Iiveki ezi-12 zokuqala zinomlinganiselo ophezulu wokulahleka kokukhulelwa
Ukukhulelwa kuyacaca ngexesha lokuxhalaba kunye nokulindela, kwaye abaninzi abantu abafazi abakhulelweyo bayakhathazeka, ngakumbi abo baye bahamba ngesisu. Abanye bafuna induduzo kwiimanani, bazive benengqiqo enkulu yokuphucula emva kokugqithisa izinto ezibalulekileyo ekukhulelweni apho ukuncipha kwamanani okuphuphuma kwesisu.
Unokufuna ukwazi ngexesha lokukhulelwa uza kukwazi ukuphefumula ukukhulula nokuyeka ukukhathazeka kakhulu malunga nokukhulelwa kwesisu.
Inkcazo yokutshatyalaliswa komtshato
Ukulahleka kokuqala kokukhulelwa kukulahleka okanye ukuphuphuma kwesisu phambi kweveki ye-13 yesigxina (ngexesha le-trimester yokuqala). Ukulahleka kokukhulelwa okwenzeka phakathi kweeveki ezi-13 no-19 zibizwa ngokuba yi-second-trimester ukukhulelwa kokulahlekelwa okanye ukulahleka kweesibini. Ukulahleka kokukhulelwa kwiiveki ezingama-20 okanye ubuninzi begestation akuthiwa ukuphuphuma kwesisu, kodwa ukuzalwa komntwana-apho umntwana efa khona kwisibeleko somama.
Ngabe Ziyiphi iimeko ezingaqhelekanga eziqhelekileyo zenzeke?
Ngokutsho kwe-American College of Obstetricians kunye namaGynecologists, malunga nama-80 ekhulwini okulahlekelwa ngamathambo kwenzeka kwi-trimester yokuqala. Njengoko ukukhulelwa kuqhubeka, ubungozi bokuphuphuma komzimba buyancipha. Ukongeza, umngcipheko wokutshatyalaliswa kwesisu uhlahla kakhulu emva kokuba ugqirha ufumanisa intliziyo ye-ultrasound .
Ziyintoni eziqhelekileyo iimpahla ezingaqhelekanga?
Ukuba uyazibuza ukuba ziphi i-miscarriages, ungase ube nemibuzo malunga nokuba iimeko eziqhelekileyo zokulahlekelwa ngamathambo.
Iindaba ezilungileyo kukuba ngeli xesha ufumana uvavanyo lokukhulelwa okulungileyo, umngcipheko wokukhulelwa kwesisu kuya kuba sekupheleni kweloluhlu.
Kwisifundo esikhulileyo kwiNew England Journal of Medicine , abaphandi balandela abafazi abangama-221 ngaphezu kwe-707 yokuhamba kwimizuzu, kunye ne-198 yokukhulelwa ngokupheleleyo.
Bafumene ukuba iipesenti ezingama-22 zokukhulelwa ziphelile ngaphambi kokuba zifumaneke kwiikliniki (ezifana nokuhlolwa kwezicwangciso zokukhulelwa komchamo). Kubandakanywa ukutshatyalaliswa kwangaphambili , inani eliphumayo lokulahlekelwa ngamaphesenti lalingama-31 ekhulwini.
Ubungqina obukhoyo bubuyisela le nkqubela ekhulile, icetyisa ukuba naphakathi kwama-8 ukuya kwe-20 ekhulwini lokukhulelwa okuqhelekileyo kuya kugqitywa ekuphumuleni komzimba kwaye i-30 ukuya kuma-40 ekhulwini yazo zonke iimbono ziphela ekuphumuleni.
Ngethuba ukulahleka kwexesha lokukhulelwa kwangaphambili kubakho malunga neepesenti ezili-10 zonke ukukhulelwa okuqakathekileyo, ukulahleka kweentlobo ze-second-trimester kwenzeka kwi-1 ukuya kwe-5 ekhulwini yokukhulelwa. I -birbirth iyenzeka malunga neepesenti ezi-0.3 zokukhulelwa.
Yintoni Ebangelwa Ukutshatyalaliswa?
Phantse isiqingatha sezinto ezilahlekileyo zibangelwa yi-chromosomal engafanelekiyo, okwenza le ngxaki ibe yinto ebangela ukuba sisweleke. Uninzi lwezi zikhetho zenzeke ngexesha elilodwa ezingazalwanga kubazali. Ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa, ukukhulelwa komzimba kwenzeka, kubonakala ukuba kubangelwa ukungaqhelekanga kwe-chromosomal. Izinga lokukhulelwa kwesisu emva kweveki eziyi-15 zokufelwa okungabikho kwama-chromosomal okanye ukungaqhelekanga kwezakhiwo kungama-0.6 ekhulwini.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezi ziqhelo zi-aneuploidies, nto ithetha inani elingafanelekanga lama-chromosome, mhlawumbi i-chromosome eyongezelelweyo (njengoko kwimeko ye-trisomy 21 okanye i-Down syndrome) okanye i-chromosome ekhoyo.
Into ebalulekileyo yengozi yokukhulelwa komzimba ingumama kamama. Ngokutsho kwe-American College ye-Obstetrics kunye ne-Gynecologists, inani lezinto ezilahlekileyo kwi-trimester yokuqala yabasetyhini landa ngokukhawuleza njengowesifazane osemdala. Nazi izibalo ezibonisa ukuphakama:
- Iminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwe-30 ubudala: I-9 ukuya kwi-17 yeepesenti yokulahleka komzimba
- Iminyaka engama-35 ubudala: iipesenti ezingama-20 ezithintekayo
- Iminyaka engama-40 ubudala: i-40 ekhulwini yezinga lokukhulelwa komzimba
- Iminyaka engama-45 ubudala: i-80 ekhulwini izinga lokukhulelwa komzimba
Izinga lokukhulelwa komzimba lingaphantsi kwabasetyhini ababenomntwana ngaphambili, malunga neepesenti ezi-5 ukuya kwiiveki ezingama-20 zokunyusa.
Igama elivela kwi-Verywell
Ukuba uye wafumana ukungahambi kakuhle kwexesha elidlulileyo, ukhathazekile ukuba unokufumana enye, okanye zombini, nceda uyazi ukuba awuwodwa.
Ukuba ukukhathazeka kwakho kuqhubeka kwaye kukuchaphazela indlela ozivakalelwa ngayo kwaye usebenza ngayo, qi niseka ukuba ufuna ukukhokelwa ngugqirha wakho. Kukho inani lezonyango ezikhoyo ezinokukunceda uzive ungcono.
> Imithombo:
> Ikholeji yase-American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Sebenzisa i-Bulletin: Ukulahleka kokuqala kokukhulelwa. Inani le-150, ngoMeyi 2015. Uqinisekisile ngo-2017.
> Tulandi T, Al-Fozan HM. Ukukhipha isisu ngokuqhelekileyo: Izinto zobungozi, i-Etiology, iMiboniso yeZikliniki, kunye noVavanyo lweNgcaciso. Ku: U-UpToDate, uLevine D, uBarbieri RL (Ed), UpToDate, i-Waltham, MA.
> Tulandi T. Imfundo yesineke: Ukutshatyalaliswa (ngaphandle kweZiseko). Ku: UpToDate, Barbieri RL (Ed), UpToDate, Waltham, MA.
> Wilcox et al. Isiganeko sokulahleka kokuqala kokukhulelwa. N Engl J Med. 1988 Juni 28; 319 (4): 189-94.