Izikhokelo eziqinileyo zikhoyo ukukhusela i-diagnosticosis
Nangona iqondo lokukhulelwa okukhuselekileyo kwaye lingenakuvakalayo kulula ukuliqonda, lilawulwa ngcaciso engqongqo kunokuba umntu angacinga.
Ukususela kwimbono yekliniki, ukukhulelwa okusemthethweni yinto apho umntwana angazalwa khona kwaye anethuba elifanelekileyo lokuphila. Ngokwahlukileyo, ukukhulelwa okungabonakaliyo yinto apho umntwana okanye umntwana engenalo ithuba lokuzalwa ephila.
Iingcaciso zenzelwe ukukhusela ukupheliswa kokukhulelwa ukuba, eneneni, kukho na amanyathelo afanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba usana lusinda.
Kule nkcazo ebanzi, elinye igama elivulelwe ukutolika, eqinisweni, "liqiqa." Yintoni eyenza "ingqiqo" ngaphakathi kwimeko yokukhulelwa? Kwaye, ingcaciso echanekileyo okanye enye ingatshintshwa ngugqirha, isibhedlele, isigaba sokukhulelwa, okanye kwanomvuzo?
Umbuzo malunga nabapolisi abanenjongo yokubonelela ngokucacileyo, kungekhona kuphela kwimilinganiselo yokuziphatha kunye nomthetho kodwa ukunika abazali isiqinisekiso sokuba baye benza ukhetho olufanelekileyo ngokusekelwe ubunzima bobugqirha bonyango.
Iimbangela zoKhulelwa okungabonakaliyo
Ukususela kwimbono yokuxilonga, ukungabikho mthethweni akunakuthetha ithuba elincinane kodwa akukho nethuba lokusinda. Kukho izizathu eziqhelekileyo zezi zinto. Phakathi kwabo:
- Ukukhulelwa kwe-Molar apho iqanda elinomsolo elingenako ukufaka izilwanyana kwi-uterus
- Ukukhulelwa kwe-Ectopic apho iziqanda ezichumayo zifakwe ngaphandle kwesibeleko
- Ukukhulelwa kweekhemikhali apho iqanda litsalwa khona kodwa alizange lifake kwisisu
- I-Anembryonic gestation , eyaziwa nangokuthi i-ovum enefuthe, apho ukukhulelwa kuyeka ukukhula emva kweefom
- Ukukhulelwa apho umntwana engasenayo intliziyo
- Iphutha lesisu elibangela ukuba usinde
- Ukuzalwa ngokukhawuleza ukuze ukwazi ukuphila
Ngokuzalwa kwangaphambi kokuzalwa, ezininzi izibhedlele zaseUnited States zikhangeleka ngokubonakalayo kwimeko yokuba i-preemie inekamva elithile lokuphila. Ukuthetha ngokusemgangathweni, umgca ukhankanywe malunga neveki yama - 24 yesigxina .
Ukuthetha ngesitatimende, iipesenti ezingama-80 zeentsana ezizalwe kwiiveki ezingama-26 kunye neepesenti ezingama-90 ezizalwe kwiiveki ezingama-27 ziya kuphila, nangona zihlala zihlala ixesha elide kwi-unit nondus care (i-NICU). Lelo nani lihla kakhulu xa umntwana ezalwa ngaphambi kweveki ezingama-26.
Ukuqulunqwa koLwazi
Ngaphandle kokuzalwa kwangaphambi kokuqala, inhlangano ebizwa ngokuba nguMbutho weeRadiologists kwi-Ultrasound (SRU) sele iqulunqwe isicwangciso esicacisiweyo seendlela zokuqinisekisa ukungaqiniseki. Ukuzimisela kuthathelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba ababoneleli abakwenzi ngokukhawuleza ekupheliseni ukukhulelwa okusemandleni.
Ukusebenzisa i-ultrasound, ukukhulelwa kunokubhengezwa ngokungenakukwazi ukuxhomekeka kwimiqathango elandelayo:
- Xa umntwana engenayo intliziyo kunye ne- crown-to-break long length of seven millimeters okanye ngaphezulu
- Xa isikhwama sokugaya singenayo imbungu kodwa siba nobubanzi besigidi sama-25mitha okanye ngaphezulu
- Ukuba isikhwama somzimba esingenayo i-yolk sac siyabonwa kwi-scan kodwa, emva kweeveki ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu, akukho mntwana onesibindi (oku kuthetha ukukhulelwa kuye kwayeka ukuqhubeka)
- Ukuba isikhwama sokugcoba esine-yolk sac sigqitywa kwi-scan kodwa, emva kweentsuku ezili-11 okanye ngaphezulu, kukho kwakhona, akukho mntwana onesifo
Ukongezelela, ngokwemiqathango ye-SRU, ukukhulelwa kuya kuqwalaselwa kwaye kuyadingeka uphando olongezelelweyo olusekelwe kule miqathango elandelayo:
- Akukho ntliziyo kunye nentsimbi yesithsaba-inyawo-engaphantsi kwama-millimitha angama-7
- Ayikho imbryo kunye nesigxina sesigxobo sesigxobo se-16 ukuya kuma-24
- Ukuba isikhwama sokugaya ngaphandle kwesikhwama se-yolk siyabonwa kodwa, iintsuku ezisixhenxe ukuya kwi-13 kamva, akukho mntwana onesibindi
- Ukuba isikhwama sokugcoba esine-yolk sac sigcinwa kodwa, emva kweentsuku ezisixhenxe ukuya kwi-10 kamva, akukho mntwana onesibindi
- Ukungabikho kwembungu emithandathu okanye ngaphezulu kweeveki emva kokugqibela kokuya esikhathini
- I-amnion engenanto (i-membrane yayenzelwe ukujikeleza imbungu)
- I-yolk eyandisiweyo yesikhulu esingaphaya kwama-millimeters asixhenxe
- Isangxobo esincinci esincinci se-gestational inxulumene nombungu (ngaphantsi kwama-millimeters umahluko phakathi kwe-sac diameter kunye ne-crown-to-rump length)
Igama elivela kwi-Verywell
Injongo yezikhokelo ze-SRU kukuthintela ukuphazamiseka okungahambi kakuhle kokukhulelwa okufanelekileyo. Kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule, nangona kunjalo, ukuba "kusebenza" akuthethi ukuba uphelele kwimpilo epheleleyo. Kwezinye iimeko, umntwana usenokukwazi ukusinda ngaphandle kwesibeleko kodwa uza kufuna ukungenelela ngoncedo lwezexesha elide lokusebenza kwiindlela eziphambili.
Oku kunjalo, yinto engavumelekanga kodwa enye ibonisa ukubaluleka kokuqonda okupheleleyo kwabazali kunye negalelo ngamanye amaxesha apho ukufaneleka kungabikho ngaphantsi kwezinto ezithile. Ugqirha wakho unokukucebisa, kodwa wena nje ngabazali unako ukugqiba ukuba yiyiphi indlela efanelekileyo kakhulu yokuthanda umntwana wakho.
> Umthombo:
> Doubilet, P .; Benson, C; Bourne, T. et al. Inkqubo yokuxilonga yokukhulelwa okungenakulinganiswa ekuqaleni kwekota yokuqala. " N Engl J Med . 2013; 369 (15): 1443-51. INGXELO: 10.1056 / NEJMra1302417.