Ukuba umntwana wakho unzima esikolweni, unokuzibuza ukuba unokwenza ntoni ukuze uzincede ukuba ubuyele kumzila. Ukuba uhlolisise iindlela ezahlukeneyo zabafundi abanzima, i-IEP okanye iiNkonzo zeMfundo eziZodwa ziye zavela. Kodwa uyazi njani ukuba i-IEP yinto efanelekileyo yokucela ukunceda umntwana wakho esikolweni?
Ukuba umntwana wakho unzima okanye ungaphili kakuhle esikolweni, kubalulekile ukuba ungenelele kusenesikhathi ukugcina iingxaki kwi-snowballing into enkulu.
Iminyaka yeSikolo ihamba ngokukhawuleza, kwaye umntwana angakwazi ukuwa emva kwimiba yeeveki engenakho inkxaso efanelekileyo.
Ukuze uqonde ixesha lokucela i-IEP, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba yi-IEP kwaye ngubani onokufumana. Emva koko unokugqiba ukuba ngaba lixesha lokucela i-IEP okanye uzame ukhetho oluhlukileyo lwenkxaso.
Yiyiphi i-IEP (iSicwangciso seMfundo esizimeleyo)?
IEP isigrama esimele isiCwangciso seMfundo esiZodwa. Ixesha lezobugcisa lomqulu wezomthetho ochaza iinkcukacha ezifunyenweyo kunye neenjongo zomntwana onesifo sokukhubazeka njengoko kuchazwe ngumthetho, xa umntwana ehamba kwisikolo semfundo ebanga lesi-k-12 esamkela inkxaso-mali.
IEPs zifunwa phantsi koMntu onempilo yokukhubazeka (IDEA) kuwo wonke umntwana ofumana iinkonzo zemfundo ekhethekileyo. Ukuze umntwana okanye umntwana ukuba athathe i-IEP kufuneka abe nelikhuba elilishumi elinesithathu elibhalwe kwi-IDEA, kwaye ihlolwe kwaye ichongwa njengendawo efunekayo yokuhlala ukuze ifunde ikharityhulam yesikolo jikelele.
Ukuba nelinye ukhubazeko lweshumi elinesithathu luboniswe yedwa alufaneleki umntwana wakho nge-IEP. Ukukhubazeka kufuneka kubangele ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kumntwana wakho ukufunda ikharityhulam esemgangathweni. Izinto ezinhlanu zisetyenziselwa ukuvavanya indlela ukukhubazeka komntwana kunye nokufunda okuchaphazela ngayo. Imiba emihlanu yefuthe iquka:
- iingxaki zokuziphatha
- ubuchule bokuthetha isiNgesi
- ukungabonakali
- ukuva okanye ukuphazamiseka kokunxibelelana
- kunye nesidingo sobuchwepheshe bokuncedisa okanye iinkonzo.
Ngamanye amazwi, i-IEP yenzelwe abantwana abaneziphene ezichaphazela ukufunda kwabo. Ezi ntwana azikwazi ukuqhuba iimfuno zokufunda eziqhelekileyo ngaphandle kokufumana uncedo olongezelelweyo-okanye nokuba utshintsho kwikharityhulam. IEP ngumqulu ochaza isicwangciso sokufunda esiqhelekileyo esenzelwe iimfuno zokufunda komntwana.
Abantwana bafumana njani i-IEP?
Isicelo seenkonzo ezikhethekileyo ze-Ed okanye i-IEP, kwenziwa esikolweni. Oku kubangela ukuba umntwana ahlolwe. Uvavanyo lungaquka ukubonwa kootitshala, abazali, abacebisi besikolo, kunye noogqirha wengane yakho okanye nabanye abaqeqeshiweyo. Ukuba umntwana wakho uye esikolweni iminyaka embalwa, umsebenzi wabo wesikolo kunye nokusebenza kwakhona kuya kuhlolwa kwakhona.
Olu lwazi luya kudibaniswa kwaye lubandakanywe "kwisigqibo sokufaneleka." Eli nyathelo yilapho ulwazi malunga nomntwana luhlaziywa ukuze lubone ukuba umntwana wakho ufuna indawo yokuhlala ekhethekileyo ukuze afunde ikharityhulam rhoqo.
Kutheni ngamanye amaxesha abantu ababheki ukukhubazeka njengesiqinisekiso kwi-IEP
Ukuba ufundele apha kwaye uyazibuza ukuba kutheni okokuqala ukuba ufunde ukuba i-IEP yabantwana abakhubazekileyo, nceda uyazi ukuba awuyena mntu wokuqala ongaqhelanga uxhumano.
Ingcinga yam kukuba ukungaboni kakuhle malunga nokuba yi-IEP kwaye ngubani onokufumana enye ngokwenene evela kwiziphathamandla zesikolo ezinentsingiselo. Ngomgudu wokugcina nayiphi na indlela yokufunda ukukhubazeka ekuphuhliseni okanye ukuqhubela phambili abalawuli bangaphendula imibuzo malunga ne-IEP kunye nokukhubazeka ngeempendulo ezingacacanga.
Esikhundleni sokuthi ngokucacileyo ukuba i-IEP yabantwana abakhulileyo esikolweni abakhubazekileyo, abalawuli banikezela inkcazelo efana ne "IEP yinto yabafundi abanzima abafuna uncedo oluncinane." Impendulo yenza kube ngathi ngathi i-IEP yongenelelo lwemfundo elula-into engekho.
Oku kuholele kubazali babantwana abanomntwana onomxholo omfutshane, ongowesigxina ohambisana nomsebenzi wesikolo ukucela i-IEP.
Ngubani Ongabuza Kuba IEP?
Abazali bafanele baqaphele ukuba nabani na umzali okanye abasebenzi besikolo bangacela ukuba bavavanywe ngumntwana kwiMfundo ekhethekileyo. Ukuba umntwana wakho unokufumana ukukhubazeka okubangela ukuba umsebenzi wabo wesikolo unzima, ngoko kufuneka uhlolisise umntwana wakho. Ukuba unesizathu sokusola ukukhubazeka, ukucela i-IEP ayinakukunceda, kwaye kunokude kwandise ukuzisa uncedo olungileyo kumntwana onzima.
Ukuphononongwa kwezemfundo ezizodwa kuthatha izibonelelo zezikolo. Uvavanyo lufuna ixesha ukulawula iimvavanyo kumntwana wakho, ukuqokelela ulwazi ootitshala, ukugcina umntwana wakho eklasini, kunye neentlanganiso kunye nabazali malunga neziphumo. Ukuba umntwana wakho akanakho ukukhubazeka, ke yonke inkqubo inokuba yinkcitho enkulu yesikolo, kwaye ikhuphe ukufumana isisombululo esisebenzela ingxaki.
Unokwazi njani ukuba iingxaki zesikolo zakho zibangelwa ukukhubazeka? Ngamanye amaxesha akubonakali okokuqala. Abantwana banokuhamba ubude obude ukufihla ukukhubazeka kwabo ngaphambi kokuba nabani na umntu abone ukuba bahluke. Nazi ezinye iingcinga zokuqwalasela phambi kokucela i-IEP okanye uvavanyo lokukhubazeka:
Utitshala sele sele efuna ezinye iindlela
Ootitshala abaqaphele ukuba umfundi ulungele ukuqhubeka nomthwalo okanye ufunde izinto eziphathekayo uzakuzama iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuncedisa umntwana. Oku kunokunika umntwana ixesha elide lokugqiba izabelo, ukudibanisa umfundi kunye noontanga ophumelelayo, ukuguqula okwesikhashana okanye ukunciphisa umthwalo womsebenzi, kwaye nantoni na enye into ootitshala abanokwenza oko kubonakala kunceda umntwana onzima. Ukuba uyazi ukuba utitshala uzame ukungenelela okuhlukeneyo kwaye akukho nto ibonakala inokunceda, oko kungabonakalisa ukukhubazeka.
Ukuba unokukhathazeka ukuba umntwana wakho akanako ukufumana uncedo ngaphandle kwe-IEP, sinethemba lokuba umhlathi wokugqibela uncede ukulungisa loo nto. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zootitshala abanokuzama ukuba abafuni ukufumana i-IEP. Esi sisinye isizathu sokuba kutheni uqhagamshelane nootitshala babantwana bakho ukuba ukhathazeke ngokusebenza komfundi wakho wesikolo.
Ingxaki Ayenjalo ngokwenene
Mhlawumbi umntwana wakho wayenenkathazo ngokufunda okanye izibalo . Mhlawumbi babehlala beengxaki zokugqiba izabelo okanye ukuhlala emsebenzini, kwaye kuye kwanda ngakumbi njengoko iminyaka idlulayo kwaye umsebenzi wezinga lebanga laba nzima.
Ngamanye amaxesha ukukhubazeka kubonakala ngakumbi xa umsebenzi wesikolo ukwanda kwimiba yamazinga aphakamileyo. Ukuba unokwazi ukujonga emva kwaye ubone ukuba umntwana wakho ufumene umsebenzi othile okanye umxholo onzima, kwaye ngoku akunakwenzeka, unesizathu esithile sokusola ukukhubazeka.
Esinye seziganeko ze- IDEA ezi- 13 zibonakala zifane
Ukuba ukhangele uluhlu kunye neenkcazo zezigaba ezilishumi elinesithathu kwaye omnye ubonakala efanelwe umntwana wakho, oku kufuneka kube yikhombisi ecacileyo yokukhubazeka.
Ukhuphe ngaphandle kwezinye izizathu
Xa uzame konke kwaye akukho nto ibonakala isebenza, mhlawumbi ukukhubazeka kungenzeka. Ngaba uthe wathetha notitshala malunga nokungenelela? Ngaba uke wazama ukususa iziphazamiso, ukubonelela ngoncedo olongezelelweyo, okanye ukuzama ukukhuthaza umntwana ongenakubona ukubaluleka kokwenza umsebenzi? Ukuba ngaba uzame yonke into mhlawumbi mhlawumbi ukuba umntwana wakho akabi, kodwa akakwazi ukwenza lo msebenzi.
Ukuba ucinga ukuba ukukhubazeka kungabangela imingeni yesikolo somntwana wakho, thetha notitshala wakho ngomntwana malunga neenkxalabo zakho. Unokwenza isicelo ngokubhaliweyo kwisikolo semvavanyo ekhethekileyo yemfundo ukuqala inkqubo yokuhlola.
Ziziphi iinketho ezikhoyo Ukuba Unquma Ukungaziceli IEP?
Ukuba ucinga ukuba umntwana wakho ukhubaze kodwa akahlangabezane neendidi ezilishumi elinesithathu, uzama ukujonga kwisicwangciso se-504. 504 ibhekisela kwisiqwenga somthetho wesigqeba - Icandelo 504- ukuba ngaphezulu kuchaza ngokubanzi ukukhubazeka. Icandelo 504 lichaza ukukhubazeka njengokukhubazeka kwengqondo okanye ukukhubazeka okwenza umlinganiselo omnye okanye ubuninzi bomsebenzi, okanye unembali yokuphazamiseka, okanye uthathwa njengengxaki.
Le nkcazo ebanzi equka ukuba neembali zokungaphumeleli okanye ukuthatyathwa njengento ephazamisayo ingabhekisela umntwana okanye umntwana osemva engahlangabezananga nemigangatho ye-IEP yokukhubazeka. Ngokomzekelo, umntwana unokuba neendlela ezininzi zokuziphatha ezifana ne-autism-ezifana neempembelelo ezichaphazela impilo yabo yemihla ngemihla, ngaphandle kokuhlangana ngokusemthethweni kwinkqubo yokuxilonga ngokugcwele ukuba yi-autism.
Ukuba umntwana wakho unzima kodwa ungacingi ukuba umntwana wakho unokukhubazeka uya kufuna ukuqala ngokucinga emva kokuba umntwana wakho waqala ukulwa njani esikolweni. Cinga ngoxa umntwaba wakho ephikisana nayo - ngaba unomsebenzi othile? ngamaxesha athile emini? ezinye iimeko ezenzeka ngexesha elifanayo?
Emva koko, misela ixesha lokuthetha nomfundisi wengane wakho malunga noko ukhangayo. Unokusebenzisana nomfundisi womntwana wakho ukuza nesicwangciso sokunceda umntwana wakho uphumelele kwakhona esikolweni.
Okokugqibela, Yilungele ukuhlaziya naziphi na izicwangciso ozenzayo
Umntwana wakho ukhula kwaye ukhula. unokufuneka uzame ngaphezulu kwesicwangciso esinye ngaphambi kokufumanisa oko kusebenzayo. Ukuhlala uqhubeka kunye nokuxhasa kuya kunceda wena nomntwana wakho ukuba unqobe ubunzima.