Ubudala bomntwana wakho bube yinto ephambili kwisicwangciso sakho sokonyango
Ukuqonda izigaba zokukhulelwa kunokuba nzima kuba iindlela zokuthandana ezisetyenziswe oogqirha azihambelani ngqo nekhalenda yonyaka. Ukongezelela, ukukhulelwa kuye kwahlula ama-trimesters okanye amaxesha amathathu.
Ulwazi olusebenzayo lwamagama abalulekileyo asetshenziselwa ukuphandana nokuthandana luncedo ekunyangeni kwamathambo kunye nezinye iilahleko zokukhulelwa.
Umhla ochanekileyo , umzekelo, umhla oqikelelwayo wokuhanjiswa (EDD, okanye ngezinye ii-EDC) okanye umhla apho ukukhulelwa kufinyelela kwiiveki ezingama-40 ukusuka kwinyanga yokugqibela.
Imigaqo Yokuthandana Okumele Uyazi
Iminyaka yobudala yonyango yithuba lezonyango ukuba zingaphi iiveki kunye neentsuku zokukhulelwa zidlule. Inempembelelo enkulu ekukhuleni komntwana ukuba aphile kwinzala yokuqala. Ixesha lokugqibela lokuhamba, elidla ngokugqitywa njengeLMP, lo ngumhla wokugqibela wokuba ube nexesha lakho ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe. It isetyenziswe ukubala umhla ofunekayo phambi kokuba uvavanyo olwenziwa nge-ultrasound lwenziwe.
I-Preterm kukukhulelwa kwexesha elipheleleyo elinamaviki angama-37 ukuya kuma-42. Naliphi na umsebenzi okanye ukuzalwa ngaphambi kweiveki ezingama-37 kuthathwa njengongaphambili. I-trimester i malunga neyesithathu okanye iinyanga ezintathu zokukhulelwa. I-Trimesters ibhekiselwa kuyo yokuqala, yesibini nowesithathu. Ayikho yonke i-trimester ubude obufanayo.
Xa uqala ukukhulelwa, uya kubuzwa xa ixesha lakho lokugqibela lithe.
Nangona kubonakala kungalindelekanga ukubala ixesha elifunekayo ngokusekelwe kwixesha apho ungazange ukhulelwe, yindlela elula kakhulu yokuqikelela ukuba sele ukhulelwe kangakanani ukuba kubekho i-ultrasound enokwenziwa.
Emva kokuba une- ultrasound , usuku lwakho olufunekayo lunokutshintshwa ngokusekelwe kwimilinganiselo i-tech iyakwazi ukuthatha ezinye zeengxenye zomzimba zentsholongwane.
Umhla kufuneka ushintshwe kuphela ukuba i-ultrasound ingaphezu kweentsuku ezintlanu ezahlukeneyo kwi-LMP yakho ngaphandle kokuba ungaqinisekanga ngexesha lakho. Ugqirha wakho uya kukwazi ukucacisa ukuba kutheni usuku lwakho lokugqibela luye lwatshintsha, ukuba oko kwenzeka.
Okuqhubekayo xa ukhulelwe, ukuchaneka okungaphantsi kwe-ultrasound kuqikelele ukukhula komntwana wakho. Ngoko ukuba awuzange ukwazi ukuba ukhulelwe kude kamva okanye ube nexesha elingavumelekanga, umhla ofunekayo uya kuba ungathembeki kangako. Ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela ukuba umhla ochanekileyo uya kuphazamisa ukunakekelwa kwakho okanye unyamekele umntwana wakho emva kokunikezelwa.
Kungaba nzima ukuqonda indlela "iinyanga" zokukhulelwa ezifanelekileyo ngayo nekhalenda. Ekubeni ukukhulelwa kukuchazwe kakuhle kwiiveki, akuhambelani ngqo kunye neenyanga zonyaka. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha iiveki ezingama-40, okanye iinyanga ezili-10 zenyanga (eziphilileyo iiveki ezine), kodwa ngenxa yokuba iinyanga zonyaka zide ngaphezu kweentsuku ezingama-28, ukukhulelwa kufutshane neenyanga ezi-9 zekhalenda, nangona kungenjalo.
Ukunceda oogqirha bakho kunye nabahlengikazi bathatha uncedo olungcono kunako konke, kungcono ukwazi ukuba uninzi lweeveki ezikhulelweyo, kunokuba zinyanga. Kungakunceda ukuba ubhale inani leiveki okho kwikhalenda yakho. Oku kulula ukufezekisa ngokubhala 40 ngosuku lwakho olufanelekileyo kwaye ubale emuva emva komhla weveki.
Ngokomzekelo, ukuba umhla wakho ungumhla we-Meyi 30, uza kuba neveki ezingama-39 zikhulelwe ngoMeyi 23, iiveki ezingama-38 ngo-Meyi 16, njalonjalo.
Ukusebenzisa Ukukhulelwa Ukuthandana Kwindlovu Ukulahleka
Ubudala bakho obudala, okanye ukude kangakanani nawe, kunokukunceda ukufumana indlela ugqirha wakho akwazi ukukukhathalela ngayo xa uqala ukufumana iimpawu zokungahambi kakuhle . Ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa, akukho nto enokuyenza ukukhusela ukuphuphuma kwesisu. Nangona kunjalo, kamva xa ukhulelwe, ukuchithwa okanye ukupakishwa kungaphathwa ngamachiza okukhusela ukuhanjiswa kwangaphambili.
Ukuba uhamba uhamba nekhefu, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba kukude kangakanani nawe, ingakumbi ukuba uneminyaka engama-20 ubudala.
Umthetho wakho welizwe ungahluka, kodwa ezininzi zibona iiveki ezingama-20 njengengongoma apho indlu yokungcwaba ibandakanyeke ekungcwabeni okanye ekutyeni. Umthetho wasekuhlaleni unokuchaphazela nokuba unako ukupheliswa kwemvavanyo xa ubonisiwe.
Inani leiveki ezikhulelweyo ozikho ngexesha lokulahleka liyakuchukumisa unyango lwakho lwangomso. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwangaphambili kwamathuba amancinci akunakwenzeka ukuba kuphinde kwenzeke kwakhona emva kokukhulelwa kwangaphambili, kodwa abafazi abaswele ukubola okanye ukuzalwa komntwana basenokuba besengozini yokuphindaphinda . Ukukwazi ukuthandana kwakho kunokunceda ugqirha okanye umbelethisi wakho ukuba afune ukuba yintoni, ukuba ikhona, ukuvavanya kufuneka uhlolisise umngcipheko wokulahlekelwa enye.
Isiqingatha ngasinye sokukhulelwa sinempawu zayo. Iimpawu kunye neempawu zokulahleka kokukhulelwa zihlukile kwi-trimester nganye.
Trimester yokuqala
I- trimester yokuqala iiveki ezi-12 zokukhulelwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abasetyhini abazi nokuba bakhulelwe de iveki ezintandathu okanye emva koko, oku kuthetha ukuba le ntathu ibonakala ngathi imfutshane kunamanye amabhinqa amaninzi. Ngethuba leveki, abafazi bavame ukufumana ubuninzi be-"classic" ekudakaleni kokukhulelwa kwangaphambili, njengokugula kwasekuseni, ukunyamezela isisu, ukuzithemba, ukukhathala, ukucoca rhoqo kunye nokuphuma kwamanzi okungavamile.
Ngelishwa, ngelanga, i-trimester enezinga eliphezulu lokukhulelwa kwesisu. Phantse ama-80 ekhulwini lokulahleka kwezinto ezenzeke phambi kweveki ye-12 yokukhulelwa. Uphawu oluqhelekileyo lokusweleka kwesisu kuphuma igazi. Ezinye iimpawu ziquka ukuchithwa kunye nokulahleka kokukhulelwa kwempawu. Ngokuqhelekileyo akukho nto enokuyenza ukwenzela ukukhusela ukuphuphuma kwesisu kwi-trimester yokuqala. Ufanele udibane nodokotela okanye umbelethisi xa unenkxalabo malunga neempawu zakho kwi-trimester yokuqala.
Izizathu eziqhelekileyo zokusweleka kwesisu kwi-trimester yokuqala zizinto ezingaqhelekanga , nangona ezinye izizathu zikhona. Ukuba unesisu esisodwa, ngokukodwa kwi-trimester yokuqala, ithuba lokuba nelinye lincinci. Ukuba unamathuba amaninzi, ungaba ngumviwa ofanelekileyo wokuvavanya. Thetha nogqirha okanye umbeleki malunga nesimo sakho somntu kunye nento ongayenza ukuphucula amathuba akho okukhulelwa.
Trimester yesiBini
I- trimester yesibini ihamba ngeeveki 13-28 zokukhulelwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abafazi baziva "bhetele" ngeli thumitha, ngokukhululeka kokugula kwabo kusasa nakwezinye ukukhulelwa kwangaphambili. Uninzi lwabafazi baya kuqala beva ukuba umntwana wabo uhambahamba ngexesha lesibini lekota. Le nanjalo i-trimester xa umntwana esebenzayo okanye ekwazi ukuhlala ngaphandle kwesizalo. Ukukhubazeka okwamanje kusekwe kwiiveki ezingama-24.
Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ezintathu zokukhulelwa kwe-pregnancy zingenzeka kwi-trimester yesibini. Iyokuqala isisu sokuhamba, emva kweeveki ezili-12 ukuya kwe-20. Emva kweeveki ezingama-20, ukulahleka kokukhulelwa kuthathwa njengesifo sokubeleka okanye ukuphela kwesisu somntwana . I-trimester yesibili nayo kwakhona xa umsebenzi wabasebenzi ubangelwa kakhulu. Emva kweveki ezingama-24, kukho unyango olukhoyo kwi-preterm sebenzi, nangona unyango alukwazi ukukhusela ukuzalwa ngaphambi kokuzalwa. Ukuqhawuka kwangaphambili ngenye yezinto ezibangela ukufa kwiintsana.
Uhlobo lokugqibela lokulahleka, oludla ukungahoywa, lupheliswa ngonyango. Xa umntwana enesifo esibi kakhulu esaziwayo ukuba siyabulala okanye xa umama eba neengxaki zokusongela ubomi ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwakhe, inketho ekhuselekileyo ingaba kukuphelisa ukukhulelwa ngokusebenzisa ukutyunjwa kwabasebenzi. Ukugqitywa kweempawu zixhaphake kakhulu kwi-trimester yesibini, nangona kukho ithuba elincinci lomfazi ophucula imeko esongela ubomi ngexesha lekota yokuqala.
Njengoko ku-trimester yokuqala, imbangela ehamba phambili yokulahlekelwa kwe-second-trimester ukukhulelwa kwe- chromosomal . Nangona kunjalo, ukuphuma kwesisu ngokukhawuleza kunokwenzeka ngenxa yezinye izizathu. Ezinye izizathu eziqhelekileyo ziquka ukusuleleka, iziphazamiso zokuqhawula umama, kunye nokungaqhelekanga kwezinto ezingenanto.
WeThathu iTrmester
I- trimester yesithathu , okanye iiveki ezingama-28-42 zokukhulelwa, yinto eguquguqukayo kwixesha elide. Ekubeni ukukhulelwa kuthathwa njengexesha elipheleleyo kwiiveki ezingama-37, ngokwenene kukho iiveki ezintlanu apho ukuhanjiswa kunokuthi kuqwalaselwe ngokuqhelekileyo. Ngaphambi kweiveki ezingama-37, naluphi na ukuzalwa olucingwa kuqala, nangona iziphumo zentsana zizalwe ngokukhawuleza kwiveki nganye kufuphi ne-37.
Ngethuba le-trimester, abafazi babonakala bekhulelwe kwaye baqala ukufumana amaninzi kunye neentlungu zokukhulelwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukugula kwasekuseni kusisombululo ngeli xesha, kodwa kukho ezinye izinto eziphazamisayo ezinxulumene nomntwana okhulayo, njengokwenzakala kunye nesidingo sokwanda.
Umsebenzi we-Preterm uyinkxalabo enkulu kwi-trimester yesithathu ukusukela kokungcoliseka kwingozi kubantwana. Nangona kunjalo, kukho umngcipheko oqhubekayo wokubeleka kwesi sihlandlo. Ezinye izixazululo zokukhulelwa, ezifana ne-preeclampsia, ezaziwa ngokuba negalelo lokuzalwa ngaphambi kokuzalwa nokuzalwa, zivame ukuba ziphindwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwi-trimester yesithathu ngokunjalo.
Olunye uhlobo lokulahlekelwa ngabafazi besithathu kwi-trimester bangabhekana nokufa komntwana okanye usana . Ingaba umntwana uzalelwa ngeengxaki zezokwelapha ezaziwayo okanye uzalelwa ngaphambi kokuba azalwe, banokubeka esichengeni sokufa emva nje kokuzalwa. Nangona akusiyo wonke umntu oya kuqonda oku njengokulahleka kokukhulelwa, oku kufelwa kubalwa njengenxalenye yokufa kwe-postinatal. Kule ndawo, ukufa komntwana kunye nosana kuthathwa njengengxenye yecala lokukhulelwa lokukhulelwa.
Imithombo:
Varney, H., Kriebs, J., et al. I-Varney's Midwifery, i-Fourth Edition. 2003.
Cunningham, F., Gant, N., et al. U-Williams Obstetrics, u-21st Edition. 2001.