Imithombo eyahlukileyo ichaza izinga elilodwa lomngcipheko wokukhulelwa kwesisu emva kwe-amniocentesis. Yiyiphi echanekileyo?
Yintoni i-Amniocentesis?
U-Amniocentesis ngumvavanyo oza kubeleka ngokuqhelekileyo owenziwe phakathi kwama-15 ukuya kwe-20. Kuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswe ukuvavanya iimeko ezimbini eziphambili: izifo zengxubevange ezifana ne-Down syndrome, kunye neziphene ze-neural tube, ezifana ne-spina bifida.
Ngethuba lo vavanyo, ugqirha uza kufaka inaliti kwisisu sakho kwisisu sakho ukuze usebenzise isampula yamanotic fluid . Isampuli ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza iimvavanyo zokukhubazeka kwezizalo, iingxaki zemizimba, ukuphuhliswa kwemiphunga kunye nokusuleleka kumntwana wakho okhulayo.
Ingozi Yenzelwe
Ngaphambi kokuthetha ngomngcipheko wokuphuphuma kwesisu ngokuphathelele kumniocentesis kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngendlela oku kufundiswa ngayo. Umngcipheko wokutshatyalaliswa komzimba emva kwe-amniocentesis ayithethi ukuba zonke izilahleko ezenzeka emva kokuba i-amniocentesis zibangelwa yinkqubo. Ngamanye amazwi, kukho ithuba lokuba kuqhutywe ukuphuphuma komzimba nokuba le nkqubo ayingakwenzi. Ngoko ke, kwizifundo kubalulekile ukujonga indlela ukulahleka kwesisu okuqhelekileyo kunoma yiliphi iqela lokukhulelwa nokukhupha loo nombolo ukusuka kwinani lezinto ezilahlekileyo ezifunyenweyo ukuba zenzeke, ngokuqhelekileyo, ekukhulelwe apho i-amniocentesis engenziwanga.
Ukongezelela, abafazi abakhetha ukufumana i-amniocentesis-umzekelo, abo bangaphezulu kweminyaka yobudala okanye abaye bavavanya ukuhlolwa kwezinto ezingaqhelekanga-banokuba neengozi yokukhulelwa komzimba ngaphandle kwenkqubo ye-amniocentesis.
Kubaluleka kokuqonda iingozi
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxoxa ngomngcipheko wakho wokukhulelwa kwesisu (kunye nezinye iingozi ze-amniocentesis ezikhankanywe ngezantsi) kunye nogqirha wakho.
Oku kungenza isigqibo esinzima sokwenza njengoko ucinga ukuba uvavanyo njengendlela yokuncedisa ukukhulelwa okusemgangathweni ngexesha elifanayo uvavanyo lubeka ingozi ekukhuleleni kwakho ngokwalo.
Wonke umfazi uhlukile
Sisoloko sijonge kwiinkcukacha zokunceda abantu baqonde ingozi yeengxaki, kodwa abafazi abangekho manani. Kukho abafazi abathile, ngokusekelwe kumanani amaninzi asemandleni abo kunokuba abanye bafumane isisu emva kwe-amniocentesis, nje ngokuba umngcipheko wokukhulelwa komzimba ngaphandle kwe-amniocentesis uhluka kakhulu. Gcina oku engqondweni njengoko ujonga amanqaku angezantsi.
Izibalo malunga neengxaki ezingekho emva kwe-Amniocentesis
Izibalo ezichaza umngcipheko wokuphuphuma kwesisu emva kokuba i-amniocentesis ihluke kakhulu, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo ukukhulelwa komzimba kucinga ukuba kwenzeka kwi-0.2 ukuya ku-0.3 yeepesenti ze-amniocentesis. Oku kuguqula umngcipheko wokuphuphuma kwesisu phakathi kwe-1 ngo-300 kunye no-1 kwi-500 yokukhulelwa. (Izifundo kwixesha elidlulileyo, ngokuphambene, zifumene amazinga aphakamileyo njengama-1 kwimizuzu eyi-100.)
Inqanaba lokwenene linokuba liphantsi. Uvavanyo luka-2015 lubhekisele kuma-42,000 amabhinqa anama-amniocentesis ayenziwa ngaphambi kweentsuku ezingama-24 zokubamba. Kule ngxelo, umngcipheko wokuphuphuma kwesisu phambi kweeveki ezingama-24 kwakungama-0.81 ekhulwini kulabo babenama-amniocentesis kunye ne-0.67 ekhulwini kwiqela elilawulayo labasetyhini abangenayo i-amniocentesis, ebonisa ukuba ingozi ebanzi yayingama-0.14 ekhulwini okanye i-1 kwi-700 yabafazi. .
Uthini Ukutshatyalaliswa Kwezihlobo Ezihlobene Ne-Amniocentesis Ngokuqhelekileyo Zenzeka?
Uninzi lwamathambo ahlobene ne-amniocentesis lwenzeka kwiintsuku ezintathu zokuqala emva kwenkqubo. Oko kwathiwa, ukulahleka kwexesha elide ngenxa yenkqubo sele kwenzeke kwiiveki ezimbalwa emva kokuba uvavanyo luyenziwe.
U-Amniocentesis Unokubangela Njani Ukutshatyalaliswa?
Ayaziwa ngokuqinisekileyo oko kubangela ukuba kubekho umngcipheko wokutshatyalaliswa komzimba emva kwe-amniocentesis. Izizathu ezinokwenzeka zibandakanya umonakalo kwimimbrane ye-amniotic ebangela ukulahlekelwa kwe-amniotic fluid, ukusuleleka okanye ukuphuma.
Izinto eziKongezayo Ingozi
Ixesha le-amniocentesis yinto enye ehambelana nokungafani nokukhulelwa komzimba.
Kucingelwa ukuba i-amniocentesis ngaphambi kweveki ezili-15 zithatha umngcipheko omkhulu wokukhulelwa komzimba ngaphandle kweenkqubo zesibini ze-amniocentesis.
Ikhono lonyango linokudlala indima. Ngokubanzi, amaziko ezonyango enza amanani amaninzi enkqubo ethile athambekele ekubeni neengxaki ezincinci. Kufunyenwe ukuba umgangatho wesampuli ofunyenwe ngexesha le-amniocentesis lungcono xa wenza ngugqirha onamava.
Ezinye iingozi
Ngaphambi kokuqwalasela i-amniocentesis Kubalulekile ukuthetha nodokotela wakho malunga nayo yonke ingozi. Ukongeza kokusweleka komzimba, ingozi ekhoyo malunga ne-amniocentesis iquka:
- Ukuvuza kwe-Amniotic fluid
- Ukudluliselwa kwezifo (ukusuka kumama ukuya kumntwana) we-hepatitis C, i-HIV, okanye i-toxoplasmosis
- Ukwazisa uR Rh
- Ukulimala kwenaliti kumntwana (ukusebenzisa i-ultrasound ukukhokela inaliti kuye kunciphise kakhulu umngcipheko)
- Sulelo
- Inyawo leQela (xa inkqubo yenziweyo phambi kweeveki ezili-15), ukuchithwa kwe-hip kunye neengxaki zemiphunga
Umngcipheko weMpawu zokuHlaliswa koMtshato emva ko-Amniocentesis
Ngaphambi kokuba ube ne-amniocentesis kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba-nangona ubungozi bokuphuphuma kwesisu buphantsi kakhulu-ubuncinci ukuya kweebini kweepesenti zabasetyhini baya kuba neempawu zokusweleka kwesisu esichengeni , njengokweqhwala, ukuphawula okanye ukuphazamiseka kwe-amniotic fluid. Ezi zimpawu zinokutshatya kakhulu, kodwa ngokubulela, ngokuphindaphindiweyo kuya kuba yinto engenanto.
Okukwintsusa
Inyaniso kukuba, ingozi yokutshatyalaliswa komzimba kwe-amniocentesis ayiqinisekanga. Ukuba ucinga i-amniocentesis nayiphi na isizathu kwaye unenkxalabo malunga nobungozi, kubalulekile ukubuza umculi wakho nayiphi na imibuzo engase ingqondweni yakho. Ukugqiba ukuba ngaba i-amniocentesis isigqibo somntu siqu. Ukuthetha nomcebisi wezofuzo kunokuba luncedo kakhulu, kungekhona nje kukukunceda uqonde ingozi yeenkqubo zokuvavanyelwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha esikufumeneyo, kodwa kukukunceda ukuba uqwalasele into oya kwenza ngayo inikezelo yeziphumo ezingaqhelekanga. Umcebisi omhle wezofuzo unokuncedisa ukuba ufumane uluhlu lwemibandela onokuyicinga ngokumalunga nokuhlolwa kofuzo, kunye nemingcipheko kunye neenzuzo kuwe nakumntwana wakho ngokubhekiselele kwiinkcukacha.
Imithombo:
Akolekar, R., Beta, J., Piccirelli, G., Ogilvie, C., noF. D'Antonio. Umngcipheko ochaphazelekayo woNyathelo lokuShatyalaliswa kweNdlu Emva koMamniocentesis kunye neChorionic Villus Isampula: UkuHlola okuHlolo kunye ne-Meta-Analysis. I-ultrasound kwi-Obstetrics ne-Gynecology . 2015. 45 (1): 16-26.
Ghidini, A., Imfundo yeMonde: Amniocentesis (Ngaphandle kweZiseko). UpToDate . Ukuhlaziywa 06/22/15.
UVan den Veyver, I. Ukuphucula kwangoku kwi-Genetic Screening and Testing. F1000Kusesha . 2016. 5: 2591.