Iindlela ezincinane ixesha kwiTV, ii-Smartphones kunye neeKompyutha zilungele abantwana
Ukuba uye wakha wazibuza ukuba ngaba ufanele ukulwa nomntwana wakho ngaphezu kwexesha elichitha phambi kweTV, ikhompyutheni okanye enye ikhutshana, impendulo, ngokutsho kweengxelo zandul ', i-"yes." Ukunciphisa ixesha kunye nezixhobo kwenza kube lula ukuba iintsapho zichithe ixesha kunye kunye kunye nokuthetha omnye nomnye ubuso nobuso, kwaye zinganika abantwana ithuba lokuphuma ngaphandle baze bafunde okanye bafunde incwadi.
Kungekudala, uphando lubonisile ukuba ukusika ixesha leskrini kunokuba nefuthe elihle kwimpilo yabantwana, ezentlalontle kunye neendlela zokuziphatha, kwaye ziyakwazi nokuphucula ukusebenza kwazo.
Isikhathi Sesikrini Esikhulu Kangakanani Sinokulimaza Abantwana
Uphando luye lwabonisa ukuba abantwana bachitha ixesha elide basebenzisa amajelo eendaba zombane kunokuba benze nawuphi na umsebenzi - umyinge weeyure ezingama-7 ngosuku, ngokwe-American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). Ukuchitha ixesha elide kakhulu kwizikrini sele lidibaniswe ukungabi nokulala ngokwaneleyo, amanani ahluphekileyo, kunye nomngcipheko omkhulu wokukhuluphala. Ezi zizinye zezizathu zokuthi kungani i-AAP kunye nabanye abameli bempilo bancedise abazali ukuba banciphise ixesha leskrini ukuba bangabi ngaphezu kweyure okanye iiyure ezimbini ngosuku kubafundi abaneminyaka emi-2 nangaphezulu. (I-AAP icebisa ukuba abazali baphephe ixesha lokubhenqa abantwana kunye nabantwana abangaphantsi kwe-2.)
Enye ingxaki yabantwana kunye nexesha lesikrini esininzi: Njengoko abantwana bekhulile baze bachithe ixesha elide besetyenziswe izikrini, kukho ukulahla okulinganiselwayo kwimisebenzi yemfundo abayifumene nayo, ngokwemibiko yakutshanje yeJoan Ganz Cooney Centre, iqela lophando elingenzi nzuzo elisungulwe yiSesame Workshop.
Ingxelo ye-Joan Ganz Cooney Centre isekelwe kwingxelo yesizwe yabazali abanama-1,577 abantwana abaneminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwe-10. Abaphandi babuze abazali malunga nokusetyenziswa komntwana kumabonakude kuquka i-TV, iiDVD, imidlalo yevidiyo, iincwadi, abafundi be-smartphones, iipilisi, nezinye iifowuni. Bakufumanisa ukuba ukukhutshwa kwabantwana kwimithombo yezemfundo (iiprogram zemfundo ezifana neSesame Street okanye umdlalo weematriki e-intanethi, umzekelo) kwenzeka kangangoko rhoqo njengoko abantwana bekhula, njengokuba abantwana baqala ukwandisa ixesha labo lesikrini.
Abantwana abaneminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwe-4 babike ukuba bachitha ubuncinane beeyure kunye nemizuzu engama-37 ngosuku ngosuku lwekrini, kunye neyure eli-1 kunye nemizuzu engama-16 esetyenziswe kwizixhobo zemfundo. Ngokwahlukileyo, abantwana abaneminyaka engama-8 ukuya kwe-10 basebenzisa iiyure ezingama-2 kunye nemizuzu engama-36 ngemini kwizikrini kwaye kuphela imizuzu engama-42 esetyenziselwe kumajelo emfundo. Ngamanye amazwi, inani lexesha lesikrini elisetyenzisiweyo kwizinto ezifundiswayo liye laphuma kwi-78 ekhulwini kwiintsana ezincinane ukuya kuma-27 ekhulwini kubantwana abadala.
Izinzuzo zokuCima ixesha lokuSkrini
Olunye uphando olutshanje lufumanise ukuba ukubeka iliso kwabazali kwi-media usetyenziswe ekuphuculeni ubuthongo obunokuphucula, ukunciphisa umlinganiselo womzimba, kunye namabakala angcono. Isifundo, esasiholwa nguDouglas Gentile, PhD, unjingalwazi onxulumene neengqondo kwiIyunivesithi yaseIowa State kunye neengcali ezikhokelayo kwimiphumo yeendaba kumajelo kubantwana nakubantu abadala, babheka abantwana abangama-1,323 kumabanga amathathu, okwesine kunye nesesihlanu e-Iowa kunye EMinnesota kwithuba lonyaka omnye wesikolo, okanye iinyanga ezixhenxe. Abaphengululi bafumene ukuba xa abazali bevavanyayo ukusetyenziswa kwemidiya yabantwana - ukukhawulelwa kwexesha lezingane bavunyelwe ukusebenzisa iikhomputha, i-TV, iifowuni, njl. ukukhawulela umxholo; okanye ukuxoxa ngeengxoxo kunye neminye imiba yomxholo ababebukeleyo - kwakukho utshintsho lwezenhlalakahle, zezifundo kunye nezingokwenyama.
Abantwana balala ngaphezulu, babe namabakala angcono, kwaye babe nesalathiso esingaphantsi komzimba, okanye i-BMI (umlinganiselo wamanqatha omzimba esekelwe kwisisindo nokuphakama), kwaye unobundlobongela obuncinane, utshilo uDkt.
Abazali abanako ukuphawula umphumo wokukhawulela nokubeka iliso kwesikrini kwangoko kwangoko, njengokuba bengaboni ukuba umntwana uhlala emide imihla ngemihla, utshilo uDkt Gentile, kodwa kukho into ebiza ngokuthi "ukutshatyalaliswa komonakalo." Ukubeka iliso kweso sikrini kunye nomxholo akukhawulezi ngokukhokelela ekutshintshisweni, kodwa ngokugqithiseleyo kwexesha, kukho uluhlu olubanzi lwempilo kunye nenzuzo yezempilo. Ngokwolu cwaningo, ukubeka iliso ngakumbi kwabazali kubangele ixesha elincinci leskrini kwintsapho kunye nokunciphisa ukunciphisa ubundlobongela bemithombo yeendaba, oko kwaphumela ekuncedeni ubuthongo obuphuculweyo, i-BMI ephantsi, ukusebenza kwezikole ezingcono, ukuphucula ukuziphatha kwezentlalo kunye nokunciphisa ubugwenxa.
Amanqanaba okuNqanda nokuLinda abantwana kwixesha leSkrini
Beka imida - kwaye unamathele kubo. Ingaba liyure enye yeTV emva kokuba umsebenzi wesikolo uyenziwe okanye ungaphenduli imizuzu engama-30 yokuthumela iincwadi kunye nabahlobo, misela imithetho ecacileyo kunye nemida yexesha leskrini . Kwaye njengokuba uzama ukunyamekela xa abantwana bebongoza, becula, kwaye bathengise ixesha elide lokuthetha nabahlobo, babukele umboniso ozithandayo, okanye badlala umdlalo wevidiyo omnye, ube ngoqinileyo kwaye uguquke ngokusemandleni akho.
Fumana izikrini ngaphandle kwegumbi lomntwana wakho. Musa ukuvumela umntwana wakho ukuba abe neTV okanye nayiphi na ifowuni yekrini kwiklasi lakhe. Akunalo kuphela ukuba neTV elalisegumbini edibaniswe nezikolo zokuvavanya ezantsi, iingxaki zokulala kunye nokunyamezela kubantwana, kuyilingo. Yaye khumbula ukuba izikrini azikho nje iiTVs - ungavumeli umntwana wakho ukuba ne iPads, ii-smartphone okanye ezinye izixhobo egumbini lakhe.
Yazi oko umntwana wakho abukela. Uphando lubonisa ukuba ukhangele umxholo kunye nomntwana kwaye uxoxisane ngokucokisekileyo ngeengongoma, ucinga ngezinto ezijongiweyo, kwaye ukuthetha ngemiphumo kunye nenjongo yemxholo obonwayo ngenye yezona ndlela ezintle zokubeka iliso abazali. Yiba nomkhwa wokwazi oko ubona umntwana kunye nokuva xa ekhompyutheni, edlala imidlalo yevidiyo okanye ebuka iTV. Yaye qiniseka ukuba unciphise inani lomxholo onobundlobongela umntwana wakho ubonakala kuyo. Ngokutsho kukaDkt. WeNtlanga, ngubani oyingcali ehamba phambili kwimiphumo yomxholo wezobundlobongela, uphando lubonise ukuba umxholo onobundlobongela ungatshintsha ukuziphatha kwabafundi.
Khawukhumbule ukuba kukufanelekile iingxabano. Umntwana wakho unokuba yinkampu enye engonwabileyo xa ixesha lakhe lesikrini lilinganiselwe kwaye lihlolwe, kodwa khumbula ukuba kuya kuba neenzuzo ezininzi kwixesha elide.