Uthini umahluko phakathi kwee-IV-D neNge-IV-D zokuxhasa abantwana?
Iintlawulo zokuxhasa abantwana zingabonakala zidideka, ngakumbi xa usanda kuqalisa. Ngokomzekelo, usenokuba uqaphele ukuba ezinye iintsapho zihlawula inkxaso yabantwana ngasese, ngqo kumzali wokulondoloza, kunye nabanye bakhokhela ngenkxaso yabantwana ngumbuso apho umyalelo wokuxhasa umntwana usungulwe. Oku kungenxa yokuba kukho ngokwenene iintlobo ezine ezahlukeneyo zokuxhasa abantwana.
Babizwa ngokuthi "IV-D," "IV-A," "IV-E," kunye neengxelo ze-"non-IV-D" zokuxhasa abantwana. Kubalulekile ukuba uqonde uhlobo luneko unayo.
Uthi "IV" ngokubhekiselele kwiSihloko IV soMthetho woKhuseleko loLuntu ka-1975, esichazela izibonelelo ukuchaza ngenjongo yokubonelela ngoncedo kunye neenkonzo kwiintsapho ezihlwempu kunye nabantwana.
Iintlobo zeeNkcazo zeNkxaso yabantwana
- Imibuzo ye-IV-D: Iimeko apho umzali okhuselekileyo efumana uncedo oluthile oluvela kwi-Ofisi yokuQinisekisa iNkxaso yabantwana. Oku kungabandakanya ukufumana umzali ongekho-mgcini, ukuseka ukuzala, okanye ukuseka nokunyanzelisa umyalelo wokuxhasa umntwana.
- I-IV-Iimeko: Iimeko apho umzali okhuselekileyo ufumana uncedo lukarhulumente evela kurhulumente. Ukuze uhlaziye iindleko zokuxhaswa kwintsapho, u-Rhulumente uzakuzenzekela ngokuzenzekelayo ii-IV-A kwiimeko ze-Ofisi yoQinisekiso lweNkxaso yabantwana ukuze uzame ukuqokelela inkxaso yabantwana ngokuthe ngqo kumzali ongekho phantsi.
- Imiba ye-IV-E: Iimeko apho umntwana / u-ren egcinwa ngumntu ngaphandle komzali, njengesinye isihlobo okanye inkqubo yokunakekela abantwana. Ezi ziko zithunyelwa ngokuzenzekelayo kwi-Ofisi yoQinisekiso lweNkxaso yabantwana ukwenzela ukuzama ukubuyisela iindleko ezivela kubazali abangaxhasi.
- Iziganeko ezingezange-IV-D: Iimeko apho inkxaso yenkxaso yomntwana isungulwa kwaye igcinwa ngasese, njengokulandela umtshato. Amanye amatyala angenayo i-IV-D abe ngamatyala e-IV-D xa athunyelwa kwi-Ofisi yoQinisekiso lwaBantwana kwiNkxaso yokuzama ukuqokelela ukuxhasa abantwana abangabhatalwa.
Ukuxhaswa kwabantwana isixhobo esibalulekileyo ekuncedeni ukuqinisekisa ukuba bonke abantwana banikezelwa. Nangona kubonakala kudidekile ukuba neentlobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zokuxhasa abantwana ezi zinto ziyimfuneko. Ivumela urhulumente ukuba alondoloze ukuba zeziphi iintsapho kunye nabantwana abafuna inkxaso engaphezulu. Ngamanye amaxesha iimeko zentsapho zitshintshile kwaye uhlobo lwenkxaso yabantwana eningayidinga ukuyitshintsha.
Indlela yokutshintshela iNkxaso yeNkxaso yabantwana
Akuqhelekanga ukuba iintsapho zitshintshe kwixesha lobomi bomntwana. Abazali banokutshata kwakhona okanye balahlekelwe ngumsebenzi, ozobanjelwa izizathu zokuhlaziya ityala lokuxhasa abantwana. Ngelishwa, akuqhelekanga ukuba abazali abangabikho banqwenela ukuyeka ukuhlawula. Ukuba udinga uncedo olunyanzelekile wakho wokuhlawula ukuhlawula inkxaso yabantwana kubalulekile ukudibanisa nomphathi wakho wexesha ngokukhawuleza. Urhulumente unesistim enokuthi uncede umntwana wakho athole inkxaso yezimali abayidingayo. Naliphi na ixesha ocinga ukuba ufuna ukutshintsha ilungiselelo lakho lokuncedisa umntwana kufuneka uqhagamshelane nomphathi wakho wegosa okanye igqwetha.