Nangona abaninzi abantu beqaphela ukuba yonke into abayifunayo kwi-intanethi ayiyinyaniso, intsha iyancipha. Basenokungakholelwa ukuba 'iindaba zobuxoki' kwaye banenkathazo yokuhlukanisa iintengiso kunye nokuzonwabisa ezivela kwiindaba.
Ucwaningo lweYunivesithi yaseStanford lufumene ukuba iipesenti ezingama-82 zabafundi abaphakathi-basekhaya abakwazi ukwahlula phakathi kwezinto ezixhasiweyo-nangona zibhalwe njengolu hlobo-kunye neendaba ezilungileyo.
Kwaye xa kuziwa ekugwebeni ukuthembeka kwebali kumabonakude ezentlalo, uphando lufumanise intsha esekelwe ukucinga kwabo ngobukhulu bemifanekiso eqingqiweyo. Abaninzi babo baphetha isithombe esikhulu esithetha ukuba ibali liyilo.
Ngokucacileyo, into yokuba abatsha banamhlanje abahlali bezedijithali ayithethi ukuba bayayiqonda i-media literacy. Uninzi lwawo aluqondi indlela yokucinga ngokucokisekileyo ngomxholo abawujongayo.
Kutheni ukungabikho koLwazi lweMedia kuyinkinga yabaselula
Ngokomyinge, abatsha bachitha iiyure ezisi-9 ngosuku basebenzisa izixhobo zabo zobugcisa. Oko kuthetha ukuba intsha ibhobhozwa ngeentengiso, iindaba, kunye nemilayezo yeendaba zoluntu ezininzi kwixesha elide.
Xa abantwana bengenalo okwaneleyo ukuba baqonde indlela amajelo abathintekayo ngayo, okanye abayiqondi imiyalezo abayifumayo, banokuthi bangabikho kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo. Nazi ezinye ezimbalwa zeengozi ezibangelwa ukungabikho kolwazi lokufunda:
- Ukunganeliseki komzimba - Iimodeli kunye nabadumileyo bahlala bebonisa imizimba engamangqiqo okanye engapheliyo. Izifundo zibonisa abatsha abangenalo ulwazi olusisiseko lwamajelo ababa nolwabi ngayo ngokwabo emva kokubukela le mifanekiso. Abaqapheli ukuba iifoto zivame ukufakwa kwiifoto kunye namaqela abantu asebenzayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba abadumileyo kunye nemodeli ibonakala iphelele.
- Ukungazi kwabathengi - Abaselula abangaqapheli umxholo oxhaswayo abayi kuqonda ukuba 'ibali' abayifunayo ayikho indaba-yindlela nje yokuthengisa. Basenokwenzeka ukuba bathengise iimveliso kunye neenkonzo ezingenayo.
- Ukutshatyalaliswa kweendaba - Iindaba eziphandle zihlala ziphazamisa abantu ngokubhekiselele kwisini, inkolo, okanye ubuhlanga. Ukuxhathisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ngaphandle kokucinga ngako, kuthetha ukuba intsha iyakwazi ukukholelwa oko bayibonayo.
- I-Bias - Imveliso ye- Media ine-ajenda yaye isebenza ngabantu ababenokungcebeleka kolunye uhlobo. Kodwa abatsha abangayiqondi i-bias bafumana enye icala lebali.
- Iingxaki zempilo - Abathengi basebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokunyengisa abantu ukuba bacinge ukuziphatha okungalunganga kuyisimo esihle. Ukusela kunokubonakaliswa 'kukupholile' kunye nokutya okungenamsoco kungahle kuthengiswe 'njengolonwabo.' Iintsholongwane zinokuthi zikwazi ukubandakanyeka kwezo ziphatha ezingekho emzimbeni xa zingaqapheli izicwangciso zentengiso abasebenzisi.
Indlela yokuFundisa uLwazi lokuSetyenziswa koLwazi lweNkcazelo
Kubalulekile ukuchitha ixesha ukuthetha nentombazana malunga neendaba kunye nendlela amajelo asetyenziswa ngayo. Uphononongo lubonisa ukuba abantwana bafumana imiphumo embi kakhulu xa befundiswe izakhono ezisisiseko zokufunda nokubhala. Nantsi indlela ongayifundisa ngayo umntwana wakho ukuba ahlolisise umxholo awajonga ngawo:
- Khuthaza ukucinga okubalulekileyo . Khuthaza umntwana wakho ukuba aphendule ulwazi olufundayo. Mcele ukuba acinge ukuba ngubani obhala ibali nokuba kutheni lowo mntu unokubhala.
- Xoxa ngeendlela zokuthengisa . Thetha malunga neenkampani zeeteksi zokusebenzisa ukukhuthaza abantu ukuba bathenge iimveliso zabo. Ukuthembisa imveliso kuya kukunceda ukhangele kakuhle okanye ufumaneke kakhulu, umzekelo, ngokuqhelekileyo uyingxenye yomyalezo.
- Thetha ngeenjongo zabantu ekudaleni umxholo . Qinisekisa ukuba umntwana wakho uyazi ukuba ababhali abaninzi bahlawulwa ngombono wephepha. Cofa-bait headlines zenzelwe ukufumana i-traffic, kunokuba unikezele ngolwazi oluphezulu. Cacisa ukuba bangaphi abanye ababhali abazama ukuthengisa iimveliso, kunokuba baxele ingxelo.
- Fundisa wakho umntwana ukuba akhangele lonke ulwazi . Thetha ngokubaluleka kokukhangela ikhasi "malunga nathi" kwiwebhusayithi ukuze sifunde ngakumbi malunga nawuphi na ovelise umxholo. Kwakhona, bonisa umntwana wakho ukuba ubukeka njani kwiifoto ngokuthe ngqo. Kungenxa yokuba umfanekiso udibene ne-athikili ayithethi ukuba imifanekiso ithathelwe kwimeko ekuthethwa ngaso kwibali.
- Xoxa nokubaluleka kokuthelekisa imithombo . Thetha ngeendlela zokubheka iindali kwi-intanethi. Ngaba ezinye iimveliso zendaba ziqhuba ibali elifanayo? Ivelaphi ibali lokuqala? Ibali elifanayo lihluke njani kumagumbi athile?
- Jonga ulutsha lwakho ulisebenzisa . Yazi ukuba zeziphi izingosi zokunxibelelana kweentlalo zakho ezisetyenziswayo kunye nokujongana nomsebenzi wakho we-inthanethi. Kwakhona, jongisisa iifilimu yakho ibona ibukele kunye nomculo ayithandayo. Ukuba uyazi malunga noko adlayo, kuxhotyiswe ngakumbi ukuba uya kuba neengxoxo malunga nokuba imidiya ingamchaphazela njani.
- Khangela kwiiwebhusayithi ndawonye . Hlala phantsi kunye nentombazana yakho kwaye ubuye ujonge iindawo eziphathekayo zeendaba kwaye uxoxe ngendlela yokwahlula phakathi kwamabali eendaba kunye nomxholo oxhaswayo. Funda amanqaku kunye kwaye uthethe ngemiyalezo oyabonayo.
Yenza ulwazi lokufunda nokubhala isifundo esiqhubekayo sencoko ekhaya lakho. Sebenzisa imizekelo yangempela yempilo kunye namabali eendaba xa unako kwaye uceba ukwenza ulwazi lokufunda nokubhala incoko eqhubekayo.
> Imithombo:
> Imithombo yeeNkcukacha eziqhelekileyo: Ubalo lwaBantu boLwazi oluBanzi: Ukusetyenziswa kweMedia nguTweens kunye nentsha
> Donald, Brooke. Abaphandi baseStanford bafumana abafundi beengxaki zokugweba ukuthembeka kolwazi kwi-intanethi. ISikole seSikolo seMfundo saseStanford.
> Krayer A, Ingledew DK, i-Iphofen R. Ukuqhathaniswa kwezentlalo kunye nomzimba womntu ekufikeni kwentsha: indlela yokufunda i-theory. Uphando lwezeMpilo . 2007; 23 (5): 892-903. i-doi: 10.1093 / yakhe / cym076.