I-Heroin yinkinga ekhulayo phakathi kwabantu abadala. Nangona ukusebenzisa i-heroin phakathi kolutsha kuncinci kunezinye iziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni , ngenxa yefuthe elibi kunye nokukhupha ekusebenziseni abadala abaselula, abazali kufuneka baqaphele.
Yintoni iHerinin?
I-Heroin iyilwayilo ye-opioid elaluthayo ephuma kwi-morphine, isicatshulwa esivela e-Asian opium poppy plant seed pods. Iyakwazi ukujova, ukutshaywa kunye nokukhutshwa phezulu.
Ngokuqhelekileyo ngesimo se-black-like substance (enikela igama elithi "black heroin"), okanye umpu omnyama okanye omhlophe.
Ukusebenzisa iHeroin kudala uvuyo, ukulala, nokunyaniseka. Ingozi yokusetyenziswa kwayo iquka i-hypoxia, ukunciphisa i-oksijini egazini elichaphazela ingqondo. Ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki zengxubevange, ezinjengeemvini eziwa phantsi xa zisetyenziselwa i-intravenously, i-pulmonary and stastrointestinal issues, phakathi kwabanye.
Kukho ingozi eyongeziweyo yokungcoliswa kweziyobisi, ezidla ngokuxutyaniswa nezinye izinto kunye nezongezo ezinokuthi zityhefu kwaye zibulale.
I-Heroin Usetyenziso Lokusetyenziswa Phakathi Kwabantwana
Nazi ezinye iinombolo ezithandekayo zokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ze-heroin ezisuka kwi-National Survey yokuSebenzisa iMichiza kunye neMpilo (NSDUH):
- Ipesenteji yabantwana abaneminyaka eli-12 ukuya kwe-17 abaye babona ingozi yokusebenzisa i-heroin kanye okanye kabini ngeveki benqabile kwiminyaka phakathi ko-2002 ukuya ku-2010 ukusuka kuma-82,5% ukuya kuma-80,5 ekhulwini.
- Phantse i-11,6 ekhulwini yabaselula bacinga ukuba kulula ukufumana i-heroin, kwaye iyafumaneka kubo.
- Ngo-2010, iminyaka yobudala bokusetyenziswa kwexesha lokuqala phakathi kwabaselula kunye nabantu abadala, abaneminyaka eli-12 ukuya ku-49 ubudala, yayineminyaka engama-21.3, eyinto encinane kakhulu kunomlinganiselo we-2009 kwiminyaka eyi-25.5.
Ubuninzi be-Teen Heroin Usetyenziso namhlanje
Ukuqonda ingxaki yokubala kwe-heroin phakathi kwentsha, kufuneka ubuyele ngo-1975 ukuya ku-1979.
Ngelo thuba, ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elidlulileyo-nyaka ngabafundi besikolo esiphakamileyo samabanga a-12 behla ngesiqingatha ukusuka kwi-1% kuya kwi-0.5 ekhulwini. Le nqanaba yahlala enye ngo-1993, kodwa yaqalisa ukunyuka kwakhona ngo-1994, ihamba phambili ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1990 kwaye ekuqaleni kuka-2000 kunye namanani:
- I-8 graders (1.6%)
- I-10 graders (1.4%)
- I-12 graders (1.5%)
Ukususela ngeli xesha, ukusetshenziswa kwe-heroin kuye kwehla. Kwixesha elidlulileyo langoku, i-Monitoring Future Study kusukela ngo-2005 ukuya ku-2011, iirhafu zolutsha ezisebenzise i-heroin kunyaka odlulileyo kuwo onke amabakala awela phakathi kwe-0.7% ne-0.9%.
Xa abantwana beva ukuba banako ukufikelela kwisicatshulwa ngokulula, banikezela umyalezo ukuba yiyobisi abanokukhetha ukuyisebenzisa. Ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi kunye nokuPhathwa kweeNkonzo zeeNkonzo zezeMpilo kwiMental Health and Health (NSDUH) i-29.7 pesenti yabafundi abali-12 bathi i-heroin kulula ukuyifumana kwaye i-12.6 pesenti ye-8 graders iyavuma.
Olunye uhlalutyo oluxhalabisayo luseqela elidala labantu abadala, njengoko abo babika ukuba basebenzise i-heroin ubuncinane kanye kanye ngexesha lokuphila kwabo benyuka ukusuka kwi-1.7 ekhulwini ngo-2005 ukuya kuma-1.9 ekhulwini ngo-2010.