Ingxaki yokugula yengqondo ixhaphake ngakumbi kunokudandatheka
Emva kokufumana isisu okanye ukuzalwa komntwana , akuqhelekanga ukuba abazali bavelise iimpawu zokudandatheka okanye ukuxhalabisa. Ngelixa abaninzi bethu banokuqonda kakuhle ukuba yiyiphi into yokudakumba, ukuxhalaba into abantu abaninzi bayicinga ukuba "ukuphelela."
Kodwa kunene ngaphezu koko. Njengoxinzelelo, ukuxhalabisa kunokuphazamisa kakhulu amandla omntu okusebenza kwaye ngokusoloko kufuna ukuba unyango kunye nokucebisa ukuba kusombulule ngokupheleleyo isigxina.
Enyanisweni, uphando oluninzi lubonisa ukuba iingxaki zokuxhalaba ziimeko eziqhelekileyo emva kokulahleka kokukhulelwa kunokudakumba.
Ukuqonda iingxaki zokuxhalabisa
Izifo zokukhathazeka zizifo ezingundoqo zengqondo ezibangela ukhathazeka okukhulu okanye ukwesaba okungahambi kwaye kungadluk 'ixesha. Iziphazamiso ezixhalabisayo zivela kwiifom ezahlukeneyo, ngasinye sinempawu ecacileyo kunye neenjongo zonyango.
Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo ezibonakalayo emva kokukhulelwa ziyi-disorder disorder (GAD), ingxaki yokunyanzela (OCD), ukukhathazeka okukhulu kwe-ASD, kunye ne-post-traumatic disorder disorder (PTSD).
Abasetyhini banamava okukhathazeka ngaphezu kwamadoda.
Ukuxhalabisa Okuqhelekileyo (GAD)
Ingxaki yokukhathazeka ngokuqhelekileyo, naphezu kwegama layo, icacile ngokucacileyo ngendlela kunye kunye naluphi na umlinganiselo onokuchaphazela umntu. Ngenkcazo, i-GAD yinkxalabo eqhubekayo, eqatha, kunye nexhala eliqhubekayo kwiintsuku ezininzi kwaye idlulileyo kwisithuba seenyanga ezintandathu.
Kula mabhinqa abaye bafumana ukulahleka kokukhulelwa, i-GAD ingaqala ngokuxhalaba malunga neengxaki zonyango emva kwenkqubo yokuphucula kunye nokukhutshwa (D & E) , iinkxalabo malunga nokuphuphuma kwesisu ngokuphindaphindiweyo , okanye iinkxalabo malunga nokuba imeko yonyango okanye imfuyo ingaba negalelo ekulahlekeni. Ezi nkxalabo zixhamla kuphela ngeemvakalelo zentlungu kunye nokulahlekelwa ngumfazi onokuzizwa evelele.
I-GAD inzima ukulawula kwaye ingabonakalisa ngeempawu ezininzi, kuquka:
- Ukungazinzi okuqhubekayo okanye ubuhle
- Ukukhathala
- Ukugxininiswa kakubi, ngamanye amaxesha kuhamba neengxaki zememori
- Ukutshatyalaliswa
- Ukuxhatshazwa kwemisipha kunye namaqatha
- Iingxaki zokulala
I-Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Okuthakazelisayo ngokwaneleyo, ukuphazamiseka okunyanzelekayo kubonakala ngokugqithiseleyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa, iimeko ezikhoyo zikholelwa ukuba zinxulumene namahomoni. Kwiphepha le-flip, abafazi abaye bafumana ukulahleka kokukhulelwa zihlandlo ezisibhozo ngaphezulu ukuba zifumaneke nge-OCD kunezo ezingenayo.
I-OCD ibonakalisa iingcamango ezigqithisileyo (iziphoso) ezikhokelela ekuziphatheni okuphindaphindiweyo (ukunyanzeliswa). Iimpawu zibalaseleyo zilandelayo:
- Iingcamango eziqhubekayo zendalo ephazamisayo
- Ukusetyenziswa kweendlela zokulawula okanye ukuphazamisa iingcamango eziphazamisayo
- Iinkcubeko kunye / okanye iingcamango eziphazamisa ubomi bomntu bemihla ngemihla
Iingcamango eziphazamisayo zingenobundlobongela okanye ngokwesondo ngokugqithiseleyo, zombini ezo zinokuqhubela phambili ukuxhalabisa.
Uxinzelelo lweengxaki zengqondo (ASD)
Ingxaki yokuxinwa kwengxaki ikholelwa ukuba iya kubachaphazela omnye kwabafazi aba-10 abaye bafumana ukulahleka kokukhulelwa. I-ASD ihambelana ngqo nesiganeko esibuhlungu kwaye ingabonakalisa ngaphakathi kweeyure zomcimbi.
Ngokuchasene noko abanye abanokuyicinga, i-ASD ayihambelani ngqo nexesha lokutshatyalaliswa okanye ukuzalwa komntwana. Ngokugqithiseleyo kunokuba kunjalo, kwenzeka kubafazi abaye balahlekelwa ilahleko phambi kweveki ye-20 yesigxina, kungekhona emva.
Iimpawu ze-ASD zingaquka:
- Ingqiqo yokunyanzeliswa okanye ukungabikho kwempendulo yengqondo
- Uvakalelwa ngumbindi okanye ngaphandle kweyakho
- Ukungakwazi ukukhumbula iinkalo zentlungu
- Ukukhokelela eso siganeko ngeengcinga eziphindaphindiweyo, amaphupha, okanye i-flashbacks
- Ukugwema nantoni na izikhumbuzo zokukhulelwa komzimba
- Ubunzima obuqhubekayo kunye / okanye uxinzelelo
I-ASD ifana ne-PTSD kodwa ihlala ubuncinane ubuncinane iintsuku ezimbini kodwa zingekho ngaphezu kweeveki ezine.
I-Post-Traumatic Distress Disorder (PTSD)
Uphando luye lwaphakamisa ixesha elide ukuba malunga neepesenti enye yabasetyhini abane-ASD baya kuphucula emva kokuphazamiseka kwengxaki emva kokusweleka komzimba. Iimpawu zePTSD zifana ne-ASD kodwa zichazwe njengexesha elide ngaphezu kwenyanga.
Nangona kunjalo, uphando olutshanje lubonisa umfanekiso ohlukileyo, olubonisa ukuba amaxabiso e-PTSD aphezulu. Ngokomsebenzi osuka kwi-Imperial College yaseLondon, phakathi kwabafazi abangama-186 abaye bafumana ukulahleka kokukhulelwa kwangaphambili , iipesenti ezingama-28 zadibana ne-criteria yePTSD emva kweenyanga ezintathu zokulandelelana.
Ngaphezu koko, ubunzima besifo se-PTSD babungekho nxu lumano kunye nohlobo lokuphuphuma kwesisu. Kwinqanaba elongezelelweyo, iimpawu zazivakala emva kwenyanga yesibini.
Oko Ukwenza Ukuba Ufumana Ukuxhalabisa Okuqhubekayo
Ukuba uziva unxinzelelo oluqhubekayo emva kokulahlekelwa kwakho ukhulelwe, awuyedwa. Uninzi uphando lubonisa ukuba yinto eqhelekileyo ngakumbi kunokuba umntu unokucinga.
Ucwaningo olwenziwa ngo-2011 olubandakanya abafazi abangama-13 000 abaye bafumana ukuphazamiseka komzimba kubonisa ukuba ama-15 ekhulwini ayenenkxalabo enkulu ekliniki kunye / okanye ukudandatheka okuqhubekayo kwimizuzu emithathu. Oko oku kufuneka kusixelele ukuba nayiphi na impawu, nangona kunjalo encinci, akufanele ilinyanzelwe.
Sinenhlanhla namhlanje ukufumana unyango olufanelekileyo kulezi ngxaki. Ngokusebenza kunye neengcali zempilo yengqondo, ungaqala ukuza ngokuvumelana nokutya kwakho kwaye uphinde uphinde ufumane ukulawula okungenzeka ulahlekelwe.
Ukuphilisa akuthethi ukulibala. Xoxa nabanye, fumana amaqela enkxaso, vumela ukuba usizizele, kwaye ungesabi ukufikelela uncedo lochwepheshe.
> Imithombo:
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> Blackmore, E .; Cote-Arsenault, D .; Tang, W. et al. "Ukulahlekelwa kwangaphambi kokubeleka kwangaphambili njengendlela yokugxininiswa kwePerinatal nokukhathazeka." IBritish Journal of Psychiatry . 2011; 198 (5): 373-378.
> Daugirdaite, V .; van den Akker, O; no S. Purewal. I-Posttraumatic Stress and Posttraumatic Depress Disorder emva kokupheliswa kokukhulelwa kunye nokulahleka kokuzala: UkuHlola okuHlolo. " Journal of Pregnancy . 2015: 646345.
> Farren, J .; Jalmbrant, M .; Arneye, L. et al. Ukuxinezeleka kwangemva kwesoxinzelelo, ukuxhalaba, nokuxinezeleka emva kokutshatyalaliswa kwesisu okanye ukukhulelwa kwe-ectopic: umntu ozakufunda ngokubanzi. " BMJ. 2016; 6e011864.
> Igolide, K .; Boggs, M .; Muzik, M .; kunye no-A. Sen. "Ukukhathazeka Okuxhalabileyo kunye neNgxaki Yokuqhaqhazela Ngokugqithisileyo Iinyanga ezili-9 Emva kokulahleka kwe-Perinatal." General Hospital Psychiatry . 2014; 36 (6): 650-4.