Isisindo sokuzalwa kunye ne-steroids sichaphazela iingxaki zokuhlala
Abasetyhini abaninzi, ngakumbi abo baxhalabileyo emva kokulahlekelwa kwexesha elidlulileyo, baphefumle ukuxhamla emva kokukhulelwa kufinyelela kwindawo apho umntwana uya kukwazi ukusinda xa ezalwa ngokukhawuleza. Ukucacisa ukuba loo mhla inzima kwaye ezininzi izinto zithintela ukusinda kwintsana ngaphambi kokuba kuzalwe kunye nokuba kungenzeka ukukhubazeka okanye ukukhubazeka emva kokuzalwa.
Ubudala bokuPhatha
Ngokunyanisekileyo, oogqirha abaninzi bachaza ubudala bokuphila ngokumalunga neveki ezingama-24 zesisu .
Kwizibhedlele ezininzi, iiveki ezingama-24 yiyona nto yokukhupha xa oogqirha beza kusebenzisa ukungenelela okunzulu kwezonyango ukuze bazame ukugcina ubomi bomntwana ozalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Umntwana ozalwe kwiiveki ezingama-24 ngokubanzi uza kufuna ukungenelela okuninzi, okunokwenzeka ukuquka ukungena kwemishini kunye nezinye iindlela zokunyanga ezilandelelanayo zilandelwa ukuhlala ixesha elide kwinqununu yokunakekelwa kwe-NICU .
Kwizandla zeengcali ezinamava, iintsana ezelwe kancinci ngaphambili zingenalo ithuba lokuphila. Iintsana ezizalwe kwiiveki ezingama-23 zingaphila kwi-NICU yezobugcisa, kodwa iingxaki zokusinda ziphantsi.
Iingxaki zokunyuka komzimba njengoko ukhulelwe, kwaye kwaneveki eyongezelelweyo kwisibeleko kunokukwenza umehluko. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iintsana eziza kusengaphambili ziza kufikelela kwiiveki ezingama-37 ziya kuba ngcono kunezo zazalwa ngaphambi kweiveki ezingama-28.
Izinto ezichaphazela ukusinda
Izinto ezininzi zingadlala nokuba ingaba umntwana uya kusinda ngaphambi kokuba azalwe, kubandakanya ukuzalwa komntwana.
Isisindo sokuzalwa esincinane sidibene ngokuzimelela kwiingxaki ezincitshiswayo zokusinda kunye nomngcipheko ophezulu wokukhubazeka kunye neengxaki zempilo.
Ukongezelela, ukuba ukuzalwa kwasekuqaleni kubangelwe kwi-induction okanye kwicandelo le-C ngenxa yemeko yezokwelapha, ezifana nokuphazamiseka kwepenental okanye ukunyanzelwa kwe-oksijini phambi kokunikezelwa, loo mqathango inokuchaphazela impilo yengane kunye nokuphila.
Enye into yokuba ingaba oogqirha babe nexesha ngaphambi kokuba bazalwe ukunyanga umntwana kunye ne-steroids ukukhawuleza uphuhliso lwemiphunga. Umama ufumana i-steroids, leyo idlula kwi-placenta ukuya kumntwana. Umntwana osengaphambi kwangoko olashwe nge-steroids ngaphambi kokuba azalwe kunokwenzeka ukuba aphile kunokuba umntwana ozelwe engalindelekanga. I-steroids ingenza umehluko nokuba okanye umntwana akakwazi ukuphefumula ngaphandle kwesibeleko.
Kwakhona kufanelekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba amantombazana angaphila kakhulu ekuzalweni kwangaphambi kokuzalwa kwangaphambili, njengokuba iintsana ezizalwe kwi-singleton kunokuba zikhulelwe kaninzi .
Ukusinda kweeNkcukacha
Ngokusekelwe kwingcaciso evela kwi-Quint Boenker Preemie Survival Foundation kunye noMatshi weDimes, nangobu bungqina bokusinda komntwana ozelwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ezi pesenti zibalo kwaye aziqikelelanga ukusinda komntwana ngamnye.
| Ubude bokukhulelwa | Ubunzima bokusinda |
| Iiveki ezingama-23 | 17 ekhulwini |
| Iiveki ezingama-24 | 39 ekhulwini |
| Iiveki ezingama-25 | 50 ekhulwini |
| Iiveki ezingama-26 | 80 ekhulwini |
| Iiveki ezingama-27 | 90 ekhulwini |
| Iiveki ezingama-28 ukuya kwe-31 | 90 ukuya kuma-95 ekhulwini |
| 32 ukuya kwiiveki ezingama-33 | 95 ekhulwini |
| Iiveki ezingama-34 | Phantse njengokuba usana olupheleleyo lwexesha |
| Imithombo: Matshi weDeses, i-Quint Boenker Preemie Survival Foundation | |
Ingozi yokukhubazeka
Ukongeza kwengozi yokufa, iintsana ezizalwe ngokukhawuleza zinokujamelana neemeko eziphezulu zokuba neqondo lokukhubazeka okanye ukukhubazeka okuphuhlisayo, kodwa ubunzima bokukhubazeka okanye ukukhubazeka bunokuhluka kakhulu.
Oku kunokuxhomekeka kwiimeko ezininzi, kubandakanywa nemfuno kunye neentlobo zonyango olwalufunyenwe kwixesha elifutshane lexesha lokuzalwa. Unyango olungakumbi, ngamanye amaxesha unomngcipheko wezinto ezi zinto zincinci kwaye zincinci.
Ngokwenene, yona kanye inkqubo yokugcina ubomi iyakwazi ukunciphisa amandla abo abantwana xa bekhula. Kukunzima ukuxelela ukuba ziphi iintsana eziza kuba neengxaki kunye nendlela ezinzima ngayo ezi ngxaki ziya kuba kamva ebomini.
Kwiintsuku ezingama-26 zeveki, malunga neepesenti ezingama-20 zazo aziyi kuba neengxaki zexesha elide. Okushiya malunga neepesenti ezingama-80 ngeendlela ezithile zophuhliso okanye ingxaki ebomini ebomini babo.
Phantse iipesenti ezingama-34 zeintsana ezizalwe kwiimpawu zeeveki ezingama-26 ziya kuba nokukhubazeka. Ukukhubazeka kancinci kuchazwa njengento efana nokubona okufutshane okanye ukukhubazeka kwengqondo encinci. Kule nxalenye, unokubona ukuba kukho uluhlu olubanzi lweengxaki ezinokuba nazo.
Amashumi amabini anesine eesana ezizalwe kwiimpawu zeeveki ezingama-26 ziya kuba nokukhubazeka okulinganayo. Ukukhubazeka okucokisekileyo kubandakanya iingxaki ezifana nokukhubazeka okubonakalayo / ukuvalelwa kwintlungu okanye ukukhubazeka kwe-cerebral ngokukwazi ukuhamba. I-cerebral palsy kwaye ngokwayo ingatshintsha ngokubanzi ukusuka kumntu ukuya kumntu. Ukungenelela kwangaphambili kunokukunceda ekukhuseleni okanye ekunciphiseni ezinye iimpawu.
Iipesenti ezingama-22 eziseleyo ziya kuba nokukhubazeka okukhulu. Oku kungabandakanya ubufama okanye isithulu. Ingabandakanya nokukhubazeka kwe-cerebral ngaphandle kokukwazi ukuhamba. Oku kuqhelekileyo oko abantu bacinga xa bejonga ukukhubazeka okuphuhlisayo emva kokuzalwa kokuqala.
Iintsana ezizalwe ebusweni bokuqala zibeka ingozi yokufunda ukukhubazeka kunye nezinye iingxaki, kodwa iingxaki ezithile zeengxaki zihluka ngokuxhomekeka kwiimeko ezinjengobukhulu bokuzalwa nokuba nokuba akukho nto ifunyanwa yi-oxygen ngaphambi kokuzalwa.
Oku kuyinyaniso nakwiintsana ongeke uzinze njenge-preterm, kuquka abo bazalwa ekuqaleni kwexesha. Ingqondo yengane iqhubela phambili ukukhula kunye nophuhliso kwiiveki zokugqibela zokukhulelwa.
Ukuba ulindele ukuhambisa umntwana osengaphambili, xela kwangaphambili kunye noogqirha abaya kukunyamekela umntwana wakho malunga naluphi uhlobo lokuvuselela oza kulufuna umntwana wakho ekudala.
Yintoni enokuxoxa ngayo noDokotela wakho
Njengoko ubona, kuninzi ngakumbi ukuxoxa xa kuza ukuzalwa ngaphambi kokuzalwa. Akunjalo nje ingxoxo malunga nokuba umntwana usinda ekuzalweni, kodwa ngaba zeziphi iziphumo ezide zolu ngane. Ukuba umntwana wakho wazalwa kungekudala okanye ulindele ukuba umntwana wakho azalwe kungekudala, qi niseka ukuba uthethe ixesha elide kunye nodokotela wengane yakho ngoko ulungele ngokunokwenzeka.
Kukho uluhlu oluninzi lwezinto ezinokuthi zizodwa kwiimeko ezikhoyo. Imibuzo yokuqwalasela ukucela iquka:
- Ubani ubudala bexesha lobubele apho umntwana wam (okanye uya kuzalwa)?
- Ingaba intswelo ye-oksijini yayingabikho ngaphambi kokuzalwa? Ziziphi iziphumo ezilindelekileyo zaloo nto? Ziziphi iimvavanyo ezazisetyenziswa ukujonga ubunzima?
- Ziziphi iintlobo zongenelelo ezisetyenzisiweyo okanye ziya kusetyenziswa ekunyamekeleni kwam umntwana? Ziziphi iingozi kunye neenzuzo zolu hlobo lwezo zonyango? Ziziphi ezinye iindlela?
- Ziziphi iingxaki kufuneka ndizibukele emva kokukhutshwa? Ngonyaka wokuqala? Xa umntwana wam qalisa isikolo?
- Luhlobo luni lokulandelelana lwam umntwana oluza kulufuna? Ngaba kukho inkqubo yokungenelela kwangaphambili?
> Imithombo:
> Iphepha leNkcazo: Ukuzalwa kwangaphambili. Matshi weDimes. https://www.marchofdimes.org/complications/premature-babies.aspx.
> I-Glass HC, i-Costarino AT, i-Stayer SA, uBrett CM, uCladis F, uDavis PJ. Iziphumo zeintsana ezinqabile kakhulu. Anesthesia & Analgesia . 2015; 120 (6): 1337-1351. i-doi: 10.1213 / ane.0000000000000705.
> Izibalo zokuzalwa kwangaphambili. I-Quint Boenker Preemie Survival Foundation. http://www.preemiesurvival.org/info/index.html.