Kukho izinto ezimbalwa ezinzima nje kubazali bomntwana omtsha njenge-SIDS, okanye i-infant disease death syndrome. Ngelishwa, nangona konke okwenziweyo kwiminyaka yamuva nje ukuzisa ulwazi malunga nendlela yokunciphisa ingozi ye-SIDS, asikwazi yonke into engozini, kwaye i-SIDS isoloko ibangela phambili yokufa kwabantwana abangaphandle kwexesha elitsha .
Nangona izinga le-SIDS liwile kakhulu ukususela ekuqalisweni kwephulo lokubuyela emva , ukuhlaziywa kwepoliti ephuculwayo evela kwi-American Academy of Pediatrics, nangona iphikisana encinci, ngokuqinisekileyo iya kunceda ukunciphisa izinga le-SIDS nangakumbi.
Kukho kwakhona ukuhlaziywa komyalezo wokuqala we-Back To Sleep, owawushintshile kwiSofu ukulala ngo-2012. Lo mbono ngoku ukugxila kuzo zombini "indawo zokulala ezikhuselekileyo kunye nokulala ukulala njengeendlela zokunciphisa ingozi ye-SIDS kunye nezinye izinto zokulala. izizathu ezinxulumene nokufa kwabantwana. "
Ukunciphisa Ingozi ye-SIDS
Inzuzo enkulu ekunciphiseni imilinganiselo ye-SIDS ivela ekunciphiseni imingcipheko eyaziwayo, ngokukodwa ngeengcebiso ukuba zonke iintsana zilalwe emva kwazo-umkhankaso we-Back-to-Sleep owaqala ngo-1994. Ukususela ngoko, izinga I-SIDS iyancipha ngamaphesenti angaphezu kwama-50 kodwa ihlala isesigxina ngokufa malunga no-0.57 ukufa kwabantwana abazalwa ngokuzalwa abayi-1 000.
Ingxenye yesizathu sokuba i-SIDS isengxaki kukuba iingcali azizi zonke izinto ezibeka umntwana engozini, kodwa kukho nezinye izinto abazali abangayenza ukuze bagweme izinto ezinobungozi abangenzi ngaso rhoqo . Ngokomzekelo, malunga ne-10 ukuya kuma-20 ekhulwini kwabazali basenza abantwana babo balele esisu, kwaye amanye amaziko okunyamekela abantwana awakwazi ukubaluleka kokulala.
SIDS Facts
I-SIDS, eyaziwa nangokuthi "ukufa kwebhondi" okanye "ukubethelwa ukufa," idla ngokubhekiselele ekufeni ngokungazelelwe nokungaqondakali, nangemva kokuphanda ngokucopheleleyo nangokugqibeleleyo, kwintsana engaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-1 ubudala.
Ngokwe-AAP, ezinye iinkcukacha malunga ne-SIDS ziquka ukuba:
- ayinqabile ngethuba lokuqala lwenyanga yobomi
- iphakama xa usana luphakathi kweenyanga ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3
- inxulumene nale miba yengozi:
- esithandwayo (isisu) sokulala
- iintsana ezilala kwindawo epholileyo, kuquka nokusebenzisa umlotha, i-mattress ezithambileyo, iibhedi ezithambileyo, njl njl.
- unomama otshaya ngexesha lokukhulelwa
- ukuba nomama oye wafika emva kwexesha okanye engakhange anakekele umntwana
- ukugqithisa
- ukuchazwa komsi wesithandwa
- ukuzalwa kwangaphambili kunye / okanye ubunzima bokuzalwa obuphantsi
- ngokwesini
- luqhelekileyo kubantwana abamnyama nabamaMerika nabantwana baseAlaska
- liqheleke ngakumbi kwiinyanga ezigqithisileyo zonyaka
- ingaqhelekanga kwiintsana ezisebenzisa i- pacifier
Enye into malunga ne-SIDS, edlalwa ngokungaqhelekanga, kukuba zonke izixhobo zorhwebo zithengiswa ekunciphiseni ingozi ye-SIDS, njengemingcele, iindawo zokulala, izibhedlele ezikhethekileyo kunye neendawo zokulala ezikhethekileyo, azizange zivunywe ngu-FDA ukukhusela SIDS.
Iziphakamiso zeSIDS
Nangona uninzi lweziphakamiso zokunciphisa ingozi ye-SIDS iye yaziwa ngokukhawuleza ixesha, kuyathakazelisa ukujonga indlela iingcebiso ezivela kwi-AAP zitshintshile ngayo iminyaka.
Nangona i-original ye-Back to Sleep Sleeps 'ingxelo ye-SIDS igcizelela ukuba akufanele ubeke umntwana wakho elele esiswini sakhe, akuzange kudibanise ukulala. Le ngxelo yokuqala evela kwi-AAP Task Force kwi-Childhood position kunye ne-SIDS yaphuma ngo-1992 kwaye yabizwa nje ngokuthi "Ukubeka indawo kunye ne-SIDS." Ithi 'i-Academy icebisa ukuba iintsana ezinempilo, xa zihlaselwa ukulala, zibekwe kwicala okanye zibuyele.' Ngokuqinisekileyo, loo ngxelo, kunye nomkhankaso we-Back-to-Sleep wokuhamba nawo, waba nempembelelo enkulu ekunciphiseni izinga le-SIDS.
Ingxelo elandelayo kwi-SIDS yaphuma ngo-2000 yaye yabona ukwehla okukhulu kwinqanaba le-SIDS, ngaphezu kwama-40 ekhulwini, ngenxa yezikhokelo zangaphambili.
Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba "i-SIDS isona sizathu esiphezulu sokufa kwabantwana ngaphaya kwexesha lokubeletha," lenze iziphakamiso malunga nezinye izinto ezinobungozi, kubandakanywa izinto zokulala ezincinci kunye nokulala okulalayo, ukugqithisa kunye nokutshaya komama. Ingxelo ye-SIDS ka-2000 yabonisa ukuba ukulala kwangaphambili kwakukhethwa ukulala nokulala nokuba ukulala okanye ukulala ngengozi kungaba yingozi.
Ingxelo ye-SIDS ka-2005 evela kwi-AAP, "Iinguqu eguqukayo yokufa kweNtsana yokuSweleka kweNtsana: Iingxaki zokuCoding zokuHlola, iingxabano ngokubhekiselele kwiNdalo yokulala, kunye neeNguqulelo ezintsha zokuCinga ukuNciphisa ingozi," iphelile kwicala ngokubhekiselele kwimiba. Isiphakamiso esitsha saba ukuba iintsana kufuneka zilale ngokusemandleni abo. Ezinye iziphakamiso ezintsha zibandakanya ingcamango yokuba i-pacifiers inokunciphisa umngcipheko we-SIDS kunye nomxholo 'wendawo elelekileyo yokulala,' apho iintsana kufuneka zilale kwindawo enye njengomama wazo, kodwa kwisibhedlele, i-bassinet, okanye indawo yokulala, endaweni yokwabelana ngamabhokhwe omama.
Iingcebiso zeNTSHA zeNTSHOLONGWANE
Yintoni yatshintshile kwingxelo yakutsha, ingxelo ye-SIDS ka-2011 evela kwi-AAP?
Omnye ummahluko omkhulu kukuba isitatimende somgaqo-nkqubo sigxininise kwiindawo zokulala ezikhuselekileyo, ngaphezu kokuthetha nge-SIDS. Ngoko ngaphezu kokuqhubeka nokucebisa "ukulala ukulala bonke ubuthongo," isitatimende esitsha senqubomgomo sichaza ukuba abazali kufuneka:
- sebenzisa ubuthongo obuqinileyo kwi-crib, bassinet, okanye idida yokudlala ephathekayo
- ukwabelana ngekamelo ngaphandle kokulala kwezabelo
- ukugcina izinto ezintle kunye nokulala okulala (sebenzisa iphepha elidibeneyo) ngaphandle kwesibuko
- ukuphepha ukugqithisa
Ezi ngcebiso azikho ezintsha, nangona kunjalo. Iseluleko sokuqhubeka ngokuqhubekayo kude kube neentsana ezili-12 ubudala ubudala, nangona kunjalo.
Kwakhona entsha kule ngxelo isinconywa esisesikweni sokuncelisa . Inxaxheba ekhuselekileyo yokuncelisa ixeliwe ikhankanywe kwingxelo ye-SIDS yasekuqaleni ka-1992, kodwa le ngxelo yokuqala ye-SIDS isichazela ukuba 'ukuncelisa kunconywa' ngenxa yengozi encinci ye-SIDS kumama abancancisayo.
Isinconywa sokuba iintsana ziya kugonywa kwaye ukunyamekela ngokunyamekela kwabantwana kutsha, nangona iingxelo zangaphambili zathetha ngokungabikho kobungqina bokuqhagamshela iigcini kunye ne-SIDS kunye.
Ezinye iziphakamiso ziquka ukuba:
- Abafazi abakhulelweyo kufuneka babe nokunyamekela kokubeleka kwaye kufuneka baphephe ukukhutshwa komsi, utshwala, kunye nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni ngexesha lokukhulelwa nangemva kokuzalwa
- Oomama kufuneka baqikelele ukunika abantwana babo i-pacifier ngexesha lokulala kunye nexesha le-nap
- Iindwendwe ze-cardiorespiratory kunye nezixhobo zorhwebo, njengezikhundla zokulala, akufanele zisetyenziswe ukuzama nokunciphisa ingozi ye-SIDS
Siyathemba ukuba, ezi ngcebiso ziya kunceda ukuba ama-SIDS aphinde ahlawule kwaye ahlawule amanqanaba okuxhala, i-asphyxia, kunye nokufakelwa, okwenyukayo.
Imithombo:
I-American Academy ye-Pediatrics Ingxelo yoBugcisa: I-SIDS kunye nezinye izinto ezifayo zokulala: Ukunyuswa kweengcebiso kwiNtsana ekhuselekileyo yokulala. Izifo zengqondo ngo-2011; 128: 5 e1341-e1367.
I-American Academy ye-Pediatrics Policy Statement: I-SIDS kunye nezinye zokufa kwabantwana abalala ngokulala: Ukunyuka kweengcebiso kwiNtsana ekhuselekileyo yokulala. Izifo zengqondo ngo-2011; 128: 5 1030-1039.