Amawele angabelana nge-placenta okanye ngamnye abe neyakhe
Xa amawele okanye iziphindaphindwa zizalwa, umntwana ngamnye unesidingo esifanayo se-oxygen, izondlo kunye nokususwa kwenkunkuma. Ngaba umntwana ngamnye ufumana i-placenta yayo, nangona kunjalo? Impendulo ayilula kwaye ixhomekeke kwimimiselo embalwa.
I- placenta iyilungu ebalulekileyo. Ngethuba lokukhulelwa, umsebenzi walo kukubonelela nge-oksijini kunye nezondlo. Kwakhona kuthatha inkunkuma. I-placenta ifom ejikeleza udonga lwe-uterine lomama kwaye idibanisa kumntwana ngokugqithisa kwintambo.
Ngokuphindaphindiweyo, inani lama-placentas lingahluka. Kukho iiplacentas ezininzi, enye ngomntwana, okanye enye ipentecenta eyabelwe ngabantwana. Inani lamapentecenta lingaba ngumqondiso weengcambu zeewele, igama elibhekiselele ekubeni liye lavela kwiqanda elifanayo okanye kwiiqanda ezahlukeneyo.
Ii-Placentas ezimbini zeewele zoBukumkani
I-Dizygotic okanye amawele angamaqabane aya kuhlala enama-placentas amabini. Kwakhona kuthiwa "umntakwabo" amawele okanye "amawele angamaxoki", iintsana zifana neyiphi na enye inzala.
Ifom ye-dizygotic ifomu ngokuhlanganiswa kwamaqanda amabini ahlukeneyo kunye namabini amabini. Kule meko, nganye imbungu iya kuphuhlisa i-placenta yayo.
Ngamanye amaxesha, nangona kunjalo, i-placentas ekhula ngokusondeleyo inokupheka okanye ifakwe. Oku kubonakala ngathi lilungu elinye xa lijongwa yi-ultrasound. Enyanisweni, i-Minnesota Centre ye-Twin & Family Research ithi amawele angamaqabane kunye afanayo ahlala engaziwayo kwaye oku kudideka kukudla.
I-Placentas ihluke kakhulu kwizinto ezininzi
I-Monozygotic okanye amawele afanayo (okubizwa ngokuba ngamawele "angokoqobo") anokufumana umntu ngamnye okanye abelana ngamapentcentas, ngoko ke inani lamapentecenta lingahluka. Ifom ephindaphindiweyo ye-Monozygotic ukusuka kwiqanda elilodwa kunye nodibaniso lwesidoda esahlukana emva kokukhulelwa. Ukuba ukwahlukana kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza-ngaphakathi kweentsuku ezimbalwa emva kokukhulelwa komzimba-baya kufana nokufana namawele angama-dizygotic, ukufakela ngokwahlukileyo kwisibeleko nokuphuhlisa iiplacenta ezihlukeneyo.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ulwahlulo lulibazisekile iintsuku ezimbalwa, ii-embrasi ziya kuphuhlisa nge-placenta enye, ebelwana. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ezi ziphindaphindwe ziya kufakwa ngaphakathi kwendawo yokutya ekwabelwanayo (ingqimba yangaphandle yesaka equlethe umntwana). Uninzi luza kuphuhlisa ngabanye kwiimnions ezihlukeneyo (umlenze wangaphakathi ojikeleze isikhwama se-amniotic fluid). Ixesha elithi monochorionic-diamniotic (MoDi) lisetyenziselwa ukuchaza le meko.
Iintsuku ezintathu kunye nangaphezulu
Kwimeko yamathathu (kunye nezinye iziphindaphinda ngaphaya kwamawele), ii-embrasi ziyakwenza ngokudibanisa iindlela. Njengamawele, bonke bangaba negalelo kunye ne-monochorionic.
Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukuba enye imbungu ibe ne-placenta ehlukeneyo ngelixa ezinye ezimbini zibelana enye. Oku kubizwa ngokuthi i-dichorionic kwaye iintsana ezenza i-placenta zifana nexa enye umntwana engekho.
Xa nganye intsana ezintathu ziphethe i-placenta yazo, igama elithi trichorionic lisetyenziswa. Ngokufanayo, xa iintsana ezine zifumana i-placenta yazo, yaziwa ngokuba yi-quadchorionic, njalo njalo.
Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka
Amawele e-Monochorionic angasengozini ye- twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (i-TTTS). Oku kwenzeka kumaphesenti angama-20 amawele e-monochorionic.
Kule meko, imivenge yegazi ivumela ukuhamba kwegazi okungalinganiyo kwi-twin nganye.
Elinye iwele liye lancipha ukuhamba kwegazi, ukukhula okucothayo, kunye ne-amniotic encinci. Elinye iwele lihamba ngokukhawuleza kwegazi kunye ne-amniotic yamanzi, enokubangela intliziyo. Le meko inokulawulwa kwaye uphenyo lwelayisi lwenziwa kwezinye iimeko.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, amawele e-monozygotic ahlukanisa iiveki okanye ngaphezulu emva kokukhulelwa kwaye aphuhlise nge-placenta ekwabelwanayo kunye nekheriyali kodwa equlethwe kwi-amnion enye. I-Monoamniotic-monochorionic (i-MoMo) iwele ivela ngaphantsi kwe-1 ekhulwini yeewele ezizalwayo.
Olu hlobo lokukhulelwa kufuneka luhlolwe ngokukhawuleza. Amawele asemngciphekweni wokungena kwintambo, ukunyanzelana kwentambo kunye nezinye iingxaki.
Kungenxa yokuba ngamnye unalo intambo ye-umbilical kodwa esesigodini esifanayo se-amniotic, evumela ukuba badibanise kwaye mhlawumbi bonakaliswe.
Igama elivela kwi-Verywell
Ukukhulelwa kuza nemibandela emininzi kwaye enye ibandakanya iziphindaphinda iza kunye nangaphezulu. Ukwazi indlela i-placenta ilungiselelo leentsana zakho isebenza ngayo kunokuba umdla. Gcina ukhumbula ukuba ngamanye amaxesha i-ultrasound ingakhohlisa.
> Imithombo:
> Benirschke K, uKaufmann P. P athology ye-Human Placenta . I-Berlin: I-Springer Science & Business Media, ngo-2013.
> I-Minnesota Centre yeTwin kunye noPhando lwezeNtsapho. I-MTFS Twin Info kunye nemibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo. KwiYunivesithi yaseMinnesota. 2007.