Iinkqubo Zomthetho Zenza Iingxaki Ezininzi
Kubuhlungu kodwa kuyinyaniso. Kukho amaxesha ukunakekelwa kwabazali akukona kubaluleke kakhulu kubantwana. Ngexesha elinjalo, oomama oogogo bavakalelwa kukuba ngokwemvelo yibo abafanele bangene kuwo. Ngamanye amaxesha inkqubo yezomthetho iyavuma, kodwa ngokuthe rhoqo kwindlela engayifumana yokugcinwa kweso sikhulu kunye nentlonelo. Nangona kukho imithetho ekhethekileyo malunga nokuvakashelana nootatomkhulu, u-grandparent custody suit suit is a third party suit suit.
Ngamanye amazwi, inkundla ayinyanzelekanga ukuba inike i-suit-parent s suit nayiphi na ingqalelo.
Amalungelo omzali anamandla
Njengotatomkhulu, awuvumelekanga ukuba abazukulwana bakho bakhuliswa njani. Kodwa ke, ngabazali banelungelo lokukhulisa abantwana babo njengoko bebona okulungileyo xa nje bengasetyenziswanga okanye bahoywa. Nangona abantwana bekhuliswe kwiimeko eziphilileyo kakhulu, akukho mntu unelungelo lokuthabatha abantwana kubazali babo ngaphandle kokuba imeko ihambelana neendlela zokusetyenziswa gadalala okanye ukunganakwa. Inani leendawo zize zichaze kwimimiselo yazo ukuba ukungakwazi ukunyamekela imali kumntwana akubanga kakubi.
Yintoni eyenza ukusetyenziswa kakubi? Imithetho iyahluka ukusuka kummandla ukuya kwisimo kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo ibandakanya oku kulandelayo:
- Xhatshazwa
- Ukungahoywa
- Ukusetyenziswa kakubi ngokwesondo okanye ukuxhaphazwa
- Ukusetyenziswa kakubi ngokomzwelo
- Ukukhutshwa
Kwimihlaba embalwa, ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi ngumzali kunokubongwa ngokusetyenziswa kakubi kwabantwana, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo kuphela xa kuqhotyoshelwe iinkqubo ezithile.
Ukusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa kwabazali kwaye ngokwaso akucingelwa ukuba kuphuculise ukuxhaphazwa kwabantwana; Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umntwana unikwe iziyobisi okanye ukhona apho izidakamizwa zenziwa okanye zigcinwe, inkcazo yokuhlukunyezwa ingadibana. Kwimihlaba embalwa, ibhinqa elisebenzisa iziyobisi ngelixa likhulelwe linokuthathwa njengetyala lokusetyenziswa kakubi komntwana ongakazalwa.
Iimbalwa ezimbalwa zicacisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi eziphazamisa amandla omzali wokunyamekela umntwana kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kakubi. I-Gate Welfare Information Gateway, isevisi yeSebe lezeMpilo leSebe lezeMpilo yase-United States, linolwazi oluthe ngqo malunga nemimiselo yokuxhaphazwa kwabantwana kwimeko nganye.
Xa Abazali Banika Ukunyamekela Abantwana
Indlela eqhelekileyo apho abantwana bephela ekunyamekelweni kootatomkhulu babo ngabazali bavumela ukuba kwenzeke. Ngamanye amaxesha kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza. Abazali bayeka abantwana kwaye bamane babuyele ukuba bawathathe. Ngamanye amaxesha yinkqubo ehamba phambili apho abantwana bashiywe ixesha elide kunye nexesha elide de ukuba ootatomkhulu bazifumene benze bonke abazali. Ngamanye amaxesha abazali, ootatomkhulu kunye nabantwana bahlala kunye kunye nabazali bashiya indawo yokuhlala yokuqala, bashiye abantwana. Ngaphantsi kancinci, abazali bacela ootatomkhulu ukuba bathathe imisebenzi yomzali xa befumana ubunzima. Phantse kuzo zonke iimeko ezinjalo, kukho ukucatshulwa kwangaphantsi kwimeko yabazali ukuba imeko yesikhashana.
Ootatomkhulu oza kuzuza kwiimeko ezichazwe ngasentla kufuneka baqaphele iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokugcinwa koogogo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, baya kufuna omnye uhlobo lwegunya lokusemthethweni lokunyamekela abazukulwana babo ngokufanelekileyo.
Okona kuncinci, oogogo nomkhulu baya kufuna iifom ezibavumela ukuba benze izigqibo zonyango nezemfundo malunga nabazukulwana babo.
Njengoko ixesha lihamba, oogogo nomkhulu kufuneka bahlolisise imeko kwaye bathathe isigqibo sokuba bafuna ukuzama ukulungiselela ilungiselelo elingaphezulu. Xa ootatomkhulu bephelela ekukhuliseni abazukulu, kukho izizathu ezinyanzelisayo zokufuna uhlobo oluthile logcino.
Xa abantwana besuswa
Enye indlela abazali noogogo abanokuphelisa ngayo nabazukulwana babo xa abantwana besuswa ekhaya ngeenkonzo zentlalo okanye ukuthotyelwa komthetho. EUnited States, umthetho wesigqeba odlulileyo ngo-2008 ufuna ukuba izihlobo ezindala zabantwana ziqhagamshelane kwaye zinike ithuba lokuthatha inxaxheba kwizigqibo zokunyamekela ezenzelwe abantwana.
Oko kuthetha ukuthini ukuba ootatomkhulu bangawanika ithuba lokunyamekela abantwana, ngokubakho okanye ngokuzimeleyo kwinkqubo yokunakekela abantwana.
Naphezu komthetho, ubunzima buvela xa izalamane zinzima ukulandelela. Le ngxabano enamandla yokuhlala edibaniswaneni nabantwana abadala nakwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu kwiimeko. Ngokufanelekileyo, oogogo nomkhulu kufuneka baziwe ngabavakalisi kunye nabahlobo babo abantwana abadala. Ukongeza, abazukulu abadala ngokwaneleyo kufuneka bafundiswe amagama abo azaliseleyo kunye noomnxeba. Ukuba ngaba ootatomkhulu kufuneka babe nethuba elihle lokuwongamela, kufuneka bafunde ngokukhawuleza xa abazukulu babo besuswa ekhaya.
Ukuba oogogo nomkhulu baphumelela ekufumaneni ukugcinwa kwexesha elifutshane, kuya kufuneka baqwalasele ukuba ngaba bafuna ukuzama ukuba ngabazali abasemthethweni abazukulwana babo. Ukusebenza ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yokunyamekela abantwana kunokuthetha ukuxhaswa okongeziweyo, ngokukodwa ukuxhaswa ngemali, okuyimfuneko kakhulu. Ngamanye amaxesha ootatomkhulu kufuneka baqhubele uqeqesho okanye bahlangabezane nezinye iimfuno ukuze bafaneleke njengabazali abangabantwana. Ngamanye ama-arhente ezentlalo ziya kunika ootatomkhulu ngokuqwalasela ubuhlobo babo obukhethekileyo kunye nabazukulu babo.
Ukunyamekela
Ngamanye amaxesha iinkonzo zentlalo azibandakanyeki, kodwa ootatomkhulu banesizathu sokukholelwa ukuba abazukulu babo kufuneka basuswe ekugcinweni kwabazali babo. Ootatomkhulu abanqwenela ukugcinwa kwamalungelo kwabazukulwana ngenkqubo yeenkundla baneengxaki ezinkulu endleleni yabo. Eyokuqala ngumbuzo wokuma, oku kuthetha ilungelo lokufuna isenzo senkundla kwindawo yokuqala. Oomkhulu nootata banokuthi bajame ukuba bebejongene nokunyamekelwa kwabazukulwana ixesha elide, ngakumbi xa abazali behluleka ukuhlala bebandakanyeka nabantwana babo okanye ukubonelela ngemali inkxaso. Enye indlela oogogo nomkhulu bafumana ngayo ukubonisa ukusetyenziswa kakubi okanye ukungafanelanga umzali okanye abazali. Khumbula ukuba ukusetyenziswa gadalala kufanele kufane nengcaciso yomthetho kwaye ukubonisa ukuba abazali abafanelekanga kubandakanya okungaphezulu kokungavumelani nendlela abazukulwana abakhuliswa ngayo.
Ukuba ngaba ootatomkhulu bawela umqobo wokuqala, kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba ukugcinwa kwabantwana boogogo kubaluleke kakhulu kumntwana. Oku kunzima, kuba ukucinga kwangoku kukuba abantwana banokubaluleka xa bekhuliswe ngabazali, okanye ubuncinane ngokugcina ubudlelwane nabazali. Oogogo nomkhulu obonakala banobuhlungu okanye bathethelela abazali babazukulu babo akunakwenzeka ukuba banikwe imvume ngenxa yokuba iinkundla ziya kuthathwa ukuba ziza kulwa nobudlelwane phakathi kwabazali nabantwana.
Ukukhethwa kwabantwana kunokuqwalaselwa yinkantolo, ukuba ngaba baludala ngokwaneleyo ukubonisa ukhetho. Ukuba ootatomkhulu nobutyebi banako ukunika abazukulu abazuzekileyo, kunokubonakala ngathi oogogo nomkhulu baya kuba necala enkundleni. Ngokwenene, ukuxubusha ngokukhethekileyo kwelinye iqela ngenxa yezemali okanye ukuhlala kwezentlalo kuya kuphulaphula umgaqo wokuphathwa ngokulinganayo phantsi komthetho.
Amanqaku angasetyenziswayo angatshintshwa
Omnye umgaqo obalulekileyo ootatomkhulu oyifunayo ukukhunjulwa kukuba imiyalelo yokugcina ingatshintshwa. Ukunika igunya kubazali nogogo akupheli amalungelo omzali. Ukutholwa kwamanye kuphela oko. Ukuba iimeko zabazali ziguquka, zinokunikezelwa. Oomkhulu nootata banokuzibuza ukuba kutheni kufuneka bafune ukugcinwa kwamalungelo kuzo zonke, ukuba imiyalelo ingatshintshwa. Kukho izizathu ezibini. Okokuqala, ukuma ngokusemgangathweni komthetho kuya kunceda ootatomkhulu ukuba benze izigqibo ezilungileyo kubazukulwana babo. Okwesibini, oogogo nomkhulu obenalo uhlobo oluthile lokugcinwa kwezomthetho basesimweni esinamandla xa abazali bephinde baphinde banqume ukuba banqamle ukufikelela kwabazali babo oogogo babo, okwenzeka ngokuphindaphindiweyo.
Ukuqulunqa
Oogogo nomkhulu owanikezelwa ngokuzithandela ngabazali ngokuzithandela ngabazali banqwenela ukulungiselela ilungiselelo. Xa abazukulu basuswa emakhaya abo, oogogo nomkhulu kufuneka baxelelwe banikwe ithuba lokuthatha inxaxheba kwiinkqubo zokunyamekela. Oogogo nomkhulu abaya enkundleni ukuba bathathe abazukulu babo kubazali bajamelana nomsebenzi onzima kuba kukho ukucinga ukuba abantwana kufuneka babe nabazali babo. Ibha yokubonisa umzali ongafanelanga iphezulu kakhulu. Nangona xa oogogo nomkhulu bafumana ukugcinwa enkundleni, basengozini yokulahlekelwa, ngaphandle kokuba bazuze abazukulu babo.
I-Disclaimer esemthethweni: Iinkcukacha ezinikezelwe kule ndawo ziqhelekileyo kwaye akufanele zibhekiswe njengeengcebiso zomthetho. Izitatimende ezilawula ukugcinwa kwabantwana zihluka ukusuka kwilizwe ukuya kwilizwe kwaye zivela kwilizwe ukuya kwilizwe. Nabani na umntu oqwalasela isitifiketi sokugcina umntwana kufuneka afune iingcebiso kummeli.