Ayonyani! Uninzi lwabasetyhini luvelisa ngaphezu kobisi olwaneleyo . Enyanisweni, ubuninzi bebisi buqhelekileyo. Uninzi lweentsana ezithoba kakhulu, okanye zinciphisa umzimba, zenze njalo ngenxa yokuba unina akanalo ubisi obaneleyo , kodwa ngenxa yokuba umntwana akafumani ubisi unina. Isizathu esivamile sokuthi umntwana akafumani ubisi olukhoyo kukuba akaxhomekanga kwibele.
Yingakho kubalulekile ukuba umama aboniswe, ngosuku lokuqala , indlela yokutsala umntwana ngokufanelekileyo, ngomntu owaziyo abakwenzayo.
2. Kuqhelekile ukuba uncelise ukunyamezela.
Ayonyani! Nangona ububele bobudlelwane beentsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala bungaqhelekanga, oku kufuneka kube yimeko yesikhashana ehlala iintsuku ezimbalwa kwaye akufuneki kube yinto embi kangangokuba unina wesaba ukongika. Naluphi na ubuhlungu obugqithiseleyo obunzima kwaye phantse kubangelwa intsana yokungcebeleka. Naluphi na ubuhlungu beentlungu ezingaphumelelanga ngosuku 3 okanye 4 okanye oluhlala ngaphaya kweentsuku ezingama-5 okanye ze-6 akufanele zinyanzeliswe. Ukuqala kokuqala kwentlungu xa izinto zihamba kakuhle ngexesha elithile zingakho ngenxa yesifo sovulo seengono. Ixesha lokutya elincinci alithinteli ukukhathazeka.
3. Akukho ubisi (okwaneleyo) ubisi phakathi kweentsuku ezintathu okanye ezine emva kokuzalwa.
Ayonyani! Ngokusoloko kubonakala ngathi ngenxa yokuba umntwana akachithwanga kakuhle kwaye ngoko akakwazi ukufumana ubisi.
Emva kokuba ubisi lomama lukhulu, umntwana usenokungena i-latch kwizinto ezimbi kwaye usenokufumana ubisi obuninzi. Nangona kunjalo, ngeentsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala, umntwana okhutshwe ngokungafanelekileyo akanakufumana ubisi. Le ngxelo ithi "kodwa ubeneminyaka engama-2 iiyure kwaye ulambile xa ndimthabatha". Ngokungagqithisi kakuhle, umntwana akanako ukufumana ubisi lokuqala lomama, obizwa ngokuthi i-colostrum.
Nabani na ophakamisa ukuba upombele ubisi lwakho ukuba wazi ukuba lukhulu kangakanani, aluqondi kakuhle ukuncelisa, kwaye kufuneka ahoxiswe ngokukhululekile.
4. Ingane kufuneka ibe sebele (10, 15, 7.6) imizuzu kwicala ngalinye.
Ayonyani! Nangona kunjalo, ulwahlulo kufuneka lenziwe phakathi "nokuba sebele" kunye " nokuncelisa ". Ukuba umntwana uyaphuza ngokwenene imizuzu engama-15-20 kwicala lokuqala, akanakho ukufuna ukuthatha icala lesibini. Ukuba usela kuphela umzuzu kwinqanaba lokuqala, aze aphele okanye alele, kwaye enze okufanayo kwenye, akukho nxalenye yexesha elaneleyo. Usana luya kuncelisa ngakumbi kwaye lube lude xa lugcinwa kakuhle . Unokukuncedwa ukuba ancelise ixesha elide xa unina unyanzela ibele ukuze agcine ukuhamba kwebisi, xa engasayi kuguqula. Ngaloo ndlela kubonakala ukuba ulawulo lwesithupha "ukuba umntwana ufumana i-90% yobisi ebeleni kwiminqaku yokuqala yokuqala" ayikho into engafanelekanga.
5. Intsana yokuncelisa ifuna amanzi angaphezulu kwimozulu eshushu.
Ayonyani! Ubisi lwebele lubandakanya onke amanzi afunwa ngumntwana.
6. Iintsana zokubeleka zidinga ii vitamin D.
Ayonyani! Ngaphandle kweemeko ezingavamile (umzekelo, ukuba unina ngokwakhe wayenobunzima be-vitamin D ngexesha lokukhulelwa).
Ingane igcina i-vitamin D ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kunye nokunyuka okufutshane, rhoqo, kunika umntwana yonke i-vitamin D ayifunayo.
7. Umama kufuneka ahlambe iimbumba zakhe rhoqo ngaphambi kokuba ancelise umntwana.
Ayonyani! Ukutya kwe-Formula kufuna ukunyamekela ngokucokisekileyo ukucoceka kuba i-formula ayifuni nje ukukhusela umntwana ngokusuleleka sulelo, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo yindawo efanelekileyo yokuzalisa iibhaktheriya kwaye inokungcoliswa lula. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ubisi lwebele lubakhusela umntwana ngokusuleleka sulelo. Ukuhlamba iipuni ngaphambi kokutya kusondeza ukuba ukuncelisa kuncelisekile kwaye kuhlamba ioli ekhuselekileyo.
8. Ukupompa yindlela efanelekileyo yokwazi ukuba ubisi oluninawo unina.
Ayonyani! Ubungakanani bisi obungaphunyezwa buxhomekeka kwiimeko ezininzi, kubandakanywa neqondo lokuxinwa ngumama. Usana olumancinci kakuhle lunokufumana ubisi oluninzi kunokuba unina unakho ukupompa. Ukuhlamba kuphela kukuxelela ukuba unako ukupompa.
9. Ubisi lwesisu aluqukethe isinyithi esaneleyo kwimfuno zomntwana.
Ayonyani! Ubisi lwebele lubandakanya isinyithi esaneleyo kwimfuno zomntwana. Ukuba umntwana usexesha elipheleleyo uya kufumana isinyithi esaneleyo kubisi lwebele ukuze amgcine ubuncinane kwiinyanga ezi-6 zokuqala. Iifomula ziqukethe insimbi eninzi , kodwa le nto ingaba yimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana uthatha okwaneleyo ukukhusela ukungabi ncitshiswa kwesimbi. Insimbi kwifomula ayifumene kakuhle , kwaye ininzi yalo, umntwana uyabetha. Ngokuqhelekileyo, akukho mfuneko yokongeza ezinye ukutya kubisi lwebele ngaphambi kweenyanga ezili-6.
10. Kulula ukufumana ukutya kwebhotile kunokuba uncelise.
Ayonyani! Okanye, oku akufanele kwenzeke. Nangona kunjalo, ukuncelisa kuncitshiswa kuba nzima kuba abafazi kaninzi abafumani uncedo ekufuneka baqalise ngokufanelekileyo. Isiqalo esilungileyo sinokubangela ukuba kuncelise kuncelisa. Kodwa isiqalo esihluphekileyo sinokukunqoba. Ukuncelisa ukubeleka kubanzi kunzima ekuqaleni, ngenxa yokuqala okubi, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo kuba lula kamva.
11. Ukuxhatshaza umama umama.
Ayonyani! Kodwa kuxhomekeke ekubeni ujonga ngayo. Umntwana unokunyamekela naphi na, nanini na, kwaye ngokunjalo ukunyamezela kuyakhulula umama. Akukho mfuneko yokudonsa kwiibhotile okanye kwifom. Asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka malunga nokuba unokufudumala ubisi. Asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka malunga nokubola. Asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka ngendlela umntwana wakho ayenayo, kuba unayo.
12. Ayikho indlela yokukwazi ukuba ubuninzi bebisi usana lufumana njani.
Ayonyani! Akukho ndlela elula yokulinganisa ukuba umntwana ufumana kangakanani, kodwa oku akuthethi ukuba awukwazi ukuba umntwana uyakwazi yini. Indlela efanelekileyo yokukwazi ukuba umntwana uyayiphuza emathubeni emininzi kwimini yesondlo ngasinye (vula; phawuza; uhlobo olusondeleyo lokusana). Ezinye iindlela zinceda ukubonisa ukuba umntwana ufumana ininzi.
13. Iifomula zanamhlanje zifana nokufana nobisi lwebele.
Ayonyani! Ibango elifanayo lenziwe ngo-1900 nangaphambili. Iifomula zanamhlanje zifana nje nobisi lwebele.
Zonke izilungiso zokusilela kwiifomula zipapashwa njengexesha eliphambili. Ngokuqinisekileyo ziyikopi ezingekho emthethweni ngokusekelwe kwixesha elidlulileyo nelingaphelelanga lento yobisi lwebele. Iifomula aziqukethe i-antibodies, ayikho iiseli eziphilayo, ayikho i-enzyme, ayikho i-hormone. Ziqukethe i-aluminium eninzi, i-manganese, i-cadmium nentsimbi kunobisi lwebele.
Zineeprotheyini kakhulu kunobisi lwebele. Iiprotheni kunye namafutha ahluke ngokukodwa kulawo obisi lwebele. Iifomula azifani ukusuka ekuqaleni kwesondlo ukuya ekupheleni kokutya, okanye ukususela ngomhla we-1 ukuya ku-7 ukuya kweentsuku ezingama-30, okanye ukusuka kumfazi ukuya kumfazi, okanye ukusuka kwintsana ukuya kwintsana ... Ubisi lwakho lwebele luyenziwe njengoko kufuneka uhambele umntwana wakho . Iifomula zenziwe zihambelane nazo zonke iintsana, kwaye ke akukho ntsana. Iifomula ziphumelela kuphela ekwenzeni iintsana zikhule kakuhle, ngokuqhelekileyo, kodwa kuninzi ukuncelisa kunokuba umntwana akhule ngokukhawuleza.
14. Ukuba unina unesifo kufuneka ayeke ukuncelisa.
Ayonyani! Kanye kakhulu, bambalwa kakhulu, umntwana uya kukhuselwa ngumama oqhubeka ebelesa. Ngethuba ixesha unina unomkhuhlane (okanye ukukhwehlela, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo, ukuhlambalaza, njl.) Uye wanika umntwana intsholongwane, ekubeni sele esuleleka iintsholongwane ngaphambi kokuba wazi ukuba uyagula. Ukukhusela okusemgangathweni kosana ekufumaneni isifo kukuba umama aqhubeke nokuncelisa. Ukuba umntwana uyagula, uya kugula xa umama eqhubeka encelisa. Ngaphandle koko, mhlawumbi kwakungumntwana owanikezela unyango kumama, kodwa umntwana akazange abonise iimpawu zokugula kuba wayencelisayo.
Kwakhona, ukusulelwa kwebele , kubandakanya ukungabikho kwebele, nokuba kubuhlungu, akuzona izizathu zokuyeka ukuncelisa. Enyanisweni, usulelo luya kulungiswa ngokukhawuleza ukuba umama uyaqhubeka nokuncelisa ilanga kwicala elichaphazelekayo.
15. Ukuba umntwana unesifo sohudo okanye ahlanza, umama kufuneka ayeke ukuncelisa.
Ayonyani! Iyeza elona lihle kunesifo sesisu esisiswini sisancelisayo. Yeka ezinye ukutya ngexesha elifutshane, kodwa qhubeka uncelisa. Ubisi lwebele lubona kuphela umbane wakho umntwana ofuna xa unesifo sohudo kunye / okanye ukuhlanza, ngaphandle kweemeko ezikhethekileyo. Isisombululo sokusebenzisa "izixazululo zomlomo" ngokukodwa sisisombululo (kunye nezisombululo ezenziwe ngomlomo) abavelisi ukwenza imali engakumbi.
Usana luyathuthuzelwa ngonyameko, kwaye unina uyathuthuzelwa ngokunyelwa kwengane.
16. Ukuba unina uthatha iyeza akufanele abele.
Ayonyani! Kukho amayeza ambalwa kakhulu umama akakwazi ukufumana ngokukhuselekileyo ngexesha lokuncelisa. Inani elincinci lamayeza amaninzi lubonakala ngobisi, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo kwizinto ezincinci ezinokungakhathazeki. Ukuba iyeza liyakhathazeka ngokwenene, ngokuqhelekileyo kusebenza ngokufanayo, amanye amayeza aphephile. Ubungozi bokutya okufakelwayo kumama kunye nosana kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo xa ulinganisa ukuba ukufuyiswa kufuneka kuqhutywe (ii-Handouts # 9a kunye b Ufanele uqhubeke nokubeletha).
nguJack Newman, MD, i-FRCPC