Ukubeletha umntwana osweleyo kukuloyiko lwabasetyhini abaninzi abakhulelweyo. Xa kwenzeka, kuyinto engokwemvelo ukufuna ukuqonda oko kubangele ukuzala. Ngelishwa, ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha abanayo impendulo yalo mbuzo. Olunye uphando lwafumanisa ukuba malunga nekota enye yesibini , ayikho into eyaziwayo okanye enokwenzeka.
Ukuzalwa kwesibeleko kubangelwa ukutshintsha kuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yobudala, kwaye ukungazalanga ngokungaqhelekanga kubonakala ngokuqhelekileyo ekupheleni kokukhulelwa. Ukuphonononga izizathu eziqhelekileyo ezingabangela ukulahleka kokukhulelwa emva kweeveki ezingama-20.
I-Chromosomal engafanelekiyo kunye nokuLawulwa koNzala ku-Stillbirths
Njengoko i-chromosomal engafanelekanga ibangela uninzi lwezinto ezilahlekileyo , ezinye iingxaki ze-chromosomal kunye neziphene zokuzalwa zingandisa ingozi yokuba umntwana uza kuzalwa. Ngokwe-Matshi ye-Dimes, iziphene zokuzalwa zizinto ezimalunga nama-14 ekhulwini.
I-Chromosomal engafanelekanga ijwayele ukuqalwa ekukhulelwe, kodwa ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa kunokubangelwa yimpembelelo yokusingqongileyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Umzekelo, amanqanaba aphantsi e-folic acid- isisombululo esibalulekileyo esitholakala kwiimbewu eziqingqiweyo kunye nemifuno eluhlaza-engapheliyo-inokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba usana oluchaphazelekayo ngenxa yeziphene ze-neural njenge- anencephaly , engahambelani nobomi.
Ukuthintela ukukhula kwe-Intrauterine
Umngcipheko wokukhula kwe-intrauterine (IUGR) yimeko apho umntwana uncinci kakhulu kunokuba kulindeleke ukuba inani leveki zokukhulelwa. Kwiimeko ezinzima, le meko ingabangela ukuzala okanye ukunyuka kwengozi yokulahleka, mhlawumbi ngenxa yokuba umntwana engenako oksijini okanye ezinye izondlo ezibalulekileyo.
Iimeko zempilo zikamama kunye nendlela yokuphila inokunyusa umngcipheko wokukhutshwa kwe-intrauterine , kunye noogqirha kwiinkcukacha ngexesha leengxaki zokubeleka. Eminye imingcipheko ethile i-preeclampsia, ukukhulelwa-kubangele uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, nokutshaya ukukhulelwa .
Njengengxenye yokunakekelwa kokubeleka komntwana, oogqirha baqwalasela ukukhula komntwana ukuze banethuba elihle lokungenelela ukuba umntwana ubonakala esemngciphekweni.
Ukuphazamiseka kwePlacental kunye nezinye iiNkcazo zokuVikela
Ukuphazamiseka kwe-Placental yimeko apho i-placenta ihlukana ngokukhawuleza eludongeni lwesisu ngexesha lokukhulelwa ngelixa umntwana esesesibelethweni.
Oku kunokwenzeka ngenxa yeemeko zempilo zomama, ukuxhwaleka kwesisu esiswini emva kokukhulelwa, okanye ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa kwisibeleko somama. Izinto ezithile zokuphila, ezifana nokutshaya okanye ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi, kunokunyusa ingozi.
Iimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwamaplanga zibandakanya intlungu yesisu , ukuchithwa, kunye nokuphuma kwegazi. Naliphi na umfazi oxhalabileyo malunga nemeko kufuneka abone ugqirha ngokukhawuleza.
Ezinye iingxaki ezinobunzima, ezinjengeendlela ezininzi zokubeletha kunye nokuzalwa kwangaphambi kokuzalwa, nazo zizinto kwezinye izinto zokuzalwa.
Izifo
Ezinye iintsholongwane ze-bacterial and viral , eziquka izifo ezithathelwana ngesondo (STD), xa ukhulelwe, zinokunyusa umngcipheko wokuzala. Izifo ziyimpawu kwi-10 ukuya kwi-25 ekhulwini zeezinzala.
Ingozi ye-Umbilical Accidents
Iingozi zentambo ngexesha lokukhulelwa, njengentambo eqinile entanyeni okanye intambo ibe yomelele kakhulu enxibe entanyeni yentsana, ayinqabile. Nangona kunjalo, ngo-Matshi we-Dimes, izingozi zentambo engapheliyo zidlala indima malunga nama-10 ekhulwini.
Ezinye Iibangela Zobunzima
Ezinye izinto ezininzi zingabangela ukubeleka, nangona ezi ziimeko zihamba phambili. Nazi imimiselo emithathu:
- Ixinzelelo lomzimba. Izingozi ekukhulelweni emva koko, njengengozi yemoto okanye ukuwa phantsi kwezitebhisi, kunokubangela ukuzala.
- Ukukhulelwa kwangaphambili kudlulileyo umhla. Izifundo zibonisa ukuba ukukhulelwa kweeveki ezingama- 42 ezedlulileyo kunomngcipheko ophezulu wokubeleka , mhlawumbi ngenxa yepentecenta yokulahlekelwa amandla okuxhasa umntwana. Oogqirha badla ngokucetyiswa ukunciphisa abasebenzi ekukhulelwe kwesi sizathu.
- Iingxaki zonyango zoMama: Iziphazamiso zokuvala kunye neemeko ezithile ezizimeleyo ezifana ne-lupus zingaba yimbangela yokuzala.
> Imithombo:
> Michels TC, Tiu AY. I-Trimester Yokukhulelwa Kwesibini. I-Phys Physician . 2007 Nov 1; 76 (9): 1341-46.
> Ukubeleka. Matshi weDimes. http://www.marchofdimes.org/complications/stillbirth.aspx.
> Iqela lokuBhala loLwazi lokuBambisana loNxibelelwano lwangaphandle. Izizathu Zokufa Phakathi KweSbirbirths. JAMA . NgoDisemba ka-14; 306 (22): 2459-68.