Funda indlela kwaye kutheni amawele amaFomu
Kukho i-mystique edibeneyo neeplani. Amawele kunye nokuphindaphindwa yizinto ezichaphazelekayo kunye nenkathalo. Nangona baye baxhaphaka kwizizukulwana zakutshanje, basengumzekelo ongaqhelekanga. Kuzo zonke iikhulu zabantu oza kuhlangana nazo, ezintathu kuphela ziza kuba iwele, kwaye bancinci banokuthi ibango le-triplet okanye i-multiple order order.
Ngenxa yobunqongophala babo, kukho ukungaqondani okukhulu ngabo. Enye yeengxaki ezingaqhelekanga zibangelwa amawele kunye nokuphindaphinda.
Iintlobo zamawele
Akunakucala konke okubanjelwa kweso sizathu. Ukuze uqonde izizathu zamapasa, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba kukho iindidi ezimbini zeewele, ezihlelwe yi- zygosity . Ziquka:
- Ifomati ye-Monozygotic ifom ephuma kwi- zygote enye (iqanda elikhulelweyo) elidibanisa emva kokuchumisa. Amawele e-Monozygotic ayaziwa ngokuba ngamawele afanayo ngenxa yokuba avela kwintsebenzo enye yeqanda / idiza kunye nokwabelana ngemvelaphi efanayo yemvelo, ngoko bahlala bebukeka ngokufanayo kwaye babelana ngeziganeko ezifanayo. Amawele e-Monozygotic ahlala efana nesini (kunye nembalwa kakhulu, inqabileyo, ngaphandle ).
- I-Dizygotic okanye i- multizygotic, ifomulsi ifomu ukusuka kumabini amabini okanye ngaphezulu, anamaqanda ahlukeneyo atyunjwa yi-sperm ehlukeneyo eyabelana ngexesha elifanayo lokuxhatshazwa. Amawele e-Dizygotic aziwa ngokuqhelekileyo njengamawele asondelene . Ngokudibanisa kwabo ngokwahlukileyo kweentsholongwane, baneenxibelelwano ezifanayo zofuzo njengabanye abantakwabo kodwa babelane ngesibeleko ngexesha lesisu. Amawele e-Dizygotic angaba ngamakhwenkwe, amantombazana, okanye intlangano.
Inkqubo yokuzaliswa
Ngethuba lomjikelezo oqhelekileyo we-ovulation, iqanda elilodwa (okanye i- oocyte ) likhutshwa kwii-ovaries zamabhinqa. Ukuba iqanda lixutywa yi-sperm evela kwindoda ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo, i- zygote ephumela ekubeni isisu somfazi, ukwahlula nokuphindaphinda ngokusebenzisa inkqubo ye-mitosis, apho iya kutshalwa kwaye ikhule ibe ngumbungu kwaye ekugqibeleni ibe ngumntwana.
Indlela yeDizygotic (Abazalwana) Ifom yeFom
Ngamanye amaxesha, ngaphezu kweqanda elinye likhutshwa ngexesha lokuvuthwa. Ukuba amaqanda amabini ahlonywa ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo kwaye zombini ukufakelwa ngempumelelo kwisibeleko, umphumo ukukhulelwa okubanzi. Ukuba kukho amaqanda angaphezu kwama-2 akhululwa, azaliswe, kwaye azaliswe, umphumo uninzi lwama-multiplegogotic, iindidi eziphezulu eziphezulu ezifana neentathu (3), i- quadruplets (4), i- quintuplets (5), isondo (6), i-septuplets (7), i- octuplets (8), okanye nangaphezulu, nangona kungekho phindaphinda ngaphesheya kwezinto ezixakekileyo eziye zaziwa ukuba zisinde.
Iimbangela zeDizygotic (abazalwana) amawele
I-dizygotic okanye amawele omzimba ngokufanayo ngendlela bonke abantu abayenzayo, ngokubambisana kwesidoda kunye neqanda. Inkcazo ye-twinning dizygotic ikhona ngenxa ye-hyperovulation, oku kukhululwa kweeyayi ngaphezulu kweyure. Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuxhatshazwa kunye nenye nayiphi na into okanye inhlanganisela yezinto ezinokuthi ithathwa ngokuba yimbangela yamawele omzalwana.
Izinto kwi-Hyperovulation
IiHormone zilawula inkqubo yokuhamba. Ngokuqhelekileyo, batyhola umzimba ukuba ukhulule iqanda elilodwa kumjikelezo, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha aqalise ukukhululwa kwamaqanda amabini okanye ngaphezulu. Ezinye zezinto ezinokuba nefuthe kuma-hormone kwaye zichaphazela le nkqubo zi:
- Ukuyeka ukusetyenziswa kweepilisi zolawulo lokuzalwa okanye ukusetyenziswa okungaqhelekanga kweepilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa
- Ukuncelisa
- Ukusebenzisa iziyobisi ezinjenge- Clomid
- Ukunyameka, okuchazwa njengabesetyhini abane-BMI ngaphezulu kwama-30, njengoko izitya ezongezelelweyo zeoli zivelisa amanqanaba okwanda kwe-estrogen
Ezinye izinto kwi-Hyperovulation
Ezinye izinto zicingelwa ukuba zivelise ukuxhatshazwa kwabasetyhini kwaye zenze amawele, afana ne:
- I-Genetics : Abanye besetyhini banokuthi baxhomekeke rhoqo kwaye kukho imfuza ebangela ukuba benze njalo. Nangona bobabini nabesifazana bephethe i-gene, ngabafazi abasetyhini kuphela, ngoko-ke umfazi onomdla wokuba ne-hyperoxates angaba namawele omzalwana. Indoda ene-gene yayingeke ikwazi ukuba namawele, kodwa ingadlulisela impawu kwintombi yakhe, mhlawumbi ibe ngumviwa ukuba abe namawele.
- Imbali yentsapho: Abasetyhini abaye bazalela kwaye bazala abantwana abaninzi sele benokuba namathuba amawele. Nangona ukukhulelwa kwangaphambili akubanga i-hyperovulation okanye kubangele amawele, kunokwenzeka ukuba isibeleko sikamama sisisigxina kakhulu sokugcina ukukhulelwa kwamawele.
- Ubudala bomama: Njengoko ukhula, unako ukuhlaziya. Mhlawumbi ngumzamo womzimba wokukhawuleza ukuvelisa ngaphambi kokuba ixesha liphume. Abasetyhini abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-30 banamathuba okuba namawele, kwaye isantya sanda nangaphezulu emva kweminyaka engama-35.
- Ukuphakama : Abafazi abakhulu banomlinganiselo ophezulu kunamaqondo aphezulu okukhulelwa. Izizathu azikodwa ngokukodwa, kodwa mhlawumbi kuba ukuphakama okongeziweyo kuhambelana nokutya okunomsoco, okanye ukuphakama okongeziweyo kunika ikamelo elithile kwisibeleko, ukwenza ukukhulelwa okungakumbi kunokwenzeka ukuba kukhule.
- Uhlanga : Abafazi baseAfrika bavelisa inani eliphakamileyo lamamawele angaphezu kwamabhinqa aseAsia.
- Ukutya : Amazinga aphezulu amawele atholakala kwiinkcubeko apho ukutya kucebile kwimizi equkethe i-phytoestrogen. Omnye umzekelo wesizwe saseYoruba eNigeria, esinamazinga aphezulu amawele kuwo nayiphi na indawo ehlabathini.
Iimbangela ze-Monozygotic (ezifanayo) Iimbasa
Iimbangela zokuwahluza okufanayo zibaninzi. Akukho nkcazo ecacileyo inikwe isayensi. Idatha malunga namawele e-monozygotic kwiindawo zibonisa ukuba izinga lihlala lizinzile kwiindawo kunye namaxesha. Akukho mfundiso ethile eqinisekisiweyo ukuba kutheni iqhekeza elityalisiweyo lizahlukana kwaye likhula kwimibungu emibili.
Njengoko iteknoloji iphucula, izazinzulu zisondela ekufumaneni iimpendulo. Olunye uvavanyo luka-2007 lwalisebenzisa isofthiwe ekhethekileyo yekhompyutha ukuba ifake iifoto zeembryo ezikhulayo kwaye zafumanisa ukuba i-embryo iyanqamuka, ikwahlula iiseli ezingamaqhekeza kwisiqingatha kwaye izahlula zibe ziisethi ezimbini zezinto eziphathekayo zofuzo ezizenzayo njengama-fetus ahlukeneyo.
Nangona ukufumanisa kubalulekile, kwakungazange kubone isizathu sokuba ukwahlukana okanye kuchaze ukuba kutheni kwenzeka amawele afanayo. Akukho nxu lumene. Ezinye iingcamango zicetywayo kodwa zingagqitywanga. Ezi ziquka:
- I-enzyme kwisidoda
- Ukuguquka kwiseli ye-blastocyst
- Ubudala beqanda emva kokuvuthwa
Iimbasa eziqhelekileyo zibhekwa njengento engahleliweyo kwaye zingachazwanga. Imfihlelo inxalenye yemilingo yabo kunye ne-mystique.
Unyango lwezonyango kunye namawele
Ukusetyenziswa kokunyanga kwezilwanyana zonyango kuye kwaphumela ekunyusweni kwamawele okuzalwa. Amachiza anokwandisa izilwanyana kunye neenjini zifaka isandla kwi-hyperovulation kwaye zingabangela amawele angama-dizygotic. Ukusabalalisa ngokuchanekileyo (unyango lwe-IUI) aluyonyusa izinga lamawele kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo lihambelana nomsebenzi wokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezikhulayo.
Ukwelashwa kwe-IVF (in vitro fertilization) inokubangela amawele angamaqabane. Olu unyango lubandakanya ukudlulisa ama-embryo (okanye), okanye amaqanda azalisiweyo, kwisibeleko sikamama. Ngokuqhelekileyo ama-embrasi amabini okanye angaphezulu adluliselwa ukunyusa amathuba okuphumelela, ngezinye izikhathi kubangele ukuphindaphinda.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, unyango lwezityalo aluqwalaselwe njengembangela yamawele afanayo. Nangona kunjalo, izinga lejubane le-monozygotic liphezulu kakhulu phakathi kokukhulelwa okuveliswe ngumncedisi wokuzala, ngokukodwa kwiimeko ze- IVF apho umbungu utyalwa ngaphandle kwesibeleko aze adluliselwe kumama. Nangona kunjalo, njengemibono yemvelo yeewele ze-monozygotic, izizathu aziqondi kakuhle.