Gwema aba Mmeli ngeNgcipheko yokuHlaliswa koLuntu oluNcinci kunye nokuKhulelwa komzimba
I-teratogen yintsebenziswano ephazamisa uphuhliso lomntwana xa umama evezwe ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Iitroatogens eziwayo ziquka iichiza ezinobuthi, i-radiation, iintsholongwane, utywala, ukutshaya, iziyobisi ezithile zemithi kunye namanye amaninzi.
Yintoni iTatatogen?
I-teratogen nayiphi na i-arhente ebangela ukuba kubekho ukungaqhelekanga xa umntwana okhulayo ebonakala kuyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa kukaMama.
Ezi "zokungcola kwendalo" zingabangela iziphene zokuzalwa kunye nezinye iingxaki. I-Teratogens inokuthi ifumaneke kwimiphumo esuka kwi-mild-to-severe, kwaye isoloko iyingozi kakhulu ekukhulelweni kokuqala kunye nokugqithisa ngokweqile okanye ixesha elide. Kukho imiba emininzi echaphazela ubunzima befuthe:
- uhlobo lwe-arhente-yintoni i-agent kwaye yintoni enokuyenza kumntwana okhulayo ?
- idosi - ingaba ininzi ye-ejenti yayingu-fetus?
- ixesha lokubhenca - i-fetus yayidlulise ixesha elingakanani kwi-arhente?
- ixesha lokubhenca - xa ekukhulelweni kwakuyi-fetus evelele kwi-arhente?
- i-genetics - ngaba i-genetics ekhethekileyo yomama okanye umntwana uyabakhusela okanye abenze bafumaneke ngakumbi kwi-arhente?
Iintlobo zeTatogogen
Mhlawumbi i-teratogens ebalulekileyo kakhulu namhlanje itywala kunye nokutshaya. Ziphakathi kwezona zizathu ezikhuselweyo zokubangela ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa kunye nokukhubazeka okuphuhlisayo.
Ezinye i-agent ze-teratogenic ziquka:
- iziyobisi-imithi, i-over-counter-counter, okanye yokuzonwabisa
- ii-rubella, i-cytomegalovirus, i-varicella, i-herpes simplex, i-toxoplasma, i-syphilis, njl.
- i-agents agents - imisebe, i-hyperthermia, njl.
- izifo zempilo zomama - isifo sikashukela, i-PKU yomama, njl.
- iikhemikhali zendalo-i-organic mercury compounds, i-polyiplorinated biphenyl okanye i-PCB, i-herbicide kunye ne-solvents ye-industrial, njl.
Utywala kunye nokukhulelwa
Utywala ngenye yezona zininzi malunga ne-teratogens. Ngokukhawuleza kudlula egazini lakho ukuya kwigazi lomntwana wakho kwi-placenta kunye nentambo yomlomo. Umntwana wakho unomlinganiselo ofanayo wegazi owenzayo xa usela, kodwa akanalo ukufana okufanayo ukuphula utywala.
Ukusela ngexesha lokukhulelwa kubangela ukuba:
- ukukhulelwa kwesisu
- kuzalwa
- ukuzalwa kwangaphambi
Ukutywala kotywala ngexesha lokukhulelwa liyona nto ebaluleke kakhulu yokungabikho kwemfuyo yengqondo engqondweni e-US. Ukuba umntwana utywala utywala - ingakumbi okanye ixesha elide lokukhulelwa-kunomngcipheko weengxaki ze-fetal alcohol (i-FASD ) okanye, ngokugqithiseleyo, isifo se-fetal alcohol (FAS). I-fetal alcohol syndrome ibhalwe ngumzekelo wokukhubazeka okuzalwa kuquka:
- ubuncinane bekhanda nomzimba
- iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zobuso
- iingxaki zokufunda nokuziphatha
Ngenhlanhla, ulawulo olupheleleyo malunga nokutyalwa komntwana wakho kotywala ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Amaziko okuLawula nokuLawulwa kweMilwelwe ukuba abafazi abalala ngesondo kufuneka bayeke ukusela ngokugqibeleleyo xa beyeka ukusebenzisa ulawulo lokuzalwa.
Ukutshaya nokukhulelwa
Ukubhema ngenye i-teratogen enkulu. Ukuba utshaya ngexesha lokukhulelwa, iikhemikhali (i-nicotine, i-carbon monoxide, i-tar, njl njl.) Iya kudlula kwi-bloodstream yakho ye-baby, apho iyakunciphisa umntwana we-oksijini efuna ukuphuhliso olufanelekileyo.
Kukho iziphumo ezininzi ezibi kakhulu zokutshaya ngexesha lokukhulelwa:
- ukukhulelwa kwesisu
- kuzalwa
- iziphoso zokuzalwa
- ukukhulelwa kwe-ectopic
- ukuphuma kwegazi
- ukuqala komsebenzi kunye nokuzalwa ngaphambi kokuzalwa
- ukuphazamiseka kwamaplanga
- placenta previa
- ukuzalwa okuphantsi
- i-infant disease death syndrome (i-SIDS)
Kungcono ukuyeka ukutshaya ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe, kodwa ukuyeka nanini na ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunokunceda impilo yengane yakho kunye nempilo yokukhulelwa.
Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo: i- tertogens
Imithombo:
Abafazi abangaphezu kwezigidi ezi-3 base-US abasemngciphekweni wokukhulelwa kokunxila. Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo. NgoFebruwari 2, 2016.
Ukutshaya ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Matshi weDimes. Disemba, 2015.
Uhlobo lwezobisi kunye nokukhulelwa kwengxelo. MotherToBaby. Meyi 2014.
Utywala ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Matshi weDimes. Julayi 2012.
I-Teratogens / Ubuthathaka obuncinane. Ukuqonda i-Genetics: Isikhokelo seSithili sase-Columbia kubaPhezulu kunye nabaPhezulu bezeMpilo. Genetic Alliance; Isebe lezeMpilo leSithili sase-Columbia. NgoFebruwari 17, 2010.