Okubaluleke kakhulu kuPhuhliso lwabantwana bakho
Abazali bahlala bekhangele phambili xa umntwana wabo, umntwana okanye umntwana omncinci efikelela kwiindawo eziphambili zokukhula, ezifana nokumomotheka, ukunyuka, ukuhlala phezulu, ukuthatha amanyathelo akhe okuqala, ukubala ukuya kwishumi, nokudibanisa izicathulo zakhe, njl njl.
Khawubhekisise kule miba ephambili yokuphuhliswa kunye nexesha apho abantwana bebafumana khona ngokuqhelekileyo, ngoko uyazi ukuba zihamba ngendlela, okanye ngoko uyazi ukuba ukuphuhliswa komntwana wakho kunokulibaziseka.
Abazali bahlala bedimazekile xa beqhathaniswa nokukhula komntwana wabo kunye nabanye abantwana. Isizathu kukuba kukho uluhlu olubanzi xa abantwana befikelela ezintle. Ngokomzekelo, abaninzi abantwana baqala ukuhamba kakuhle ngexesha labo phakathi kweenyanga ezili-11 neye-15. Ukuba unamaqela enyanga ezili-12 ubudala, mhlawumbi uza kubona abanye behamba kakuhle, kwaye abanye abaninzi basandula ukujikeleza xa bebambelele kwizinto. Kwaye bonke banokuphuhliswa ngokuqhelekileyo.
Kwaye nangaphaya kobubanzi obuninzi bophuhliso oluqhelekileyo, zihlala zihlala ziziqhamo zakuqala kunye neziqhamo zexesha elidlulileyo nazo ziyakhula ngokuqhelekileyo, nazo.
Ukuba umntwana wakho akafikeleleki kwiindawo zakhe zophuhliso ngexesha, kuya kuba kuhle ukuthetha nodokotela wezilwanyana ukuba ubone ukuba kunokubakho ingxaki kunye nophuhliso lwakhe kunye naluphi na uhlobo lokulibaziseka.
Ukumamatheka
Ukumamatheka kuyisiganeko esiphuthumayo sokuba ininzi iintsana zifikelela ngexesha lokuba zithandathu kwiiveki ezisibhozo.
Kukho ngokwenene iintlobo ezimbini zokumamatheka kubantwana:
- ukumomotheka okwenzakalayo okanye okuphantse ukuxubusha okuza kwenzeka ekuqaleni kwexesha elitsha, kwaye
- ukumomotheka kwentlalo eyenzeka ekuphenduleni into ethile, njengokuba uthetha okanye uhlabele umntwana wakho
Ukumamotheka kwentlalo yinto ephambili yezona ntsana ezifikelela kuyo xa zineenyanga ezimbini. Ukungaxhamli kwentlalo ngeenyanga ezintandathu ubudala kubhekwa njengento yokuqala ye-autism .
Ukumomotheka ngokukhawuleza kunokuvela kwintsuku zokuqala zeentsana zobomi bakho kwaye kufuneka kube khona ngexesha elilishumi eliveki elidala.
Ukuhleka
Ukuhleka kukubalulekileyo kwintlalo enokuthi ininzi abantwana bayifumana ngexesha lokuba bathathu ukuya kwiiveki ezilishumi elinambini.
Akufanele kusimangalise ukuba iintsana ziqala ukuhleka ngeli xesha. Emva koko, iiveki ezintandathu ziqhelekileyo xa abazali beqaphela ukuba i-colic, enokwenza iintsana zenzeke, ziqala ukuphucula.
Ukugqithisa
Ukugqithiswa kwinqanaba eliphambili eliphuhliswayo ininzi leentsana zifikelela ngexesha lokuba zibe ziinyanga ezimbini ukuya ezintandathu ubudala. Ngokuqhelekileyo enye yezona zixhobo zokuqala eziphambili zeemoto abazali abajonge phambili kuzo.
Ukuchitha isikhathi esingaphantsi okanye esesisu, ekubeni ukukhululwa kweengcebiso zokubuyela kwi-Sleep to Sleep ukunciphisa umngcipheko we-SIDS, kuye kwabangela ukuba ezinye iintsana ziqhutywe ngaphaya kwexesha elide kunokuba zihlala zikho.
Inokubangela ukulibaziseka ekukhethweni kwamanye amanyathelo, kuquka ukuhlala kunye nokukhwela. Ngethamsanqa, ngelixa bebancinane, ukulibaziseka konke kubonakale kuphelile kungakhathaliseki ukuba usana lwakho lulele njani, ngoko kuyafaneleka ngakumbi ukuba uchaze la bantwana ukuba babe ne-'g 'ekuphuhlisweni kwabo kungekhona ukulibaziseka kwangempela. Ukuba ufuna ukukhusela le 'lag,' unokuzama ixesha elithile lomzimba ngexesha lomhla.
Sekunjalo, ininzi iintsana zigqityiwe xa ziphakathi kweenyanga ezimbini ukuya kweyesithandathu ubudala, kuqala ukusuka kwiphambi kwazo ukuya emhlane, emva koko zivela emhlane wazo ukuya phambili.
Ukuhlala
Ukuhlala phezulu yinto ephambili yentlalo leyo ininzi iintsana zifikelela ngexesha lokuba zihlanu kunye nesiqingatha ukuya kwiinyanga ezisixhenxe.
Enye yezona zixhobo eziphambili zeemoto abazali abazilindele kuzo.
Ukuchitha isikhathi esingaphantsi okanye esesisu, ekubeni ukukhutshwa kweengcebiso zokubuyela kwi-Sleep to Sleep ukunciphisa umngcipheko we-SIDS, kubangele ukulibaziseka kwiintsana ekuthatheni ezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo. Ezi zinto zibalulekileyo ziquka ukuhlala, ukugqithisa, kunye nokukhwela. Ngethamsanqa, ngelixa babengumncinci, ukulibaziseka konke kubonakale kudluke kungakhathaliseki ukuba usana lwakho lulele njani, ngoko kuyafaneleka ngakumbi ukuba uchaze la bantwana ukuba babe 'nelagi' ekuphuhlisweni kwabo kungekhona ukulibaziseka kwangempela. Ukuba ufuna ukukhusela le 'lag,' unokuzama ixesha elithile lomzimba ngexesha lomhla.
Sekunjalo, ezininzi iintsana zihlala zingenaso inkxaso xa ziphakathi kweminyaka emihlanu nesiqingatha ukuya kwiinyanga ezisixhenxe.
Ukuma ngeNkxaso
Ukuma kunye nenkxaso yinkqubela ephambili eyenziwa ngabantwana abaninzi ngexesha lokuba bathatha iinyanga ezintandathu ezisixhenxe kunye nesiqingatha.
Ukubona umntwana wakho emele ngenkxaso kunomdlalo kuba uyazi ukuba mhlawumbi umcimbi wexesha ngaphambi kokuba ahambe kwaye asebenze yonke indawo.
Gcina ukhumbule ukuba nangona iintsana zikwazi ukuma ngokuxhaswa, azikwazi ukuzitshintsha kwindawo yokuma zize zibe ziinyanga ezisibhozo ukuya kwinyanga ezilishumi.
Ukuthatha Amanyathelo okuQala
Ukuthabatha amanyathelo okuqala yinkqubo ephambili yeentlobo ezincinci ezifikelela phakathi kweenyanga ezilishumi elinanye kunye neshumi elinesihlanu.
Yintoni eyenza abantwana bathabathe ukuhamba ngokuhamba ngeenxa zonke, apho bahamba ngokubambelela kwizinto, ukuthatha loo mathuba okuqala?
Ingaba kukho isibindi, ukulinganisela okanye ithuba nje?
Kungakhathaliseki isizathu, ininzi intsha iqala ukuhamba kakuhle phakathi kweenyanga ezilishumi elinanye kunye neshumi elinesihlanu.
Waving Bye-Bye
Ukulonga yintlambo ephambili eyenza ininzi iintsana zifikelele xa zineenyanga ezixhenxe ukuya kwezi-14 ubudala.
Nangona ukuvuma ukuhamba kunye nokuhamba ngokuhamba kubonakala ngathi kuyinto eyonwabileyo yokufundisa umntwana wakho, ngokwenene ibaluleke kakhulu ekuphuculeni. Uninzi lweengcali zicinga ukuba lube ngumqondiso wokuqala we-autism okanye enye ingxaki yokuphuhlisa xa umntwana wakho engenzi nantoni na ukuziphatha ngokubakho ixesha elineminyaka elishumi elinambini ubudala. Ezi zenzo ziquka ukugada, ukukhomba, nokufikelela kwizinto.
Gcina ukhumbule ukuba ininzi intsana inokutshulwa emva kokuba iinyanga ezinesixhenxe ukuya kwezi-14.
Ukusebenzisa i-Pincer Grasp
Ukusebenzisa i-pincer grasp iyona nto ibalulekileyo ekukhuliseni ngayo abantwana abaninzi xa bephakathi neenyanga ezi-7 ukuya kwe-11 ubudala. Ungayibona xa umntwana wakho ethatha isipuni.
Ngaphambi kokuba basebenzise i-fingerprint fingerprint ye-fingerprint, malunga neenyanga ezi-7 ukuya kwe-11 ubudala, iintsana zihlala zikhetha izinto ezingaphezulu kwe-palmer.
Ukudlala Ukuzenza
Ukuzenza udlala, okanye ukuxelisa imisebenzi, ibalulekileyo ephambili ekuthuthukiseni abantwana abaninzi xa befikelela kwiinyanga ezilishumi ukuya kwezi-16 ubudala.
Ukuzenza udlalwa kufuthi kufaka izinto ezifana nokusebenzisa imouse yekhomputha njengefowuni, ukuxelisa umsetyenzana oye wabona abazali bakhe benza njalo.
Iintsana ziya kuqalisa ukukopisha abanye abazali babo ngemisebenzi yamakhaya imihla ngemihla, njengothuli kunye nokukhawuleza, malunga neenyanga ezili-18.
Ukuzenza udlala kuzakufumana ngakumbi xa umntwana wakho ekhula; Umzekelo, umntwana wakho uzenza ngathi ugqirha, umlilo, okanye umqhubi wemoto yomhlanga.
Ukuthetha Amazwi Okuqala
Unokuva amagama omntwana wokuqala, ngokuqhelekileyo umama okanye udade, xa umntwana wakho uneminyaka engama-6 ukuya kwinyanga elithoba.
Kulungile phambi kwamazwi okuqala omntwana wakho, umntwana wakho kufuneka athethe iilwimi zesigxina kunye nokuhlambalaza okanye ukubetha. Ukungaziboni ngeenyanga ezilishumi elinesibhozo kuboniswa yiingcali ezininzi njengophawu lokuqala lwe-autism okanye enye ingxaki yokuphuhliswa.
Ininzi insana ixubusha kakuhle phambi kweenyanga ezililishumi elinambini nangona. Enyanisweni, uya kudla ukuva amagama omntwana wakho wokuqala, ngokuqhelekileyo umama okanye udada, ngelixesha eliphakathi kweenyanga ezintandathu ukuya kweyisithoba. Ingane yakho ayiyi kusebenzisa la magama ngakumbi ngokuchanekileyo okanye ngokuchanekileyo de ibe iinyanga ezili-7 ukuya kwi-13 ubudala.
Ukudlala nabanye
Ukudlala okufanayo kufana neyona nto ininzi abantwana abaseminyaka emibini.
Ukudlala kweqela kunye nokwabelana akuqhelekanga ukusukela kwiminyaka emithathu. Kuze kube ngoko, ininzi iintsana kunye nabancinci abaselula bayadlala kuphela ngokwabo, ngokudlala ngokufanayo.
Ukuhamba Ngezinyathelo
Ukunyuka kwamanyathelo kuyisiganeko esiphuhlisayo esincinci abaselula abanokufikelela xa sele baneminyaka eli-14 ukuya kwezi-22 ubudala.
Abancinci abaninzi banokuhamba ngamanyathelo xa bekhulile kwiinyanga ezili-14 ukuya kwezi-22.
Oko akuthethi ukuba lixesha lokuthabatha amasango kwizitebhisi zakho okwamanje. Gcina izinto ezingenasiphene kubantwana kude kube ngumntwana wakho. Khumbula ukuba amasango kufuneka afakwe kwizinto eziphezulu nakwinqanaba ngalinye kwizitekisi ekhaya lakho. Ixesha elingakanani? Mhlawumbi ubuncinci de ukuba umntwana wakho akwazi ukuyivula eyedwa.
Ukutyhila kwiifoto
Ukutsalathisa kwimifanekiso yinto ebaluleke kakhulu ukuba abantwana abaselula bafikelele xa bephakathi kweenyanga ezili-18 ukuya kwezi-24 ubudala.
Nangona ungaqala ukufunda kumntwana wakho okanye umntwana okanye naluphi na umdala, kuya kuba mnandi xa beqala ukukhomba imifanekiso kwiincwadi.
Abantwana abaselula banako ukubhekisela kwimifanekiso emva kokuba babe malunga neenyanga ezili-18 ukuya kwezingama-24 ubudala, ezilandelwa ngokukhawuleza ngokuza kuthiwa imifanekiso ekhomba ngayo.
Ukutya ngeSpoon kunye neFom
Ukutya nge-spoon okanye ifoloki yinto ebalulekileyo kakhulu abantwana abafikelela kwiinyanga ezili-13 neye-21-nangona bangase bahlaziye.
Xa beqala ukuzondla, ininzi intsana ayiyi kubuya kwakhona ukuba idliwe ngumzali okanye omnye umkhathaleli. Kunoko, bathanda ukusebenzisa iminwe yabo, ubuncinci de bafunde ukusebenzisa i-spoon, abantwana abaninzi kakhulu bafikelela kwiinyanga ezili-13 ukuya kwezi-21.
Gcina ukhumbule ukuba nangona umntwana wakho oqala ukusebenzisa i-spoon, ifom, okanye indebe, oko akuthethi ukuba uya kuba kuhle kakhulu kwangoko. Ngoko unako ukulindela umonakalo ekudleni ixesha elincinane.
Ukukhwela iTricycle
Ukukhwela i-tricycle yinto ephambili yentlalo eninzi abantwana abanokufikelela ngayo ngexesha abaneminyaka emithathu ubudala.
Abafundi basesikolweni banokufunda ukuhamba ngeetricycle xa beseneminyaka emithathu ubudala.
Ngoo-ezine, banokufunda ukukhwela ibhayisikili elinamavili amabini aqeqeshelwa, apho banokuthi bawuthathe xa beneminyaka emihlanu ukuya kweyesithandathu ubudala.
Ukubala
Ukubala yinto ephambili yokuphuhlisa ininzi abantwana abakwazi ukuyifumana xa beneminyaka emine ukuya kwemihlanu nesigamu ubudala.
Njengoko befunda i-ABCs kunye nokushicilela igama labo, kubalulekile ukuba abafundi bezemfundo bafunde ukubala ukuze bahlale bekulungele ukuqala inkulisa.
Ukufunda ukubala kungathatha isenzo, nangona kunjalo, ungadikibala xa umntwana wakho engayifumananga ngokukhawuleza. Ingaba uthetha kwinqanaba lakho lezingane ukuba awucingi ukuba umntwana wakho uhamba ngendlela yokuqalisa inkulisa, kuquka ukuba akakwazi ukubala, ukuprinta igama lakhe, ukuqaphela iileta, ukunyamekela ixesha elifutshane, njl njl.
Khumbula ukuba ininzi abantwana bayakwazi ukubala ukuya kwishumi okanye ngaphezulu xa bebaneminyaka emine ukuya kweyesihlanu ubudala.
Ukubhala iiNcwadi
Uninzi lwabantwana banokubhala iileta baze bahlambele igama labo ngelixesha abaneminyaka emihlanu ubudala, elikulooxesha lokuba baqale ukulisa .
Ukwenza iNqaba yeeBloko
Ukwenza inqaba yamabhloko yinto ephambili yokuphuhlisa abantwana abaninzi abafikelela kwiinyanga ezi-24 ukuya kwezi-36.
Uninzi lwezingane zidlala ngokuzonwabisa kunye neebhloko. Akungabazeki ukuba nabani kubo baqonda ukuba ukubetha iibhloko zibe yintonga ngokwenene kuyimfuneko ebalulekileyo yophuhliso. Ukwenza umbhobho weebhloko ngokuqhelekileyo kuthathwa njengento ebonakalayo yokuhamba-imoto / yokulungisa ingxaki, kwaye abaninzi abantwana bangenza inqaba ye:
- Iibhloko ezi-2 ngeenyanga ezili-15 ukuya kwezi-21
- Iibhloko ezi-4 ngeenyanga ezili-17 ukuya kwezi-24
- Iibhloko ezili-6 ngeenyanga ezili-18 ukuya kwezi-30
- Iibhloko ezili-8 ngeenyanga ezingama-24 ukuya kwezi-36
- 9 iibhloko emva kweminyaka emithathu
Bembethe
Oku kuyimfuneko ephambili yokuba abantwana abaninzi banokufikelela ngexesha lokuba bathatha iminyaka emithathu ukuya kweyine kunye nesiqingatha.
Ngaphambi kokuba bafunde ukugqoka ngokupheleleyo, umntwana wakho uya kufunda:
- uthathe iingubo zakhe phakathi kweenyanga ezili-14 neye-24
- ubeke iimpahla eziphakathi kweenyanga ezingama-21 neye-30
- ubeke i-t-shirt phakathi kwe-2 1/2 kunye ne-3 1/2 iminyaka
Umntwana wakho uya kufunda ukuba agqoke kwaye enganxibekanga ngaphandle koncediso, kubandakanywa kunye neengubo zakhe, xa uneminyaka engama-3 kuya kwe-4/2 ubudala.
Ukubophelela izicathulo
Ukubopha izicathulo kuyimfuneko ephambili yokuba ininzi abantwana kufuneka bafike ngokukhawuleza ukuba babe malunga neminyaka emihlanu ubudala.
Nangona kule mini ye-Velcro izicathulo kunye ne-Crocs, kunokubonakala ngathi umntwana wakho akaze afune ukufunda indlela yokubopha izicathulo zakhe, abaninzi abantwana bafunda malunga neminyaka emihlanu ubudala.
> Imithombo:
> Umbutho phakathi kweNdawo yokulala kunye noPhuhliso lweeMoto zangaphambili. I-Majnemer A - J Iintsana - 01-NOV-2006; 149 (5): 623-629
> Iingcali zoLwimi kunye noPhicotho-mali lwe-Milestone Scale: Ukubikezelwa kweCognition kwi-Childhood. Capture AJ - Dev Med Child Neurol - 01-DEC-1986; 28 (6): 762-71
> Uvavanyo lweDenver Development (Denver II)
> UkuVavanywa koPhuhliso. Okufunekayo ekuHlangeni. I-AJ - I-Pediatr Clinic North Am - 01-FEB-1973; 20 (1): 3-26
> IiNkcazo zoLwimi kunye noPhicotho-zincwadi zoLwazi kwiMinyaka emiBili yokuPhila: uLwazi lweeNzululwazi zoLwazi. Caput AJ - Clinic Pediatr (Phila) - 01-NOV-1978; 17 (11): 847-53