Umngcipheko wokukhulelwa kwezifo ezithathelwana ngesondo
Ukufumana isifo sobulwelwe ngesondo (STD) ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunokuvelisa ingozi yokukhulelwa kwesisu, ukuzala , ukuhanjiswa kwangaphambili kunye nezinye iingxaki. Ngaphandle kokonyango, unako ukusulela usulelo lwakho kumntwana wakho kwisibeleko okanye ngexesha lokubanjwa. Ubungozi obuchanekileyo buhluka ngohlobo lwe-STD kunye nendlela ekulawulwa ngayo ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kunye nezinye izinto.
Ukuba unayo i-STD, okanye ukuba unenkxalabo yokuba, unokuthetha nomboneleli wezempilo. Ngonyango olufanelekileyo, ii-STD zingalawulwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa ukunciphisa okanye ukuphelisa ingozi.
Funda ukufunda malunga nemiphumo ye-STD efana ne-syphilis, i-gonorrhea, i-herpes, i-hepatitis, kunye ne-bacterial vaginosis kwiingozi zokukhulelwa.
I-Syphilis kunye neengozi yokutshatyalaliswa komtshato
Bonke abafazi bafanele bavavanywe nge-syphilis ngexesha lokukhulelwa (uvavanyo lweVDRL) kuba lunokuba neziphumo ezibi kakhulu ekukhulelweni nasaneni. I-Syphilis ikwandisa umngcipheko:
- Ukutshatyalaliswa
- Ukubeleka
- Ukufa kwintsana emva kokuzalwa
Abafazi abakhulelwe abane-syphilis baphathwa nge-penicillin ukukhusela ukudluliselwa komama kumntwana we STD.
Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba kukho izigaba ezininzi zokufumana i-syphilis, kwaye umfazi akanako ukuba uyazi ukuba unesifo.
HIV kunye nokukhulelwa
Intsholongwane kaGawulayo, intsholongwane ebangela i-AIDS, inokukhokelela ekuphumuleni kokusweleka komzimba nokusabalalisa , kodwa ngokugqithiseleyo kukuba inkathalo ingahanjiswa kwintsana.
Kwixesha elidlulileyo, unina olindelekileyo unentsholongwane kaGawulayo wayenomngcipheko omkhulu wokudlulisela intsholongwane yakhe kwintsana ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye umsebenzi. Kodwa ngamachiza asebenzayo namhlanje, abafazi abane-HIV abaphathwa kakuhle baphelelwa ithuba lokuthintela ukusulelwa kwe-HIV kumama ukuya kwabantwana. Ukusetyenziswa kweyeza-antiretroviral (ART) ngoku kunokukhusela ukusasaza malunga neepesenti ezingama-98 zexesha.
Bonke abafazi bafanele bavavanyelwe i-HIV ekukhulelweni kokuqala kungakhathaliseki ukuba banobungozi. Iziphumo zokukhulelwa zilungele ukuba ngaba i-HIV yesetyhini ilawulwa kakuhle ngeyeza lokubulala unqulo lwamayeza ngenkathi ithwele umntwana wayo.
I-Viral Hepatitis
Umngcipheko we-viral hepatitis ngexesha lokukhulelwa lihluka ngohlobo lwe-hepatitis. Iintlobo zentsholongwane eziqhelekileyo e-US azinyuselanga umngcipheko wokukhulelwa komzimba , kodwa i-hepatitis yentsholongwane kumama ingabangela ingozi yintsana xa ithe yafumana intsholongwane kwisibeleko okanye ngexesha lokubanjwa.
I-Hepatitis B kwaye, ngokungaphantsi kakhulu, i-hepatitis C ingadluliselwa ukusuka kumama ukuya kwiintsana ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ngenxa yokukhathazeka kwezempilo, zonke iintsana kufuneka zigonywe kwi-hepatitis B , kungakhathaliseki ukuba unomama owaziwayo ukuba unesifo. Iintsana ezizalelwe oomama abane-hepatitis B kufuneka zifumane i-vaccine kwisithuba seeyure ezili-12 zokuzalwa, kunye neyeza elibizwa ngokuba ngumzimba we-immune globulin, ukukhusela ukusuleleka kwe-hepatitis.
Ukusuleleka kwe-hepatitis B engapheliyo kungeyona nto ibangela iimpawu kwiintsana, kodwa izifo ezingasasigxina zangexesha elide ziyimbangela ebalulekileyo ye-cirrhosis kunye nomhlaza wesibindi.
Herpes
I-genital herpes inomngcipheko woku:
- Ukutshatyalaliswa komtshato - Akuqinisekanga ukuba yintoni inxaxheba kwi-herpes yesini somzimba ekuphumuleni , kodwa abasetyhini abaye bafumana ukukhulelwa kwamathuba aphindaphindiweyo banokubakho ubungqina bentsholongwane kunabasetyhini abangenayo imithwalo engaphantsi.
- Ukuzalwa kwangaphambili
- Ukutshintshwa koomama kumntwana ukusuleleka
Iintsana ziyakwazi ukufumana i-herpes kumama ukuba unesivumelwano sokusuleleka ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye ukuba izilonda ezisebenzayo zikhona ngexesha lokuzalwa kwaye umntwana uhanjelwa ngesondo.
Ukuba unayo i-herpes yomzimba, unokumiselwa unyango lwe-antivirale okuthiwa yi-Zovirax® Injection (i-acycloguanosine) ngenyanga yakho yokugqibela yokukhulelwa ukukhusela ukuqhawuka kwexesha eliza kuzalwa ngalo umntwana wakho.
Oomama abanesilonda esisebenzayo badla ngokufuneka bakhuphe kwicandelo leC-c ukuphepha umngcipheko wokuthunyelwa komntwana.
Funda kabanzi malunga nendlela yokuphatha i-herpes ngexesha lokukhulelwa .
IBacterial Vaginosis
I-bacterium vaginosis (BV) isifo sobhinqa obangelwa kukugqithiswa kweentlobo ezithile zeebhaktheriya. Akuyiyo ngqo i-STD, kodwa inxulumene nokuba namaqabane amaninzi esondo okanye nokuba neqabane elitsha. (Kwakhona iphakamisa amathuba okuthengisa ii-STD ezithile.) I-bacterium vaginosis yandisa umngcipheko weengxaki zokukhupha eziquka:
- Ukuzalwa kwangaphambili
- Iintsana zokuzala eziphantsi
Ngethamsanqa, i-BV iphathwa ngokukhawuleza xa ukhulelwe ngamayeza. I-BV ayinxalenye yolu vavanyo oluqhelekileyo lwangaphambi kokubeletha, ngoko xelela ugqirha ukuba unakho iimpawu. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka "ukungcola" okumnandi kunye nokutshisa okanye ukutshisa i-labia.
Gonorrhea
I-gonorrhea engabonakaliyo yandisa umngcipheko weengxaki ezininzi zokukhulelwa:
- Ukutshatyalaliswa
- Izifo ezivuthayo zepelvic (PID) - I-PID, nayo, ingakhokelela kumonakalo wezigulane ze-fallopian, ukukhulelwa kwe-ectopic kunye neengxaki zokuzala
- Ukuqhekeka kwangaphambili kweembrane
- Ukuzalwa kwangaphambili
- Usuleleka kwisibeleko emva kokuba umntwana azalwe
Ukuba i-gonorrhea idluliselwa kwintsana ngexesha lokuzalwa, ingabangela ukusuleleka kwingozi.
Ugqirha wakho uya kukukhangela i-gonorrhea ngexesha lokutyelela kwangaphambili. I-antibiotics inokusombulula usulelo ukuba lukhona.
Ezinye ze-STD kunye nokukhulelwa
Izifo ze-STD ezibhalwe apha azizona kuphela eziza kubangela iingxaki zokukhulelwa. Izifo ezibandakanya i-Chlamydia kunye nezinye zingabangela iingxaki. Ukuba unayo i-STD okanye uzive usemngciphekweni, xela ugqirha wakho, kwaye ubuze ukuba ufuna iimvavanyo ezingaphezulu.
Imithombo:
UAmbia, J., noJ. Mandala. Ukuphononongwa ngokuSingqinisiso koNcedo lokuPhucula ukuKhuselwa kweNkxaso yeNkonzo yokuThuthukiswa kweNtsholongwane kaGawulayo kunye nokukhuthaza ukugcinwa. Umbhalo we-International AIDS Society . 2016. 19 (1): 20309.
Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo. Ii-STD ngexesha lokukhulelwa - i-CDC Fact Sheet (Inkcukacha). Ukuhlaziywa 02/11/16. https://www.cdc.gov/std/pregnancy/stdfact-pregnancy-detailed.htm
Rac, M., Revell, P., kunye no-C. Eppes. I-Syphilis Ngethuba lokukhulelwa: Umngcipheko okhuselekileyo kwiMpilo yabantwana baseMantal-Fetal. I-American Journal ye-Obstetrics ne-Gynecology . 2016 Dec 9. (Epub ngaphambi kokuprinta).