Kuzo zonke iimimangaliso zenzululwazi zanamhlanje, asazi ukuba i-amniotic fluid ivela phi. Siyazi ukuba i-fluid emva kwendawo ethile iqukethe umchamo womntwana, kodwa sinokuyichazela njani ngaphambi kokuba umntwana akwazi ukwenza umchamo? Ezinye izinto ezimangalisayo ziquka ukuba i-amniotic fluid ihlala ishintsha indawo nganye kwiiyure ezintathu.
Oko kwathiwa, sizama ukuchaza okokuqhelekileyo kwamanzi kunye neyinto engavamile.
Kukho iindidi ezine ze-amniotic fluid:
- Oligohydramnios
- Amapokethi abonwa ngaphezu kwe-1 cm ububanzi (eqhelekileyo)
- Umbane owaneleyo, kubonwa yonke indawo phakathi komntwana kunye nodonga lwe-uterine (eqhelekileyo)
- Polyhydramnios
Lo mqathango uvame ukuthathwa ngokusebenzisa i-ultrasound ukujonga i-Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI). Uphando olutshanje luchaza ukuba i-AFI ayilungelelanisi i-Amniotic volume volume (umthamo wangempela wamanzi). Enyanisweni, olunye uhlolisiso luqinisekisile ezi zifunyenweyo, ngenxa yokugqithiseleka komthamo.
Oligohydramnios
Xa umfazi kuthiwa une-amniotic encinci yamanzi, u-oligohydramnios. Oku kuchazwa njengokuba ngaphantsi kwe-200 ml ye-amniotic fluid ngexesha okanye i-AFI engaphantsi kwama-5 cm. Oku kuthetha ukuba ngexesha le-ultrasound i-pocket enkulu ye-fluid etholakalayo ayifumananga i-1 cm okanye ngaphezulu kumgama wayo ubukhulu.
Kunzima kakhulu ekliniki ukubonisa ngaphambi kokuhambisa. Emva kokuzalwa, ukuhlola i- placenta ngenxa yobukho be-amnion nodosum kwi-placenta ihambelana kakhulu ne-oligohydramnios.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lika-oligohydramnios, kukho iingxaki ezahlukahlukeneyo zokujonga, nangona uninzi lwabasetyhini abafumanekiweyo abayi kuba neengxaki.
Ekukhulelweni kokuqala , kukho ukukhathazeka kwama-amniotic adhesions okubangela ukukhubazeka okanye ukunyanzeliswa kwentambo. Kukho nkxalabo malunga nokukhubazeka kwengcinezelo, njengamagumbi ezinyawo, ukungabi nendawo ekhululekile kwisibeleko.
Nangona i-oligohydramnios, isisombululo se-ultrasound kunye nokuhlolwa kwezinto eziphambanisayo kwanele ngokwaneleyo. Ngoko i-ultrasound iseyindlela ephumelelayo yokukhenkcelela ukukhubazeka okubini kunye nokungahambelani ne-oligohydramnios.
Kamva ekukhulelwe i-oligohydramnios yenye yeempawu zoxinzelelo lwe-fetal. Oku kwenzekayo kunokubangela ukunyanzeliswa kwentambo, engakhokelela kwi-hypoalia yesisu, oku kuthetha ukuba umntwana akafumani oksijini.
Ukunyusa akusoloko kuyona nto ingcono xa i-oligohydramnios ikhona. Kukho izinto ezininzi ezifunekayo ukuba ziqwalaselwe.
I-Meconium, ukuba idlulileyo ayikwazi ukuhlanjululwa kwiimeko ze-oligohydramnios yangempela, nangona kunjalo, uphando oluthile lufumanise ukuba kukho izimbalwa ezimbalwa ze-meconium stain when i-low amniotic fluid volume is reported. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ukwanda kweenani leintsana ezinengxaki yokukhulelwa komntwana ekudinga ukuzalwa.
Ezinye iinkxalabo nge-oligohydramnios:
- Ukutsalwa kweTraithine Growth Retardation
- Ukukhutshwa kweMimbrane ixesha elide
- Ubunzima be-Fetal (i-Renal Agenesis, izintso ze-polycystic, isithintelo somzimba, njl.)
- Symatrome Postmaturity
Isifo sikashukela ngokuqhelekileyo sicinga ukuba sizathu se-oligohydramnios, akufuneki ukuba kubangele ingxaki ngokukhulelwa ngonyango olufanelekileyo.
Ziziphi iindlela zokonyango ezifumanekayo kubasetyhini abane-oligohydramnios?
Ekuqaleni sasicinga ukuba ukutshintsha i-fluid ngokusebenzisa i-amnioinfusion kwakuyinjongo enkulu. Nangona kunjalo, oku akuzange kubonakale kunenzuzo. Siyazi ukuba ukucwiliswa kusebenza kakuhle ekutshintsheni iimpawu ze-oligohydramnios.
Ngaphandle kokungabikho kwe-IUGR kunye nokukhubazeka komntwana, abafazi abanokufumana i-oligohydramnios banokufumana umntwana osesikweni ngokungenazo iingxaki zempilo.
Polyhydramnios
I-Polyhydramnios yiphelo eliphambene nesilinganisi, echazwa njenge-2000 ml yombane ngexesha okanye ngaphezulu.
Oku kwenzeka kwingaphantsi kwe-1% yokukhulelwa.
Nangona abanye becinga ukuba i-polyhydramnios yimbangela yokubambisa abasebenzi ngenxa ye-uterine distension, i-polyhydramnios kunye neyodwa ayiyiyo i-predictor for labor preterm, kunokuba imbangela yokwanda kwimizi yamanzi iyaphawula ukuba ukukhulelwa kuya kufikelela kwikota.
I-Polyhydramnios iyakwenzeka xa kwenzeka:
- Kukho imizimba emininzi.
- Kukho isifo sikashukela sesifo sikashukela.
- Kukho i-malformation yokuzalwa.
Kukho amaqondo ahlukeneyo e-polyhydramnios. Ubunzima be-polyhydramnios ayinayo impembelelo kwisisindo somntwana wakho, njengoko izifundo zangaphambili zazibikezelwe.
Unyango luyanyuka kwi-polyhydramnios, kubandakanywa unyango lweziyobisi, ukusebenzisa okukhethiweyo kwe-amniocentesis ukunciphisa umthamo womthamo.
Ukushiywa kungakhange kulandelwe kukho kunokubangelwa ingozi ngakumbi ekuzalweni, encinci kwinani, kodwa kufuneka iphendulwe. Oku kuya kubandakanya i-incidence enkulu ye-cord prolapse, ukutshatyalaliswa komntwana, ukuchithwa kwembulunga, kunye ne-postpartum hemorrhage.
Ukuqwalasela ukuba ukuvavanya kwangoku akuzuzisi kuzo zonke iinkalo zokubikezela, kufuneka sihlangabezane nendlela yokufumana indlela engenazo inzululwazi ukuphathwa kwezi ngxaki ze-amniotic fluid. Ngoko umbuzo uba njani ukuvavanya, sivavanya njani, kwaye senzani na iziphumo? Okwangoku, iimpendulo azicaci kwaye kufuneka zithathwe kwimeko ngamacala.
Ininzi yabasetyhini abavavanyelwe ngenye yeengxaki, abayi kuzala umntwana onenkathazo, kodwa kukho inkxalabo kwaye kuyadingeka ukuba ilawulwe ngokufanelekileyo ngumboneleli wakhe.
> Iinkcukacha ezongezelelweyo:
> Izibilini eziphambili : Isikhokelo esiSebenzayo, > I-Heppard >, kunye ne-Garite, 1996, eMosby.
Umsebenzi woBuntu kunye nokuzalwa, u-5 Edition, uHarry Oxorn, 1986, uPrentice Hall.