Iingcamango zoKwahlukana okuPhezulu yinkcazo yokuphuhliswa kokuziphatha eyenziwa ngu-psychologist wasePoland uKazimierz Dabrowski. Iqulethwe ngamanqanaba amahlanu avela kwi-self-interest inqaku elipheleleyo malunga neyona nto echasene nayo ebaluleke kakhulu kwabanye.
Inqanaba I: Ukuhlanganiswa kweprayimari
I-Egocentrism yindlela elawulayo kule nqanaba. Abo bale nqanaba lokuphuhliswa kokuziphatha abaxhalabele abanye.
Bokuba banokukhuphisana kakhulu kwaye bahlala bephumelela ngenxa yokuba abanetyala okanye ihlazo ukuba bayeke ukwenza oko kunokulimaza abanye. Iinjongo zabo zivame ukulinganiselwa kwimpumelelo yemali, amandla kunye nozuko. Baswele ukukwazi ukuvalelwa nokuzihlola ukuze xa izinto zihamba ngokungahambi kakuhle, zibeka abanye ityala kunokuba bathathe uxanduva lwabo.
Umgangatho wesi-II: Ukungahlanganyelwanga
Abantu ngabanye kule nqanaba yokuphuhliswa kokuziphatha abangekho ngokuzimeleyo, kodwa abazange baphumelele kwisiseko sexabiso. Ziyakhuthazwa ngakumbi ngokukhathazeka ngezinto abanye abaza kuzicingela ngazo, ngesidingo sokuvunywa okanye ukwesaba isijeziso. Ukungabikho kwemilinganiselo yangaphakathi kwenza ukuba kube lula ukujoliswa kwezinto. Basenokufumana iingxabano zangaphakathi kodwa ezi zinto ziphakathi kwamanani okukhuphisana kwangaphandle, njengexabiso leqela loluntu kunye nosapho.
Inqanaba III: Ukuxhamla kweMeltilevel
Kule nqanaba, umntu uqala ukuhlakulela ingundoqo yengqiqo yexabiso.
Ukungquzulana kwangaphakathi kubangelwa kukuba umntu akanelisekanga ngoluphi na olinganiswayo ngokubhekiselele kwimeko efanelekileyo, ngokuchasene nemigangatho ephakamileyo yabantu. Uya kuqhathanisa ukuba ngubani na oko acinga ukuba unako okanye kufuneka abe. Umzabalazo wokufikelela kwindawo efanelekileyo unokukhokelela ekudakaleni, ukuphelelwa ithemba, ukuxhalabisa, kunye neemvakalelo zokungaphantsi.
Umzekelo, umntu unokufumana ingqiqo enzulu kwaye akholelwe ukuba nayiphi na into yamanga ibonakalisa ukuhluleka kokuziphatha okanye ubuthathaka. Ukuba baxoka ukuba baphume eengxakini, banokugxekwa yintloni kunye neentloni.
Abo beli nqanaba nabo banokuziva baziphethe kakubi kunye neontanga zabo abanamanani abo awanalo mgangatho ophezulu. Banga, ngokomzekelo, bakuthola kunzima ukuwamkela ukuba ukunyaniseka kwamaxesha angama-100 ngamanye amaxesha amkelekileyo kuluntu, njengokuba zihlandlo esizihlawulayo.
UDabrowski wajonga le nqanaba "ithuba lokungcola." Yona ngongoma apho umntu angakwazi ukubonakala engenayo i-neurotic kwaye engahlanjululwayo, kodwa ebudeni bokufikelela kwinqanaba eliphakamileyo lophuhliso. Iingcali zingazama ukunceda umntu ulungelelanise kwimimiselo yoluntu kunokuba amncede afinyelele kumgangatho olandelayo. Akuwona wonke umntu owenza kwinqanaba elilandelayo. Kweminye, inokuba ngumzabalazo wobomi.
Inqanaba IV: Ulwahlulo oluManyeneyo lweMiltilevel
Abo beli nqanaba baye bafunda ukulungelelanisa kwiminqweno yabo, baphile ngokuvumelana nezo ngcamango. Zinemilinganiselo enamandla kwaye engaqinisekiyo. Bayakwazi ukwamukelwa ngokwabo nakwabanye, baneengqiqo ezinzulu zokwenza uxanduva, kwaye bazibophezele ekukhonzeni abanye.
Bakhombisa uvelwano olunzulu, imfesane, nokuziqonda. Ukufikelela kweli lizwe, nangona kunjalo, umntu kufuneka aphumelele umzabalazo wezinga lesithathu. Ubomi bakhe bokudlulayo kufuneka budibanise ukwenza indlela yokuzimela.
Inqanaba V: Ukuhlanganiswa kweSibini
Abo bafikelele kwinqanaba lesihlanu lophuhliso lokuziphatha baye bafikelela kwiindawo zabo ezifanelekileyo. Impikiswano yangaphakathi isisombululo sonke. Abambalwa kakhulu abantu bafikelela kweli nqanaba, elibonakaliswa ngobomi benkonzo kubuntu kunye nokuphila ngokubhekiselele kwimigaqo ephezulu kunye neyona ndawo yonke yokubhekiselele kuluntu. UMama Theresa ukholelwa ukuba uye wafikelela kweli lizwe.
Umntu oncinci olwaziwa ngaphantsi kweSihlanu u-Peace Pilgrim, owayeka zonke izinto zakhe waza wachitha iminyaka engama-28 enceda abanye bafumane uxolo lwangaphakathi.
Ukubaluleka kweTheory
Ukuqhubela phambili kumanqanaba amahlanu akulula kwaye ngokwenene kunokuba nobuhlungu obungokomzwelo. Abantu abaninzi abahamba ngeendlela ukusuka kwelinye nqanaba ukuya kwinqanaba abahlala besenza njalo ngenjongo. Esikhundleni saloo nto, bazifumana bexhomekeke kwindlela ngokucwangcisa iimeko, ezibandakanya ukufa komntu othandekayo, amava okufa, okanye nokuba namava. Basenokungaqondi kakuhle ukuba balungele inqanaba elilandelayo.
Utshintsho olunzima kakhulu phakathi kwamanqanaba luphakathi kwezinga lesithathu kunye neyine nqanaba, kwaye abantu abaninzi abazabalazela ukufikelela kwizinga elidlulileyo abathathu baya kuzuza ngokucetyiswa, kubonelelwe ukuba ubani onikezelayo unokuqonda kakuhle imfundiso kunye nezobuchule. Ngaphandle kokuqonda, umcebisi angasebenzisa ixesha elinga ukuba umntu ahlengahlengele ubomi njengoko kunokuba ancedise ukuba ahambe kwinqanaba elilandelayo.
Xa umntu eqala ukunyuka kwinqanaba lesine, ukhetho lokuqhubela phambili luyazi. Umntu akayikwesaba ukutshatyalaliswa kwakhe kwaye uyakwazi ukwamukela intlungu kuba uyaqonda ukuba kuyimfuneko ukwenzela ukuba uphumelele kumazinga aphakamileyo ophuhliso.
Uxhumano phakathi kweNkcazo kunye ne- Overexcitabilities
Abo bantu abaneemvakalelo ezinzulu, ezinengqondo kunye neengqondo ezibonakalayo zibonakala zinamandla kakhulu okufikelela kumazinga aphakamileyo ekuphuhliseni ukuziphatha kunye nee-OE zengqondo kunye neengqondo zibaluleke kakhulu.
Abantwana abanikiweyo kunye neNtsingiselo yokuPhelelwa koMoya oPhezulu
Le ngcamango isebenza ngakumbi kubantu abadala kunabantwana, kodwa akuqhelekanga ukuba abatsha abanesithakazelo ukuba banenkxalabo yokulwa phakathi kwezinto kunye nendlela abafanele ukuba ngayo.