Ulwazi olubanzi malunga nokuzalwa kwamaxesha amaninzi kwe-Quadruplet
I-quadruplets iqoqo leentlobo ezine ezizalwe ngexesha lokuzalwa. Umntu oyingxenye yolu hlobo usethiwa yi- quadruplet kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ubizwa ngokuba yi- quad .
Iintlobo
Ii-quadruplets zinokuba zizihlobo (i- multizygotic ), ezifanayo ( monozygotic ) okanye ukudibanisa kokubili. Iinqununu ezininzi ze-Multizygotic zivela kwiintlobo ezine ezidibeneyo zeqanda / i-sperm. Iziphindaphindwa zeMonozygotic ziphumo zeqanda elikhulayo eliqhekeka kwiibhokhwe ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu.
Kunokwenzeka ukuba ukwahlukana kwenzeke ngaphezu kweyodwa, ukuvelisa i- monozygotic triplets okanye iqoqo elinqabileyo le-monozygotic quadruplets. Iinqununu ezineziqhelo ezi-monozygotic aziqhelekanga, zimela enye kuphela malunga nezigidi ezi-13 zokukhulelwa (ngokweli nqaku leendaba). Ngokomphando ovela kwintlangano exhasa oomama bamawele aphezulu (Ukukhulisa aMaqela: Uluntu olubanzi), ngaphezu kwesigamu seentsapho ezibhalisiweyo kunye nemibutho yazo zidibanisa nabantu abasebenzisa i-monozygotic kunye ne-multizygotic. I-quadruplets ingaba yindoda, yonke intokazi, okanye ukudibana kokubili. Amanqwanqwa ama-Monozygotic aya kuhlala efana nesini.
Ngomhla kaJanuwari 2008, umama waseMaldanese wazala isethi yamathathu amane aquka ezintathu ezintathu ezifanayo. Iimbumba ezimbini zatshintshelwe kumama, kwaye zombini zachumiswa ngempumelelo. Omnye wabo ukwahlula, aze aphinde aphinda ahlule, avelise ama-triplets afanayo. Izikhulu zezibhedlele zathi kukho amacala angaphantsi kwe-100 aqoshiwe "amathandathu afanayo kunye nomnye" eUnited States.
Izibizo
Amakhulu amabini anamanci anesithandathu anesithandathu azalwa ngo-2014, kunyaka wakutshanje apho kukho idatha. Ukukhulelwa ngokukodwa kwanezintwana ezinqabileyo. I-MOST (Ama-Mothers of Super Twins) inokulinganisa iingxaki kwi-1 kwi-571,787 yokukhulelwa. Ukuzalwa kwe-quadruplet yakutshanje yiphumo lokuncedisa izakhono zokuzala ezifana nokusetyenziswa kwamachiza okwandisa ukuzala okanye ukuchumisa nge-vitro.
I-Multiple Births Canada (MBC) iqikelela ukuba i-90% yokukhulelwa kwe-quadruplet yiphumo lokuncedisa ukuzala.
Amanqwanqwa ahlala esabelana ngokuzalwa okufanayo. Ixesha lokulibaziseka lokuhanjiswa (elikwaziwa ngokuba yi-iatrogenic sokuzalwa kwangasese) lithetha ukuba iintsana ngamnye ziyazalwa iintsuku okanye iiveki ezahlukileyo.
Ukukhulelwa
Umyinge wesilinganiso sokukhulelwa kwe-quadruplet iiveki ezingama-19-31, ngokuchasene neeveki ezingama-40 zentsana epheleleyo. Ngethuba lokukhulelwa ngama-quadruplets, umama uya kufumana ama-40-100. Ngokutsho kwe-MOST, inzuzo yesisindo esilinganiselweyo ingaphezu kwamakhilogremu amahlanu. Ikota yesine yoomama iya kufuna i-cerclage yomlomo wesibeleko, inkqubo yokuhlinzwa apho umlomo wesibeleko unqatshelwe khona ukukhusela umsebenzi wokuqala.
- Uninzi lokukhulelwa kwe-quadruplet lubangele ukuhanjiswa kwee-caesarean; ngaphantsi kwe-3% yeethathu ezinamakhulu ezi-4 zihanjiswa ngesini, ngokwe-MOST. Umyinge wokuzalwa wokuzalwa we-quadruplet ungama-3 1/4 iipounds, kwaye amaninzi amanqanaba amane athola unyango lwezempilo kwi-NICU (iNyunithi yeNonatal Intensive Care Unit) kwinqanaba leenyanga emva kokuzalwa.
Amazwi anomdla
- Kuphando oluqhutywe yi-MOST, urhulumente unabantu abaninzi kakhulu abaphendulayo abavakalisa i-quadruplets yiNew York, ilandelwa yiNew Jersey nasePennsylvania.
- Kukho iikethi ezingama-3500 zama-quadruplets emhlabeni jikelele; kuphela 60 okanye kunjalo zifana okanye i-monozygotic.
- Abazali beentwana ezine baya kutshintsha ama-diapers angama-30 000 phambi kokuba abantwana babo baqeqeshe amanzi.
- Isiganeko sokubeleka kwe-quadruplet savuka ngaphezu kwama-400% kwikota yokugqibela yekhulu lama-20, kodwa amaxabiso ayenqatshile malunga neminyaka ukususela ngo-2000.
- Isibhedlele Esilungileyo Isibhedlele saseSamariya e-Arizona sikholelwa ukuba siye sahambisa iisethi ezininzi zee-quadruplets, ngaphezu kweesethi ezili-100.
Amaqela enkxaso
Ngaba unama-quadruplets? Kubalulekile ukuba iintsapho zifune inkxaso kunye neengcebiso ezivela kwezinye iintsapho kwimeko efanayo. Nazi ezinye imibutho ezinokunika izibonelelo kunye noncedo:
I-MOST (Ama-Mothers of Supertwins: http://www.raisingmultiples.org (e-United States)
I-Multiple Births Canada I-Higher Order Multiples Network Network: http://multiplebirthscanada.org/index.php/parents/support/higher-order-multiples- support- network (Canada)
I-National Organization of Mothers of Twins Clubs (NOMOTC): http://www.nomotc.org/ (e-United States)
I-Australian Multiple Birth Association (AMBA): http://www.amba.org.au/ (Australia)
I-New Zealand Mutiple Birth Association (NZMBA): http://www.nzmba.info/ (eNew Zealand)
Amabhinqa kunye noMbutho woBuzali abaninzi (Tamba): http://www.tamba.org.uk/ (United Kingdom)
Abathengi
Izilwanyana ezine-quadruplet ezine-seat-strollers ziyafumaneka kwaye zikulungele-nangona i-pricy - inketho yokuthutha ama-quadruplets. Enye yeempawu ezixhaphakileyo zivela ku-Runabout, inkampani enezandla zobuchwephesha ezihamba ngezitifiketi ezinamacwecwe ensimbi. Zibiza kakhulu, zibiza i-$ 1000 entsha ukusuka kumvelisi, kodwa ingafumaneka kwakhona kwimarike yesibini.
Enye inketho yiSiseko seSt Stroller, isithwathwa se-umbrella-portable. Lo mzekelo ungabizi, ulula kakhulu, kwaye ulungelelaniswa, kodwa uninzi olunzima kunemizekelo ye-Runabout.
Iiblogi kunye neeNxulumano malunga ne-Quadruplets
Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe xaxa malunga neethathu, tyelela ezi ziza kuwebhu:
- Amaqiniso Ngama-Quadruplets
- 4tunate
- Goerlich Quadruplets
- McNulty Quads
- Ikhasi lokuqala leKhaya laseKay nePam Deschler
- Ndiyabulela ngokuhambela uMatasquads.org!
Imithombo:
"IProfayili ye-Quadruplet." Idatha yophando lwezoNyango lwezoNyango, ukuphakamisa ezininzi: Uluntu olubanzi . http://www.raisingmultiples.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/MBSQuad.pdf
Hamiton, BE, et al. "Ukuzalwa: Idatha yokugqibela ka-2014." Ingxelo kaZwelonke yeVital, ingxelo kaDisemba 23, 2015. http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr64/nvsr64_12.pdf