Ukuqonda iMingcipheko kunye neRationale kwi-NONATATIC ICU
Ukumpontshelwa igazi yinkqubo eqhelekileyo apho igazi elinikelweyo linikezelwa kwisigulane ngokusebenzisa umgca ofakwe kwi-vein. Ngokumalunga ngokwaneleyo xa inkqubo yenziwa kumntu omdala. Xa kwenzeka kwintsana, ingakumbi enye yokunakekelwa kakhulu kwe-neonatal (NICU), inokuba nzima kakhulu.
Izizathu zokuPhathwa kweGazi kwiNICU
Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuxilongwa kwegazi kusetyenziselwa ukwandisa inani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi ezithwala i-oksijini kumathambo omzimba, kuquka ingqondo nentliziyo.
Ukutshatyalaliswa kunokunikezwa njengeeseli ezibomvu zegazi (PRBC) okanye igazi elipheleleyo. Icandelo ngalinye legazi liyakwazi ukudluliselwa, njengokunyusa inani lamaplatelets ukukunceda ukuyeka ukuphuma kwegazi.
Kwi-NICU, iintsana zinganikwa i-red cell cell transfusion ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi. Kusenokufuneka kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo ukubuyisela ukulahleka kwegazi kwi-anemia ngaphandle kokutshatyalaliswa okanye ukufa kungahle kwenzeke. Ngokuqhelekileyo, igazi lixhamlizwa ukunyanga iimpawu ezibangelwa yi-anemia, njenge-apnea okanye i-bradycardia ebonakalayo kwiintsana ezingaphambi kwexesha .
Mngcipheko
Ngenxa yokuba igazi lomnikeli lihlolwe ngenyameko namhlanje, ukuxilongwa kuthathwa njengokuba ukhuseleke kakhulu kumazwe amaninzi athuthukile. Umngcipheko wokufumana intsholongwane kaGawulayo kwi-transfusion igazi, umzekelo, ubuncinane kwisigidi esinye sezigidi. Ngokufanayo, umngcipheko we-hepatitis B uncitshisiwe omnye kwi-171,000.
Amanqanaba eebhanki zegazi lamanje abuye avumele igazi elizinikele ukuba ligcinwe ngasese ixesha elide xa kwenzeka unxungupheko olubandakanyeka okanye ilungu lentsapho.
Umkhuba uye wanciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki kwiintshaba ngokunciphisa inani labaxhasi umntwana ovelele.
Phakathi kweengxaki ezinokubangela ukuxilongwa okungenzeka, nangona kunjalo, kwiintsana.
Iinzuzo zokuTshintshiselwa kwiintsana
Ngokucacileyo, xa kunikwa ukuphazamiseka okanye ukuphathwa kakubi kwegazi, ukumpontshelwa ngumzimba kungasindisa ubomi.
Ezinye izibonelelo zingenakucaca kwaye zibandakanya:
- Ukutya okuphuculweyo
- Ngaphantsi kokuphefumula
- I-apnea encinane (apho ukuphefumula kuphazamiseka)
- Ingcinezelo encinane kwingqondo (ngenxa yokungabikho kwe-oksijeni)
- Ukugqitywa kweNICU kwangaphambili
Ukunikela ngegazi kwiNyana Yakho
Ukuba wena kunye nosana lwakho unalohlobo olufanayo lwegazi, unokukwazi ukunikela ngegazi lakho lokumpontshelwa igazi. Oku kubizwa ngokuba ngumnikelo ohanjiswe. Ngelixa lixabisekileyo, kukho ukunciphisa inkqubo enokuthi ingabandakanyi wena njengomviwa. Phakathi kwabo:
- Ukuxilongwa akukwazi ukusetyenziswa kwimeko engxamisekileyo. Njengeminikelo yonke yegazi, izipho ezithathwayo zithatha iiveki okanye ezimbini ukulungiselela.
- Awukwazi ukunikela xa usanda kuhambisa umntwana. Oomama basePotpartum kufuneka balinde iiveki ezintandathu ukuya kweebhozo ngaphambi kokuba banike umnikelo wegazi.
- Kufuneka ube nempilo entle. Njengomthetho, abaxhasi begazi kufuneka babe ngaphezu kweminyaka eyi-17 kwaye balinganise ubuncinane ubunzima beepounds ezili-110. Ucwaningo lwezempilo olunzulu luqhutyelwa ukuba lubone ukuba ngaba umviwa unelungelo lokunikela.
- Uya kufuneka uhlawule iindleko zenkqubo. Uninzi lwee-inshorensi aluyi kugubungela iindleko zomnikelo ohanjisiweyo. Ngaloo ndlela, kufuneka uhlawule iindleko zovavanyo lwebhanki kunye nezo zidibene nomdwebo kunye nokuqokelela kwegazi.
> Imithombo:
> I-Bell, E. "Xa ukutshintshisa iintsana zokuqala." I-Arch Dis-Child I-Neonatal Ed. 2008; 93 (6) F469-F473.
> Von Kohorn, I. kunye no-Ehrenkranz, R. "I-anemia kwintsana yokuqala: I-Erythropoietin ngokubhekiliswa kwe-erythrocyte - Akuyinto elula." I-Perinatology yeCliniki. 2009; 36 (1): 111-123.