Phakathi kweenzuzo ezininzi eziye zadibaniswa nokunciphisa ixesha lesikrini- kuquka ukulala okuphuculweyo, isalathisi sokunciphisa umzimba, kwaye kwanciphisa intshukumo-yinto ebaluleke ngakumbi kubantwana abaneminyaka esikolweni: ukuphucula ukusebenza kwezemfundo. Akumangalisi ukuba uphando luye lwafumanisa ukuba abaninzi abantwana basebenzise amacebo e-tech, mhlawumbi banako ukugqiba umsebenzi wabo wesikolo .
Kwinqaku evezwe kwiNgqungquthela ka-Oktobha 2016 yase-American Academy ye-Pediatrics (AAP), abaphandi baseYunivesithi yaseBrown banikeze iziphumo zokufunda kwazo ezinesihloko esithi, "I-Digital Media Exposure kwi-School-Aged Children isinciphisa ukuphindaphinda komsebenzi wasekhaya." Ukusebenzisa idatha ukusuka ngo-2011 -2012 Uphando lweSizwe lwezeNtlalo zeNtwana, abaphandi bavavanya ulwazi malunga nokusetyenziswa kwemidiya kunye nomsebenzi wesikolo wasekhaya abangaphezu kwama-64,000 abantwana abaneminyaka engama-6 ukuya kwe-17. (Imidiya ye-Digital ibandakanya i-TV, iikhomputha, imidlalo yevidiyo, iipilisi kunye nee-smartphone , kunye nezinye izixhobo zesikrini ezazisetyenziswe ngabanye ngaphandle komsebenzi wesikolo.) Uphando lubonise unxibelelwano olucacileyo phakathi kokusetyenziswa kwesikrini esiphakeme kunye nokunciphisa amathuba okuba abantwana bazalise zabo izabelo zesikolo. Ezinye izigqwesileyo zeziphumo:
- Kuze kubekho i-Oktobha entsha, izikhokelo ze-AAP ezisetyenziswayo ukukhuthaza ukuba abantwana bachithe iiyure ezingaphantsi kweeyure ngosuku ngelixesha lesikrini, kodwa abangaphantsi kwama-31 ekhulwini kubantwana abalingana naloo nqanaba, utshilo umlobi ocwaningo uStephanie Ruest, MD, ugqirha ISebe lezeMpilo eziPhezulu kunye nePediatrics e-Hasbro Hospital kunye ne-MPH candidate kwisikolo seBrown University School of Health, Providence, RI. (Izikhokelo ezintsha ze-AAP zincoma ukunciphisa ixesha lokukhangela isikrini kwiyure enye ngosuku lweenkqubo eziphakamileyo zezingane ezineminyaka emi-2 ukuya kweyimi-5 ubudala kunye nemida engaguquguqukiyo kwixesha leskrini yezingane ezineminyaka engama-6 nangaphezulu.)
- Xa kuthelekiswa nabantwana abachitha iiyure ezingaphantsi kweentsuku ngosuku kwizikrini, abantwana abasebenzisa izixhobo zamashishini ezedijithali ngeenjongo ezinxulumene nezikolo ngeeyure ezimbini ukuya kwezine ngosuku babengama-23 ekhulwini abangaphantsi kokuhlala okanye baqhelise umsebenzi wabo wesikolo.
- Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezininzi zedijithali kwenza izinto zibi kakhulu: Uphando lufumanise ukuba xa kuthelekiswa nabantwana abasebenzisa izikrini ezingaphantsi kwama-2 iiyure ngosuku, abantwana abachitha iiyure ezine ukuya ezintandathu kwizikrini babekho kuma-49 ekhulwini kwizinga eliphantsi rhoqo okanye ngokuqhelekileyo ukugqiba umsebenzi wabo wesikolo kunye nabantwana kunye neeyure ezithandathu okanye ngaphezulu kweendlela zokusetyenziswa kweendaba, babengama-63 ekhulwini abangaphantsi kwimizuzu engaphantsi okanye baqhele ukugqiba umsebenzi wabo wesikolo.
- Inani elinama-36 ekhulwini lisebenzisa amajelo edijithali ezimbini kwiiyure ezine ngosuku; Iipesenti ezili-17 zasebenzisa izikrini kangangeeyure ezine ukuya ezintandathu ngosuku; kunye neepesenti ezingama-17 zabantwana basebenzisa ijelo ngeeyure ezingama-6 ngosuku.
- Phakathi kwabantwana abonakaliswe ngaphantsi kweeyure ezimbini ngosuku, kuphela iipesenti ezingama-65 zezingane zanikwa imida. (Imizekelo yemida iquka izinto ezifana nabazali bathetha abantwana abafuna ukuyikhubaza iTV emva kwexesha elithile elibekiwe; izithintelo kwiifowuni zisetafileni yokutya; okanye ukungavumeli abantwana abancinane ukuba babone umxholo olinganiswe nge-TV-14 okanye ngaphezulu .)
Izinto ezifunekayo Ukugcina Ingqalelo Ngezingane kunye neMithombo yeMedia
Beka imida kunye nokulindela kwangaphambili. Qala imimiselo yokumisela oko abantwana abakwazi ukukubona nokwenza kwiinkqubo zobugcisa xa bebancinci, kwaye baqiniseke ngokuqinisekileyo malunga nesixa sithuba abanokuchitha kwiikrini.
Yiba nesicwangciso seendaba. Awuyi kuvumela umntwana wakho adle inani elingenamkhawulo wezo zonke iintlobo zokutya okungenamsoco; amajelo asetyenziswayo kufuneka abuye ahlolwe kwaye apheliswe ngabazali. I-Healthychildren.org inexhobo eluncedo elinceda abazali bahlele ukusetyenziswa kweendaba kubantwana, utsho uDkt Ruest.
Gcina indlela yokusebenzisa ngayo imidiya ingongeza kwixesha eliqhelekileyo. "Ngamanye amaxesha asiyiqondi into eyenzayo yokusetyenziswa kweendaba zabantwana," kusho uDkt Ruest.
Imizuzu elishumi kwi-iPad, imizuzu elishumi elinesihlanu kwikhompyutheni-phezu kwexesha lexesha, inokongeza kwixa elithile. "
Ungalibali ngeengxolo zendawo. Le mihla, abantwana kunye nabantu abadala bahlala benamacebo athile e-tech ahamba ngexesha elifanayo. Umntwana usenokuba kwi-smartphone yakhe ukuthumela into nge-Instagram kunye ne-TV ngelixa eqhuba umsebenzi wesikolo. Vula yonke into ukuze uncede umntwana ugxininise kwaye akhethe amaxesha emini kunye nemimandla yendlu engenasiphelo. Ngokomzekelo, cima iifowuni kwitheyibhile yentsapho kwaye ugcine zonke izikrini-kubandakanywa iTV kunye neekhomputer-ngaphandle kwamagumbi okulala.
Akukhona nje ngomsebenzi wesikolo. Uphononongo lufumene ukuba ngaphezu kokugqiba izabelo zasemakhaya, ezinye iimpawu zobomi bomntwana jikelele, ezibizwa ngokuthi "ukukhula komntwana" -eendlela okanye ngokuqhelekileyo ukhathalele ukwenza kakuhle esikolweni; ukugqiba imisebenzi eqalisiwe; unomdla wokufunda izinto ezintsha; kwaye uhlale uzinzile xa ubhekene nemingeni-yehle ngokunyuka kwexesha elichithwe kwizikrini, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ubulili bomntwana, ubudala, okanye imeko yezoqoqosho.