Ingakanani ixesha elixhasayo ngabantwana kwiSuku lweSikolo

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Ixesha elichithwe ngomsebenzi wesikolo

Lilixesha elingakanani usuku ngalunye oluchanekileyo ngomsebenzi wesikolo? Umgaqo oqhelekileyo wesithupha phakathi kwabafundisi yimaminithi elishumi ngalinye kwibanga. Lo mgaqo wezithupha usuke ujikeleze amashumi eminyaka kodwa ufumene umgaqo xa ukuhlaziywa nguHarris Cooper waseDuke University kukucebisa ukuba imizuzu eyi-10 ngeli nqanaba leyona ndlela iyona nto ibhetele.

Le mali ingahluka ngokuphawulekayo. Kuxhomekeke kumgaqo wesikolo wesikolo somntwana wesikolo sakho, ifilosofi yesititshala eyabelwe, kunye nohlobo lwenkqubela yakho umntwana ethatha.

Lindela umsebenzi wesikolo ongaphantsi kwezikolo ezinokugxininisa izandla. Abanye ootitshala bayenqaba ukwenza umsebenzi wesikolo ngaphandle kokuba babone isidingo esinamandla sokwenza umsebenzi ekhaya, kwaye abayi kubanika umsebenzi wesikolo rhoqo.

Unokulindela umsebenzi wesikolo ophezulu ezikolweni ezijolise ekusebenzeni ngokuqhelekileyo okanye "ukuqhuma" amagumbi okufundela apho abantwana bahlakulela izinto ezintsha ekhaya kunye nokusebenzisa izakhono esikolweni apho bajongwa khona. Ngenye ixesha unokulindela umsebenzi wesikolo ophezulu kwiiklasi ezisezingeni eliphambili, njengalezo ezinikezela ngekhredithi kwikholeji kubafundi bezikolo eziphakamileyo.

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Ixesha Lokusebenza Ngokomzimba

Abantwana kufuneka bafumane imizuzu engama-60 ngosuku lomsebenzi ngokomzimba ngokweengcali ezininzi, kubandakanya i-American Association of Pediatrics, i-American Heart Association, kunye ne-Ofisi yamaZiko okuThusela nokuThuthukiswa kweMpilo eMelika. Abazali banokufumana inzuzo ekusebenzeni imizuzu engama-60 ngosuku.

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Ixesha elidlulileyo kwiNdalo kunye nangaphandle

Abantwana abaninzi basichitha ixesha elingaphezulu kwindlu engaphezu kwangezizukulwana zangaphambili. Izifundo ezahlukahlukeneyo zidibanise ukwanda kwithuba langaphakathi lokunyanyisa, ukuziphatha ngobundlobongela, kunye neengxaki zemboniso eyandisiweyo. Nangona kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ezinye zeziphumo zingenayo eyaneleyo yophando ukuthetha ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba ixesha langaphakathi libeka ityala ngale ngxaki, kuyacaca ukuba ixesha elichithwe ngaphandle nangaphandle kwezikrini liza kubakho abantwana nabakudala ngokufanayo.

Ngakanani ixesha ongaphandle? Imibutho yase-US National Wildlife ibonisa ubuncinane iyure ngosuku. Iqela lokukhuthaza uluntu libandakanya le ngcamango kwiphankaso ethi "Yiba Phandle", eyibiza ngokuthi "Iholide Eluhlaza."

Iyure enye ngosuku lolawulo ixhaswa yi-American Academy ye-Pediatrics iingcebiso ngamashumi amathandathu amaminithi angabonakaliyo, umdlalo wamahhala. Unokukunceda umntwana wakho athathe ixesha lokusebenza ngokusemthethweni, engaqulunqwayo, nakwimvelo ngokuwafumana ngaphandle.

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Umyinge wexesha kwiKlasi

Kungathi ngathi umntwana wakho uchitha ixesha labo esikolweni. Umyinge wesizwe wase-US ka-2007-2008 wawungama-6.64 iiyure ngosuku, ngeentsuku ezili-180 ngonyaka ngokubhekiselele kwiziko leSizwe leeNkcukacha zezeMfundo. Isibalo sifaka ixesha ukusuka ekuqaleni kweklasi kwikota ukuya ekupheleni kwexesha leklasi yosuku.

Oko okufakiweyo akubandakanyi ixesha lokuthutha kunye nangaphambi okanye emva kwemisebenzi yesikolo. Inani leeyure abantwana ngabanye abachitha ixesha elichaphazelekayo esikolweni banokuhluka ngokumangalisayo.

Inani leentsuku zesikolo linomlinganiselo ophantsi. Kwiminyaka ye-2007-2008 yesikolo esifanayo, isiKhungo sikaZwelonke seMatriki sibonisa ukuba inani leentsuku zesikolo kumazwe ahlukeneyo ukusuka kwiColorado ngeentsuku ezili-171 ukuya eFlorida ngeentsuku ezingama-184.

Oko kuthetha ukuba abantwana abasesikolweni ubuncinane iintsuku ezili-181 ngonyaka. Ngethemba, eli xesha abazali bayakujabulela ukuchitha imali kunye nabantwana babo.

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Ixesha liye lahlelwa

Iingcali ziyavuma ukuba abantwana abaneminyaka yesikolo kufuneka babe nabahlobo. Abahlobo banceda abantwana bakha izakhono zentlalo ezifana nokuphulaphula, ukwabelana kunye nokuxazulula iingxaki. Abantwana bafunda nendlela yokusingatha iimvakalelo zabo ngokusebenzisa ubudlelwane nabanye abantwana.

Uphando alucebiseli nayiphi na ixesha elithile elifunekayo kubantwana ukuba banxulumane nabahlobo. Yintoni ebonakala icacileyo kukuba umgangatho wobuhlobo nokuba ingaba umntwana akahlali esonwabile ngexesha labo lentlalo. Abantwana okanye abatsha banokuba nabahlobo abambalwa okanye abahlobo abaninzi.

Ukuba uvakalelwa kukuba umntwana wakho uya kuzuza ngokuba nobuhlobo obuninzi okanye obungcono, qalisa ngokukhuthaza umntwana wakho ukuba athathe inxaxheba kwiiklabhu okanye kwimisebenzi apho anokufumana khona abahlobo abatsha. Ukuba babonakala bengamahloni okanye ukuba kufuneka baqhelane neentanga ezintsha, zama ukuqeqesha umntwana wakho ngendlela yokuthetha noontanga xa badibana.

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Ixesha kunye nabazali okanye abanonophelo

Musa ukugxininisa malunga nokuchitha ixesha elifanelekileyo kunye nezingane zakho. Uphando olusuka kwi-longitudinal-scale study study on the effects of time with parents xa kuthelekiswa nemiphumo yabantwana kunye nentsha kubenezinye iziphumo ezimangalisayo.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu yokuthatha abazali kuba lixesha elichithwe nomzali ogxininisekile kunye nokunyameka kunokunciphisa iziphumo ezilungileyo, ngelixa ixesha elingakumbi libonisa inzuzo enamandla. Uphando, olupapashwe kwiNcwadi yoMtshato kunye neNtsapho , alufumananga ulwalamano phakathi kwexesha umzali achithayo kunye nabantwana abaneminyaka emi-3 ukuya kwe-11 kunye nempumelelo yomfundi, ukuziphatha kunye nokuphila kakuhle. Uphononongo lubonise impembelelo encinci encinane kubafana abafumana ingxaki encinci xa baneeyure ezintandathu ngeveki okanye ngaphezulu kwexesha elihle, abahlala kunye nabazali.

Oko kuthetha ukuba abazali banako kwaye kufuneka bathabathe ukukhulula okukhulu. Ezi ziphumo zibonisa ukunyamekela kwakho kuqala, ungabi ngumbingelelo okanye uzibulale ngenxa yomntwana wakho. Akuyi kusebenza, kunjalo. Abazali abazifumana bexinekeke ngemali bangabuyela emsebenzini okanye basebenze iiyure ezingaphezulu ngaphandle kwecala.

Kusengokuqiqa ukuba umntwana wakho uya kuncedwa ngokuba neengqwalasela ezintle kuwe yonke imihla. Uya kuba nesimo esingcono sokuchitha ixesha kunye nabo kwiminyaka elishumi elivisayo xa iinzuzo zibonakala zingakumbi. Qiniseka ukuba ujonge ixesha lakho kunye.

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Ixesha Elidlulileyo Ukulala

Ubungakanani besikhathi umntwana afuna ukulala buhluka ngohlobo lomntwana. Amaxesha atyunjweyo abantwana abafunda esikolweni:

• Abantwana abaneminyaka emi-5 badinga iiyure ezili-11 ukuya ku-13 ebusuku
• Abantwana abaneminyaka engama-6 ukuya kwengu-13 bafuna iiyure ezili-9 ii-11 nganye ebusuku
• Abantwana abali-14 kunye nabaselula banamanani ubuncinane ubuncinane iiyure ezingama-9 nganye ebusuku

Ukungatholi ngokwaneleyo ukulala kudibaniswe nokulala ngexesha lesikolweni okanye ukulahlekelwa esikolweni ngokupheleleyo, ukuzama ukuvuka ekuseni, nokukhathazeka ukufunda okanye ukwenza umsebenzi wesikolo. Ukuba unenkxalabo yokuba umntwana wakho akafumani ukulala ngokwaneleyo, funda ukuba yiziphi iimpawu zokuzijonga kunye namanyathelo onokuthatha ukuze uphucule indlela yokulala.

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Isikhathi soKhenketho kunye neZiko kufuneka ziNcinci

Kwiminyaka i-American Association of Pediatrics inezincomo ezinqabileyo ezinqanda ukusetyenziswa kwanoma yimaphi amajelo e-elektroniki kwiiyure ezimbalwa ngosuku. Ngasekupheleni kuka-2015, izikhokelo ezitsha zaziswa ukuba zincinci. Izikhokelo ezitsha zadalwa ngokuphendula ngendlela esisebenzisa ngayo amajelo namhlanje.

Ukusetyenziswa kwamaphephandaba kwanamhlanje kukhokelela njani kutshintsho olunjalo? Ukusetyenziswa kweendaba zobugcisa kunye nexesha leskrini liye libe yinto ebalulekileyo malunga nayo yonke inxalenye yobomi bethu. Abantwana basebenzisa amacwecwe kunye neekhomputha ezikolweni. Iifowuni zeefowuni kunye nemiyalezo yevidiyo zisetyenziselwa ukunxibelelana nsuku zonke. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-intanethi yomsebenzi wesikolo kunokwenzeka ukuba kunyanzeleke ngaphezu kokuzikhethela. Emva kokusetyenziswa komntwana kwimidiya yekhompyutha, kukho ukuzonwabisa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwexesha lokukhulula.

Iinqununu ezintsha kukuba ukusetyenziswa kwejelo ngekhompyutha kwinqanaba elilodwa okanye ezimbini ngosuku. Abazali bafanele bagxininise ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ukuzonwabisa kuxhomekeke kumgangatho ophezulu.

Iziphakamiso ezintsha zibandakanya nabazali abenza izikrini ezingenaskrini ekhaya eliya kubakhuthaza abantwana kunye nentsha ukuba zizithabathe okanye ziphumle ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kweendaba zobugcisa.

Mhlawumbi izikhokelo ezitsha azikho zonke ezahlukileyo, ngokubhekiselele kubazali. Ukusetyenziswa kweendaba zombane abazali abakwazi ukubeka iliso kusekho kwiiyure enye okanye ezimbini ngosuku.

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Ixesha elidlulileyo lokutya

Uninzi lweengcali zincoma i-20-30 imizuzu yokutya ukutya, kunye nemizuzu eyi-10 ukuya kwidlwana encinci. Nangona imizimba yabantwana idinga imizuzu engama-20 emva kokutya iqala ukubhalisa ivakale.

Ukuba ungeze yonke ixesha esichithwa ekudleni ukutya kunye nokutya, uya kubona ukuba umntwana wakho angasebenzisa imizuzu engama-80 ukuya ku-210 ngosuku ngokutya.

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Ukufakela konke kuMntwana Wakho okanye Usuku Lwabantwana

Iyure enye yokusebenza, iyure enye ngaphandle, umsebenzi wesikolo kunye nokufunda, ixesha nabazali, ixesha kunye nabahlobo, ixesha esikolweni, ixesha lokutya kunye nexesha lokulala. Unokuzama ukugqiba onke amaxesha ancomekayo kunye nemisebenzi nganye. Okanye, unako ukudibanisa le mininzi yale mi sebenzi ukwenzela ukuba bonke benze.

Ixesha elingaphandle kwendalo, kude nemithombo ye-elektroniki inokudibaniswa nokuzivocavoca kunye nexesha kunye nabahlobo abaneminyaka efanayo. Isixa umntwana okanye umntwana esafuna ukubandakanyeka nomzali unokudibana nokutya kunye kunye. Imizuzu engamashumi amathathu ubusuku bonke bubala ngaphezu kweeyure ezithandathu ezisebenzayo ukusuka kwisifundo esiphezulu esicatshulweyo.

Umntwana wakho unokufumana uvavanyo olufunekayo kunye nexesha langaphandle ngexesha leeyure eziyi-6.61 esikolweni. Umsebenzi kuphela ongakwazi ukudibanisa nabanye ubuthongo.

Isihluthulelo sokufaneleka kwizinto ezifunwa ngumntwana kukuseka isicwangciso sosuku okanye isikolo sonyaka. Oku kunokunciphisa uxinzelelo lomzali, ukugcina ixesha ochithayo kunye nomntwana wakho othe tye.

> Imithombo:

_{Imidiya kunye nezingane. "I-Media kunye nezingane. I-American Academy ye-Pediatrics}

_{Milkie, MA, Nomaguchi, KM kunye noDenny, KE (2015), Ngaba inani leeMama zoTywala liSebenze nabantwana okanye i-Adolescents? Umbhalo womtshato kunye neentsapho, 77: 355-372. i-doi: 10.1111 / jomf.12170}

> Uphando olwenziwe kwimisebenzi yasekhaya. "Uphando lwezeMisebenzi yasekhaya