci ukuba siphile ngaphandle komama.
I-preeclampsia ithathwa njani?
Ukuba ukhulelwe kwaye unomfutho ophezulu wegazi obonakala unxulumene ne-preeclampsia, ugqirha wakho mhlawumbi ufuna ukukujonga ngokucophelele. Unokudinga ukucwangcisa ukuqeshwa kwamagqirha rhoqo, kwaye ugqirha wakho unokucela ukuba uqoke umchamo wakho ngeeyure eziyi-12 okanye ezingama-24 ukulinganisa iprotheni yayo yonke.
Ukuba unemiqondiso ye-preeclampsia enzima okanye eyandayo, unokufuna ukubonwa okanye unyango esibhedlele. Uza kujongwa ngempawu ze-HELLP syndrome okanye i-eclampsia, kwaye impilo yakho kunye nokukhula komntwana wakho kuya kuhlolwa.
Unyango lwe-preeclampsia luyakwazi ukulungisa kuphela iimpawu, kungekhona i-disorder ngokwayo, kwaye zibandakanya amayeza ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye ne-magnesium sulfate ukukhusela ukuxhatshazwa. Ugqirha wakho unokunika iyeza lokunyanga lwegazi ukuze uthathe ekhaya, kodwa i-magnesium sulfate kufuneka inikwe esibhedlele.
Nangona amayeza anganciphisa iimpawu, ayiyi kuphilisa i-disorder. Ukuphela kwonyango ye-preeclampsia ukuhanjiswa kwengane. Xa umntwana kunye ne-placenta sele ihanjiswe, umama uya kubuya. Ukubuyiselwa akukhawulezi, kwaye umama unokufuna ukuba esibhedlele iintsuku eziliqela okanye kwiiveki ade abuye aphile ngokupheleleyo.
Ndingayinqanda njani i-Preeclampsia?
Ngelishwa, akukho ndlela yokukhusela i-100% yamatyala e-preeclampsia. Izifundo zibonise ukuba ukuxhaswa kwe-calcium okanye i-aspirin ye-dose ephantsi kunokunceda abanye abasetyhini kwiimeko ezithile, kodwa akwanele ukuba bacebise bonke abafazi abakhulelweyo.
Ukuqala indlela yokuphila enempilo kunokukunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko we-preeclampsia. Ukuzivocavoca rhoqo kunye nokutya okuninzi kwimifuno kunye nokutya okuphantsi okuye kwacetyiswa kuye kwaboniswa ukunciphisa iziganeko zengxaki yabasetyhini abathile. Ukuzivocavoca kunye nokutya okunempilo kunokukunceda ukulawula ukukhuluphala, ingozi engapheliyo kunye nesifo sikashukela, okuyiyo yonke into engozi yobungozi be-preeclampsia.
Imithombo:
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ULindheimer, M., Taler, S., uCunningham, G. "I-ASH Isikhundla Isihloko: I-Hypertension in Pregnancy." Umbhalo we-American Society of Hypertension 2008: 2, 484-494.
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