Ziziphi ii-UVA kunye ne-UVB ezibalulekile kwi-Suntan?
Abantu abaninzi bafuna i-tan, kodwa uyazi ukuba iinqanawa zesikhumba? Umlinganiselo omkhulu wemali, ixesha kunye nemigudu iya kuzuza, kwaye igcinwe, isikhumba esincibilikileyo. Iintsholongwane zethu zihlala zixakeke kakhulu ukuba zibe "zigqibeleleyo" kwaye zitshathwe. Kodwa kwenzeka ntoni?
I-Ultraviolet Rays
Ilanga lethu livelisa iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zemizila ye-ultraviolet: UVA, UVB kunye ne-UVC. Imibala ye-UVC ibanjwe ungqimba lwethu lwe-ozone kwaye ayidlala into ekutshiseni.
Ininzi, kodwa kungekhona yonke, imirhobho ye-UVB nayo ibanjwe kwinqanaba le-ozone, ngoko-ke ii-ray ze-UVB zidlala into ekutshekeni. Xa sithetha ngokucutshungulwa ngemisebe ye-ultraviolet yelanga, i-UVA kunye neminye imibala ye-UVB yintoni ebangela i-tan.
Iimitha ezinqamlezileyo azidalwanga ngokulinganayo. Imilayezo ye-UVA kunye nemibala ye-UVB inemizila eyahlukeneyo, ivumela imitha ukuba ingene kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zesikhumba. Imibala ye-UVB inemilinganiselo emifutshane emfutshane kwaye ingene kwiindawo ezikude zesikhumba (i-epidermis). I-ray ye-UVA inemizila engamaxesha amaninzi kwaye ingangenelela ngaphaya kwe-UVBs, ukuya kwi-dermis, ungqimba ophakathi kwesikhumba.
Indlela UV Rays eyenza ngayo iTan
Imibala ye-UV ibangela ukutyhulwa ngendlela echaphazela ngayo i-melanin esikhumbeni sethu. I-Melanin i-pigment ekhumbeni lethu eliveliswa ngamaseli abizwa ngokuthi i-melanocytes kwaye yintoni eyenza isikhumba sibe ngumbala wayo.
- I-UVA ibangela i-tan ngokukhupha i-melanin. Okubalulekileyo, i-melanin iphendulela i-chemical reaction emva kokuba iboniswe kwi-UVA, ibangela ukuba ibe mnyama. Xa i-melanin ibonakala ibumnyama, isikhumba ngokwawo sibukeka sibunciwe kwaye sibumnyama.
- UVB ibangela itan ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. I-UVB ibangele ukwanda kweemveliso ze-melanin elukhumbeni kunye nezinye iinguqu kwiiseli ezigcinwe kuyo i-melanin. Ezi mpembelelo ze-UVB zenza ukuba isikhumba sibe mnyama okanye sinywe.
Kuthiwani Ngeemibhede Zokukhangela?
Iibhedi zokuqhawula kunye nezibane zokutshisa ezisetyenziselwa ukucingelwa ukuba yindlela ekhuselekileyo yokutshisa ngaphandle, kodwa ezo zibango azikhoyo.
Iibhedi zokuqhawula ezikhulile ezisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa amagagasi e-UVB okwenziwe ukutsha, ngoko ke le mibhede yaguqulwa ukuba isebenzise amaza e-UVA. La maza angatshisi isikhumba ngendlela efanayo namaza e-UVB ayatshisa, kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba ba khu selekile. Amagagasi e-UVA acingelwa ukuba enze umdlavuza wesikhumba kunye nemiba ye-immune system. Ukuba uke wambona umntu otyumbile kakhulu kwixesha lokuphila kwakhe, unokubona ukuba amagagasi e-UVA awonakalisa ulusu ngendlela ekhuthaza ubunzima obunzulu.
Imiphumo emibi ye-Ray Ray
Iimbini zombini ze-UVA kunye ne-UVB zingabangela umonakalo wesikhumba, kodwa njengokuba bahluke njani kwindlela abangela ngayo ukubonakala kwetan, bahluke ekusebenzeni kwabo kwonakalisa ulusu. Njengoko kuphawulwe ngolwazi kwiibhedi zokucoca, bekuye kwacingelwa ukuba i-UVB imitha yayiyingozi kakhulu. Sifunda, nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-UVA ingaba yinto yonke okanye ingozi ngakumbi, njengoko ingena kwesikhumba ngokucace ngakumbi.
I-Sunscreen kunye ne-Ray Ray
Ukwazi ukuba ii-UV kunye nemibala ye-UVB ingaba yingozi, kubalulekile ukukhetha i-sunscreen ebandakanya ezo zibini. Uninzi lwama-sunscreen alufihla imibala ye-UVA. Qinisekisa ukuba ufunde malunga nezithako ze-sunscreen ezikhusela kwimisindo ye-UVA, njengemveliso emininzi ayikho. Emva kokuba ufumene umkhiqizo oza kuzikhusela kwii-ray ze-UVA, khangela ubungqina kunye neengxaki zezithako ezivimba ii-ray UVB.
Unokuzibuza ukuba kutheni ufuna ukukwenza lo phando xa ukhetha i-sunscreen kuwe ntombazana, kwaye le ngongoma ebalulekileyo. Akukho okwangoku imimiselo ekhoyo ekunceda abazali bazi ukuba yiyiphi i-sunscreen efanelekileyo, kwaye iya kunika umntwana ithuba lokufunwa. Kude sisazi ngakumbi, iQela loLimo lokuSingqongileyo lidibanise isikhokelo sobume be-sunscreen esinokuyenza enye yomthetho kuwe njengoko uzama ukuhamba indlela yakho ngokusebenzisa ubuninzi beemveliso ezikhoyo.
I-Vitamin D kunye ne-Ray Ray
Njengazo zinto ezininzi kwizonyango, sifunda ukuba ngelixa ilanga lingabangela umonakalo wesikhumba obangela ukugqabhuka kwangaphambili kunye nomhlaza wesikhumba, kukho nezinye iinzuzo zexesha elangeni.
Ukugqoka i-sunscreen kunokunceda ukukhusela umdlavuza wesikhumba, kodwa kwi-downside, kunokubangela ukungabikho kwe-vitamin D. I-vitamin D yokunqongophala, kwakhona, inxulumene nezifo ezininzi ezivela kwiqela ezinomdlavuza ukuya kwi-multiple sclerosis.
Ziziphi iimithombo zevithamini D? Enye yeendlela eziphambili umzimba wethu ukufumana i-vitamin D ngukungena kwi-sun exposure. Unokucinga ngemithombo yokutya, kodwa oku kunzima ngesondlo sokutya. Izifundo ekuthintela umdlavuza zikhuthaza ukunconywa kwe-1,000 eziphezulu ze-2,000 ze-IU zemihla ngemihla. Igalazi yobisi iqulethe i-100 ye-IU. Ngamanye amazwi, kungathabatha iiglasi ezingama-20 zobisi imihla ngemihla ukufumana i-vitamin D eyaneleyo, into engafanelanga nokutya okunempilo. Izibonelelo ziyafumaneka kwakhona. Ngokwahlukileyo, ukuchitha imizuzu eyi-10 ukuya kwe-15 elangeni ngaphandle kwesikrini sobusuku kwintsuku ehlobo kwimpahla yokukhanya kunokubangela ukufunyanwa kwe-5 000 ye-IU.
Ekubeni uninzi lwabantu baseMerika luncinci kunamanqanaba e-vitamin D anconywayo, amaninzi kwimibutho ye-dermatology ngoku iqwalasela ngokutsha iziphakamiso zabo zangaphambili ze-sunscreen mhlawumbi ziquka ixesha elifutshane elangeni ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa kwe-sunscreen. Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nentsha yakho, ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula kuyakukwazi ukubona ukuba liphi izinga lakhe, kwaye isifo sezingane sakho sinokukunceda ukuba wenze isigqibo sokuba ngaba kufuneka uncedo okanye ixesha elithile elangeni. Ukongezelela, gcina amehlo akho kwiincomo zedermatology ngokubhekiselele kwimihla yokutshatyalaliswa kwelanga enokutshintsha.
Ngaphantsi kweTan Skin
Imilayezo ye-UVA kunye ne-UVB, ukusuka elangeni okanye kwibhedi lokuqhawula, yintoni eyenza ulusu lube lukhuni. Kukho iingozi zokucoca, kwaye kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngeengxaki zakho kunye nentombazana yakho. Enyanisweni, ukuxubusha ingozi kunye neenzuzo zokukhanya kwelanga yindlela efanelekileyo yokuxoxa ngokubaluleka kokumodareyitha kwimisebenzi emininzi ebomini babo.
Imithombo:
Couteau, C., Diarra, H., noL. Coiffard. Umphumo wohlobo lweMveliso, weMount of Product Applied Sunscreen Product, kunye neNqanaba loKhuseleko kwi-UVB Range kwiNqanaba leKhuseleko eliphunyeziweyo kwi-UVA Range. International Journal of Pharmaceutics . 2016. 55 (1-2): 210-6.
Kumar, Vinay, Abul K. Abbas, uJon C. Aster, noJames A. Perkins. IiRobbins kunye neCotran Pathologic Basis of Disease. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier / Saunders, 2015. Print.