Phantse iipesenti ezi-4 zezibini ezithandanayo kunye neengcambu ze- chromosome eziqhelekileyo kumzali omnye okanye bobabini abangakwazi ukuqhubeka nokukhulelwa kwangaphambili, ngoko ke abanye oogqirha bacebisa iimvavanyo zekaryotype zabazali njengenxalenye yophando.
Iingxaki zeChromosome zibangela ngaphezu kwesigamu sazo zonke izilahleko . Kwiimeko ezininzi, iingxaki zivela ngexesha lokwakhiwa kwesidoda okanye iqanda kwaye abazuze ilifa kubazali, ngoko iimeko ezinokuthi ukukhulelwa kwakho okulandelayo aziyi kuba nemiphumo efanayo.
Ziyintoni i-Karyotype Uvavanyo?
Uvavanyo lwekaryotype aluyilo vavanyo olubanzi kuyo yonke into eyaziwayo yesifo. Kunoko, uvavanyo luvavanya inani kunye nesakhiwo se-chromosomes.
Amaseli esintu kufuneka abe nama-chromosomes angama-46 (iimbini ezingama-23), ngoko uvavanyo lwekaryotype luyakwazi ukuphazamiseka kwale nombolo kunye nokungaqhelekanga kwi-chromosome ukwakheka.
Ukusuka kwindlela yokuphuphuma kwesisu, ugqirha ugunyazisa i-karyotype iimvavanyo kubazali abaza kubafumana ukufumana iingxaki okanye izicubu zokukhulelwa ukuze zibone izinto ezikhoyo kwintsana ethile.
Abazali bamaKaryotypes kunye neengozi zokuHlaliswa koLuntu
Imiba ephantsi kwe-chromosome ithintela kuphela inani elincinane kakhulu leembini zineziqhekeza eziphindaphindiweyo. Iimeko eziqhelekileyo kulezi zibini zihamba ngokukhawuleza , oko kuthetha ukuba iindawo ze-chromosomes zihlelwa kwakhona.
I-karyotype ingabonakalisa nezinye iintlobo zokutshintshela okanye imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-chromosomal mosaicism.
Ngubani omele abe neemvavanyo?
Abanye, kodwa kungabikho bonke, oogqirha baquka i-karyotyping yabazali njengolu vavanyo oluqhelekileyo kwizibini ezithandwayo. Abanye oogqirha basebenzisa uvavanyo kuphela kwizibini ezinomngcipheko ophezulu wokuba nemeko enxulumene ne-chromosome. Kuqhelekile ukuvavanya abazali bobabini.
Isizathu esenza ukuba oogqirha abaninzi bangalandeli ii-karyotypes zabazali ngokuqhelekileyo kukuba nangona uvavanyo lufumanisa into engafanelekiyo, akukho nto enokuyenza ngayo ngenxa yokuba ezininzi izibini ezinamaKaryotypes ezingavamile ziqhubeka zizama.
Ngaba i-IVF iyanciphisa ingozi yokutshatyalaliswa komtshato?
Olunye unyango olunokwenzeka kulezi ziko kukuzama ukusebenzisa i-vitro fertilization (IVF) kunye nokuhlolwa kwangaphambili kwemfuyo yeembrusi. Kodwa ukusebenzisa ukungenelelo akubonakali ukutshintsha iziphumo ezigqwesileyo.
I-IVF inokukhawulezisa inkqubo yokukhulelwa okuqhelekileyo, kwaye oogqirha bancedisa ukuyisebenzisa, kodwa i-IVF nayo ayivumelekanga kwiibini ezininzi ngenxa yokuba:
- ingena
- kubiza
- ayisoloko ihlanganiswa yinshorensi yempilo
Enyanisweni, uphando lubonisa ukuba kuthelekiswa nezibini ezisebenzisa ii-IVF, izibini eziqhubekayo zizama ukungena nxamnye neengxaki ezifanayo (malunga nama-68 ekhulwini) ekugqibeleni ukukhulelwa okuqhelekileyo.
Ixabiso le-Karyotype Testing
Ngenxa yokuba oogqirha bacebisa iingqabane ezineengxaki ze-chromosome ekuqinisekiseni ukuqhubeka nokuzama ukukhulelwa ngokuqhelekileyo, ukubaluleka kokuhlolwa kwe-chromosome yabazali kuyabonakala. Sekunjalo, oogqirha abaninzi nabazali abaza kuba bakhetha ukufumana ulwazi oluninzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Ukuba unayo uvavanyo kwaye ufumene iziphumo ezingavumelekanga, umcebisi wezofuzo unokukunceda ukuba uqonde ukuba ungaphi ukusuka apha. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuba iziphumo ziqhelekile, uya kuqonda ukuba akukho nto iyaziwa ngayo i-chromosome disorder echaphazela iziganeko zakho zokukhulelwa okuphumelelayo.
Imithombo:
Stephenson, uMary D. kunye no-Sony Sierra. Iziphumo zokuzala ekulahlekeni kokukhulelwa okuqhelekileyo ezinxulumene nomphathiswa womzali we-chromosome rearrangement. Ukuzaliswa kwabantu ngo- 2006 21 (4): 1076-1082.
Sugiura-Ogasawara, Mayumi noKaoru Suzumori. "Ngaba ukuxilongwa kwe-genetic diagnostic kwangaphambili kunokuphucula izinga lokuphumelela kubanini abaphindaphindiweyo abanokufuduka?" Ukuzaliswa koBuntu 2005 20 (12): 3267-3270.
Ukusebenzisa iiKaryotypes ukuXela izifo zokuGenesis. Isiko loFundo lweNzululwazi yeSizwe sase-University of Utah.