Ziziphi iimvavanyo zokufaneleka?
Ukususela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, iimvavanyo zokusebenzisa ubuchule ziye zasetyenziswa ukulinganisa ubuchule, iitalente, izakhono zezithuthi, ukucingisisa kunye nokukwazi ubugcisa. Izikolo zisebenzisa izilingo zezifundo ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo; ngaphaya kovavanyo, iimvavanyo zendlela yokuncedisa zinceda ukugqitywa kwiprofayili yomntwana. Abantwana abakhulileyo banokuzuza kwiimvavanyo zokufunda ezinokubasiza ukuba batshintshe kwisikolo esikolweni esiphakamileyo esikolweni.
Njengoko abantwana bekhula, iindidi zeemvavanyo zendlela yokuthabatha zithatha utshintsho.
Uvavanyo lweIQ
Ezinye zezona zivivinywa eziziwayo ngokubanzi zivavanyo ziyaziwa ngokungaziwa njengeemvavanyo ze-IQ. Nangona ubuninzi beemvavanyo ze-IQ zifumaneka kwi-intanethi, kuphela izazi zeengqondo kunye ne-psychometricians kufuneka zenze uvavanyo lwe-IQ ukuvavanya amandla omntwana wokufunda. Iimvavanyo eziqhelekileyo ze-IQ yi-Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test kunye ne-Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC). Izikolo zisebenzisa le mvavanyo ukukunceda ukuba unqume ukuba zeziphi abantwana abanokuzuza kwiinkqubo ezizodwa.
Imivavanyo ye-IQ isebenzisa ukufunda kwangaphambili, ukuxazulula iingxaki, imemori kunye nokuqiqa ukucacisa amandla omntwana ukuba afunde. Iimvavanyo ze-IQ, ngokungafani nezinye iilingo zokufunda, yenza ngoku ulinganise ubugcisa okanye amandla omculo okanye ubuchule ngokubanzi. Iimvavanyo ziye zatshitshiswa ngenxa yeenkcubeko zenkcubeko: abantwana beemvelaphi eziphantsi ezentlalo-qoqosho kunye nabantwana beentlanga ezincinci baye baboniswa ukuba baqhube kakubi kwiimvavanyo ze-IQ, kungakhathaliseki ukuba yingqiqo.
Iimvavanyo zokuLinga nokuVavanywa kweeNtsebenzo
Abazali akufanele badideke phakathi kweemvavanyo neempumelelo. Ubungakanani bubonisa ukuba umfundi unokufumana isetyenzisi sezakhono okanye uqeqesho ngokulinganisa iitalente nezendalo. Iimvavanyo zengqondo nazo zenzelwe ukunika abafundi ingcamango yeentlobo zemisebenzi enokuthi zifaneleke okanye zifumane zizalisekisa.
Ngokungafani neemvavanyo zokuphumelela, iimvavanyo ze-aptitude azilinganisi iinkalo zezifundo esikolweni kwaye azikwazi ukufundelwa. Iziphumo zokuphumelela zilinganisa oko abafundi abaye bafunda ngexesha lonyaka wesikolo; Iimvavanyo zokusebenzisa izixhobo zisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa amandla okukwazi ukufunda.
Uvavanyo lweZakhono zeBanga labaFundi beZikolo
Kwabafundi besikolo abasesekondari, iimvavanyo zovavanyo zivame ukusetyenziswa ukulinganisa ukufaneleka kwabafundi kwiiprogram ezizodwa, njengezifundo ezinamakhono kunye neemfuno ezizodwa zemfundo. Abafundi besikolo esinokuqala banokuhlangabezana novavanyo lweLwimi lweNzululwazi yokuLungisa, uLwazi lweelwimi lwangaphandle, kunye ne-Stanford Educational Mathematics Testing Aptitude, kwiimathematika.
Uvavanyo lwezakhono zabaFundi beZikolo eziphakathi
Abafundi baseMbindi bangathatha iimvavanyo zokufaneleka ukuze bakwazi ukufumana iinkqubo ezizodwa okanye ezizodwa, njengabantwana besikolo esiphakathi. Ukongeza, abafundi besikolo basemaphandleni banokubona iimvavanyo zokufunda iziphumo. Esinye sale nguVavanyo loLwahlulo loLwahlukileyo, oluvanya abafundi ukuba baqikelele ngomlomo, ikhono lamanani, isantya sokubhala kunye nokuchaneka, ukucinga okungenangqiqo, ukuqiqa ngokuchanekileyo, ubudlelwane bezithuba, ukupeliswa, nokusetyenziswa kolwimi. Uvavanyo lwe-OASIS, kwi-Survey of Aptitude Survey kunye neShedyuli yoNomdla, yenye yolu vavanyo oluqhelekileyo kubafundi balo nyaka.
Uvavanyo lweZakhono zoBufundi beZikolo eziPhakamileyo
Abafundi besikolo samabanga aphakamileyo bangathatha iimvavanyo zokufaneleka ukuze baqaphele iminqweno yomsebenzi kunye nemigudu yemisebenzi yokufunda esikolweni. Abo banokuthi banomdla kwiinkonzo ezixhobileyo bangathatha i-Armed Services Vocational Battery Battery; Olunye uvavanyo lwekhono lomsebenzi nguvavanyo lweBennett Mechanical Comprehension Test kunye noVavanyo loLwazi lokuLinga