Isikolo sokuqala (okanye i-prekindergarten) ligama elibanzi elisetyenziselwa ukuchaza imfundo esekelwe kwikharityhulam esemntwaneni. Uphando lubonisa ukuba imfundo esemgangathweni yezemfundo ivelisa inzuzo ekufundeni nasekuphuhlisweni komntwana, ingakumbi kubantwana abahluphekayo. Kodwa e-US, inani kunye nohlobo lwabantwana abasenkulumeni baya kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo-ezinye iikhampasi ziya emnyakeni owodwa wonyaka wokufunda esikolweni ngaphambi kokungena kwi-kindergarten; abanye basesigxina-suku, izicwangciso ezifana nezikolo eziqala kwiminyaka emi-2; Abanye abantwana abaya esikolweni sokufunda.
Phezulu kokukhethwa kokungena okanye ukuya kungena esikolweni, ngexesha elide kunye nexesha elingakanani, abazali banemfilosofi yezemfundo eyahlukileyo yokuqwalasela - njengoMontessori, iiprogram ezisekelwe kwiidlala kunye noWaldorf. Kubazali, inkqubo yokugqiba into ebhetele kumntwana wakho xa ifika kwimfundo yobuntwaneni buntwaneni ingaba nzima. Ukuze uqalise, uLaura Gradman, umcebisi weengcali oqeqeshelwe ilayisenisi, umcebisi wezemfundo, kunye nomnini we-Chicago Preschool Pro, uye wanikeza iingcebiso zokukunceda ukuba ulandele ezi zigqibo.
Ukuqwalasela intsapho
Nangona bonke abazali befuna izinto ezintle kubantwana babo, kulungile ukwenza ukhetho malunga nokufunda esikolweni ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zentsapho yonke, kungekhona nje yomntwana.
NgokukaGradman, onceda iintsapho ngeenkqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokungena esikolweni eChicago, "Abantu ba ndibuza ngexesha lonke, 'Yiminyaka engcono kakhulu ukuqala ukuya kwinqanawa?' Ukunyaniseka, impendulo yam kukuba, 'Kuxhomekeke kwinto eyenza intsapho yakho.' "
Oku kunokuthetha ukuba ulungele ukwamkela umntwana osentshonalanga kwintsapho, umntwana ohlala ekhaya kunye nomama okanye utata ixesha elipheleleyo unokufumana inzuzo kwiprogram ye-school school. Okanye, umntwana oye kwisiko lokunakekelwa kweziko lokunakekela ikhaya unokulungelelanisa inkqubo ejoliswe kwikharityhulam. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iindlela zokufunda zasesikolweni zinokupheliswa ngokukhawuleza ngokusekelwe kwithuba elide elivulekileyo kunye nokukwazi ukubonelela ngononophelo lwabantwana, ingakumbi ukuba intsapho yakho inebazali ababini abasebenza.
Ukulungelelwa kwezikolo
Abantwana abancinci abangena kwiinkqubo zasenkulisa basoloko bezigaba ezahlukeneyo zophuhliso, ezinokukwenza umsebenzi wakho njengomzali uzame ukucacisa ukulungela ukulungelelanisa umntwana wakho. Kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo, iiprogram ezininzi zezikolo zikulindele ukuba abantwana babonise uluhlu lweendlela zokuziphatha ezifanelekileyo nophuhliso.
"Uza kubona imilinganiselo enkulu yokuziphatha kwimfundo yokufundela, enengqiqo kuba uneminyaka engama-3 ubudala, ukhangele inkwenkwe eyazalwa ngoSeptemba kwaye uyayithelekisa nomntwana owazalwa ngo-Agasti olulandelayo," watsho Gradman. "Kwiminyaka emithathu, omnye wabo ube neenyanga ezili-11 ukufunda indlela yokwenza izinto. Kulungile. Uninzi lwezikolo zijonge ukuba njengento eyahlukileyo yamava kunye nolwahlulo olude nelokuba abantwana bayakwazi. Iintsana zonke zizisa into eyahlukileyo kwitafile. "
Izidingo ezizodwa okanye ezahlukeneyo
Akuzona zonke izikolo zokufundela ezenziwe zilingana. Ngethuba umntwana wakho "unokulungelel 'ukufundela esikolweni, akanakho ukulungelelanisa yonke inkqubo yokufundisa abantwana kwasekuqaleni. Ezinye iiprogram zingase zikhulise ngakumbi umntwana ongeyomlomo ongaphantsi kunye nolwazi olungaphezulu; ezinye iinkqubo zinokuba nomonde omncinci ngomntwana omncinci ongakafundile ukuzithiba ngokuziphatha okuthile.
Iimvavanyo zasesikolweni, ezixhasa iintsapho ezifuna iinkonzo ezibanzi ezixhasa abantwana ngemingeni yokuphuhlisa, ziyafumaneka. Kubalulekile ukudibana nootitshala kunye nabalawuli ukuthetha malunga neenkxalabo zakho kwaye unqume ukuba inkqubo yokufundela ikulungele umntwana wakho.
IQinisekiso loQeqesho loPhulo
Ngamanye amaxesha kubonakala ngathi uqeqesho olunamanzi luyintonga apho ulungelelaniso lomntwana wakho olusesikolweni lulinganiswa. Nangona ezinye izikolo zithetha ishishini xa kuziwa kuphela ukwamukela abantwana abangasebenzisa ibumbi, abanye bancinci kwaye ezinye iiprogram ziya kukunceda uqeqeshe.
"Ezinye izikolo ziya kuthi, 'Siza kusebenza kunye nawe kwaye sincede umntwana wakho utshintshe ukuba unengozi.' Kodwa abanye abayi. Lo ngumbuzo omele uhlale uwubuza xa ungena esikolweni, "watsho uGradman.
Kwakhona kuxhomekeke kwiminyaka umntwana wakho engena esikolweni. NgokukaGradman, iiprogram eziqala ngo-3 zifuna ukuba umntwana wakho aqeqeshe amanzi, kodwa ukuba inkqubo iyaqala nge-2, akusona into esiya kukhangela isikolo.
Ukuba umntwana wakho unenkqubela ukuqeqeshwa kwamanzi, into engcono ukuyenza yicela isikolo.
"Ndiya kuthi, 'Sisebenza nzima kunoko, kodwa isikolo siza ngenyanga. Ngaba oku kulukhuni kwaye kukhawulezileyo, kufuneka uqeqeshe ngamanzi, okanye uzimisele ukukunceda umntwana wam utshintsho ukuba unengozi? '"Watsho uGridman.
Philosophi
Njengoko abazali baqala ukukhangela izikolo zasesekondari, baya kufikelela kwiifilosofi zemfundo ezahlukeneyo - uMontessori, uWaldorf, ufundela imfundo, kunye nefilosofi entsha eyaziwa ngokuthi "isikolo esingaqhelekanga," ziphakathi kwezinto ezikhethwa kakhulu.
" Ngomntwana oneminyaka engama-3, kunzima ukwazi oko kunokusebenza kubo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ndicebisa abazali ukuba bakhethe oko kuthethwa nabo, "kusho uGradman.
I-philosophy yezona zinto eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo zisesidlalweni-esekelwe kwi-play-based, okuyixesha elivulekileyo lefilosofi yezemfundo ephando olubonisa ukuba lusebenza ngokubhekiselele kwikharityhulam yezemveli okanye yezifundo. Kwiprogram yokufundela esikolweni, iklasini ibandakanya amathoyizi kunye neendawo ezikhuthaza abantwana ukuba basebenzise iingcinga zabo kwaye bahlanganyele kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Ngelixa kubonakala ngathi "badlala," abantwana bafumana ingxaki yokuxazulula iingxaki , izibalo zakuqala kunye nokufunda nokubhala, kunye nezakhono zentlalo.
Kodwa uyayazi njani into ehamba ngayo nawe?
"Ndikhuthaza abaxhasi ukuba bafunde ngefilosofi okanye isitatimende semisebenzi kwiwebhusayithi yesikolo," kusho uGradman. "Nangona bengayazi iifilosofi ezahlukahlukeneyo ngegama, vele ufunde ngenxa yokuba kuya kuqondisa indlela ootitshala abasebenzisana ngayo nomntwana wakho, ukuba baya kuqeqesha njani umntwana wakho, ukuba yintoni abayilindeleyo, indlela ehlelwe ngayo imini , yonke into. Emva kokuba ufunda ukuba iya kuluhlu lokuhlawulela kunye okanye cha. "