Ukugonywa kwabantwana abakhulileyo kufuneka bafumane
Xa ixesha lokubuyela esikolweni, akungabazeki ukuba uya kufaka iincwadi kunye neepensele, ufumane i-backpack entsha, uze uyisayine kwimisebenzi yemva. Nantsi into enye yokujonga uluhlu lwenu lokukwenza: Qinisekisa ukuba izitofu zakhe zihlawule. Ezinye zezinto azifumana njengomntwana okanye encinane kufuneka adluliswe njengoko efikelela kwiminyaka ethile.
Ngaphezulu, imithetho yokugonya ingatshintsha ukususela kwimizuzu-ngethuba, ngakumbi xa umntu omtsha enza i-debut. Oku kwenzeka xa i- fockenpox booster shot shot ngo-2006, umzekelo. Amazwe ahlukeneyo anokuba nemithetho eyahlukileyo, ngokunjalo, kubalulekile ukwazi oko kufunwa apho uhlala khona. Ngokomzekelo, i-hepatitis A ipopasho ifunwa kuphela kubantwana abadala kwiindawo ezithile zaseUnited States ezibhekwa njengengozi enkulu, ngoko kuxhomekeke apho uhlala khona umntwana wakho angenakuyidinga ukuya esikolweni.
Ezi zilandelayo zi-immunizations ezifunwa ngokuqhelekileyo kwizikolo ezininzi zase-US kunye nolwazi malunga nokuba luphi na ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuba zikhusela ntoni, nangaphezulu. Yisebenzise njengesikhokelo kuphela: Buza umntwana wezingane zakho ukuba umntwana wakho ufuna iimpapasho ezihlaziyiweyo phambi kokubeka isantya kwibhasi yesikolo esineqhwa elikhanyayo.
DTaP
Oku kudibanisa isitofu sokukhusela esikukhusela i-diphtheria, i-tetanus, ne-pertussis.
Uninzi lwabantwana bafumene amanani amahlanu ngelixa baqala isikolo, kubandakanywa enye emva kokuzalwa kwabo kwesine.
I-booster ye-tetanus iyadingeka kubantwana abaneminyaka eli-11 ukuya kwe-12. Ukongeza, isitofu sokugonywa kweTdap (i-Boostrix okanye i-Adacel) sinconywa kubaselula (kuquka isikolo sakho esikolweni esiphakeme) kunye nabantu abadala ukuba bawavikele kwi-pertussis.
MMR
Ukugonya kwe-MMR kuhlanganisa izifo ezintathu: imasisi, i-mumps, kunye ne-rubella kwaye ibaluleke kakhulu kule minyaka yokuqhawuka kwemasisi. Amanqanaba amabini ama-MMR adingekayo ngelixa umntwana eqala isikolo. Ishedyuli eqhelekileyo yinto edityanisiweyo kwiminyaka eyi-1, kunye neyesibini yesantya phakathi kweminyaka emi-4 ukuya kwe-6.
IPV
Lo mdlalo upheyoli. Uninzi lwabantwana banamayeza amane okanye amahlanu okugonywa kwesifo se-polio ngelixa baqala isikolo, kubandakanywa enye emva kokuzalwa kwabo kweesine-nje ngexesha le-nursergart.
Varicella
I-vaccine ye-varicella ikhusela kwikhukhu yenkukhu. Ukuba umntwana wakho akanalo inkukhu yenkukhu, uya kuyidinga isitofu esikolweni. Uya kufunwa ukuba athole ibhola elincinci xa ephakathi ko-4 no-6, nangona mhlawumbi wayenomdla wokuqala xa ebengumncinci.
I-hepatitis B
Esi sitofu sinikezelwa kwisiqendu seempawu ezintathu ukusuka ekuqaleni. Abantwana asebekhulile bavame ukuba nabo bonke abathathu abaneminyaka eli-12.
I-Hepatitis A
Zonke iintsana kunye nabantwana abaselula bafumana le festile, kwaye kwiindawo ezininzi zase-US, kufuneka ukuba abantwana abancinci bangene esikolweni.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, abantwana abadala kufuneka bafumane i-second Hepatitis A shot kuphela xa behlala kwindawo ephezulu yengozi enesifo sokukhusela i-hepatitis A okanye ukuba bahlala bengengozini enkulu-ngokomzekelo, bahamba kumazwe asakhulayo, ukuxhatshazwa iziyobisi, zinokuphazamiseka kwe-clotting-factor, okanye isifo sesibindi esingapheliyo.
Isitofu sokugonywa kweMenococcal
Wonke umntu oneminyaka eyi-11 ukuya kwe-12 ubudala kufuneka agonywe ngesantya esisodwa somgudu wokugonywa kwe-meningococcal conjugate, okhusela izifo ezifana ne-meningitis. Abantwana badinga i-shot shot yesibini kwi-16 ukuze bahlale bekhuselwe xa umngcipheko wabo uphezulu.
> Imithombo:
> Amacandelo okuLawula kunye neNgciliso yeZifo. "Kunconywe iShedyuli yokuNgcotshwa kwabantwana kunye nabantwana abasebekhulile abaneminyaka eyi-18 okanye abatsha, i-UNITED STATES, 2017".
> Isiko likaZwelonke sokuNgcotshwa kunye nezifo zokuphefumula. NgoFebruwari 1, 2016.