Ukutshintshwa kwamanqaku kubantwana abaninzi abangatshatanga. E-United States namhlanje, ama-40% kubo bonke abantwana abazalwa bazalwe ngabazali abangatshatanga. Loo nani wawungama-18.4% ngo-2007. [Umthombo: Amasebe okuLawula izifo] Ngoko ke, inani labantwana abangatshatiweyo likhula ngesantya esesabekayo.
Sonke sibonile izibalo malunga neengxaki zentlalo ezikhulayo ezivela kumntwana okhulayo ngaphandle koyise.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, uyise ongatshatanga nomama bayazibophezela kodwa abatshatileyo. Kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi kakhulu, umntwana uya kukhula ngaphandle koyise endlwini yakhe. Kwaye ininzi oomatshini abangatshitshisiyo ababaziyo ngokwaneleyo ngamalungelo obawo phantsi komthetho.
Ukuba uzifumanisa, ngenjongo okanye ngokungazi, njengomntu ongatshatanga, kukho ezinye izinto ofuna ukuzenza nokwenza njengoko uzilungiselela ukuthatha indima yakho njengotata ongatshatanga ngumama wengane.
Oobawo bafuna ukuseka i-Paternity
Kwimithetho yentsapho ngaphesheya kweUnited States, ukuba isibini esitshatileyo sinomntwana, ukunyanzelwa kwezomthetho kukuba indoda kuloo ntsapho nguyise wengane. Kodwa xa umntwana ezalwa ngaphandle komtshato, akukho mfuneko yokusemthethweni yomntu. Ngaphandle kokumiselwa kobazali, uyise ongatshatanga akanakho ukuma ngokomthetho ngokubhekiselele ekutyeleleni, ukugcinwa kunye nokukwazi ukwenza izigqibo malunga nenhlalakahle yomntwana.
Indlela elula yokwenza umtshato kukuqinisekisa ukuba igama likayise ongatshatanga lisesitifiketi sokuzalwa komntwana. Ukuba nomama esibhedlele xa usana luzalwa kwaye uncedisa ukuzalisa iifom zesiqinisekiso sokuzalwa yindlela encinci. Ukuba oko akunakwenzeka, ubaba ongatshatanga unako ukugqiba ukuVunywa kokuzithandela kwefomnity fomu kwimeko yakho.
Ukuba umama uphikisana nobawo bobawo, unokuqhagamshelana ne-arhente karhulumente njengeCandelo loKhuthaza iNkxaso yabantwana kwimeko yakhe okanye unakho ukucela inkundla ukuba imise inzala yakhe. Utata ongatshatanga uya kufuna ukuba athathe uvavanyo lwezantathu (apho inkundla inokuyalela intsebenziswano nonina) ukuseka isimo sakhe somzali.
Kwimihlaba emininzi, umthetho udale ukubhaliswa kwebazali ababhaliweyo apho umntu angakwazi ukuvuma ukuzala kwakhe aze axelelwe nayiphi na inkqubo yezomthetho malunga nomntwana kuquka neziphakamiso zokutshintsha ukugcinwa, ukubeka umntwana ukuba athathe umtshato okanye ezinye izinto ezinjalo zomthetho. Ukuba ubume boburhulumente beno-registry, kufuneka afike kuyo emva kokubona ukuba ukhulelwe ngumama .
Ukufumana amalungelo
Emva kokuba uyise ongatshatanga umise umtshato, kufuneka asebenze ukuze aqinisekise imeko yakhe yokugcina. Indoda ekhethwe ngokusemthethweni njengobawo unamalungelo afanayo okugcinwa njengotata otshatileyo. Ukuba ngaba uyise nonina abangatshatiweyo bekhulisa umntwana ndawonye kwikhaya elifanayo, ukugcinwa kwemali akuyiyo ingxaki. Kodwa ukuba naliphi na ixesha bahlukana, okanye ukuba abanenjongo yokukhulisa umntwana kunye, ubaba uya kufuna ukucela inkundla ukuba amise amalungelo okugcina.
Ababawo ngokuqhelekileyo banokungalungi kwinkqubo yokugcinwa kwamatyala kuba iarhente karhulumente kunye nejaji zenkundla zentsapho zivame ukuqala ngolu hlobo lokuba umntwana kufuneka abe kunye nonina ngaphandle kokuba ukugcinwa kwakhe kungalimaza umntwana. Ngoko oobawo abafuna ukugcinwa kwemvume yomntwana kufuneka bagcine igqwetha lomthetho weentsapho baze baqalise inkqubo yomthetho ukuqinisekisa ukugcinwa.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, ngaphandle kokuba umama engafanelekanga, ubaba uya kufuna ukucela isicelo sokubambisana okanye uvumelekile okanye angafuna ukuvumela umama ukuba agcinwe ngokupheleleyo kunye namalungelo okutyelela kuphela. Ukuba unina akafanelekanga ukugcina umntwana, uya kufuna ukucela isicelo sokugcinwa komthetho ngokupheleleyo.
Ngaphambi kokuba inkundla inqume ukugcinwa komthetho kumntwana, abazali kufuneka bahlangane kunye nokuseka isicwangciso sobuzali esichaza imisebenzi kunye noxanduva. Xa oku kungenziwa ngendlela enobubele phakathi kwabazali, iinkundla ziyakwazi ukuvuma isicwangciso abayidalayo.
Ukuhlawula iNkxaso yabantwana
Amadoda ooyise, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ngabagcini bawo, banomthwalo wemali kumntwana. Indlela kuphela yokuphepha ukuxhaswa kwabantwana kukuba ubaba ukuba anelungelo lokubambisa ilungelo lokuba ngumzali. Ukuba ubaba nomama bavusa umntwana ndawonye, inkxaso yenkxaso yemali iyenzeka ngokungekho sikweni. Kodwa ukuba abazali bahlukana, inkxaso yabantwana iya kuba yinyanzelo esemthethweni yomthetho.
Ukuxhaswa kwabantwana kunqunywe ngokusekelwe kumanani amaninzi kubandakanywa namanqanaba omvuzo ngamnye womzali kunye nezibophelelo, ukufumaneka kweminye inkxaso yemali kunye neemfuno zabantwana. Icandelo ngalinye linye kwaye iimali zokuxhaswa kwabantwana ezifunekayo ziya kugqitywa ngabanye. Kodwa xa inkxaso yenkxaso yabantwana imiselwe iinkundla, iba yimbopheleleko yemali eyimfuneko enokunyanzelwa yi-arhente karhulumente. Kwaye nokuba ngaba uyise akasebenzisane nomama kwizinto ezifana nokuvakashelwa, iimbopheleleko zokuxhasa abantwana zihlala.
Oomatshini abangenayo banamalungelo kunye noxanduva olunjengeyiphi na ooyise. Kodwa kunikwa ukungabi nomtshato womthetho phakathi kwabazali, ukusekwa kwamalungelo kunye nokunyanzelisa loo mibopheleleko ibe nzima kakhulu. Amadoda athoba njengabazali abangatshatanga, nokuba ngaba ngenjongo okanye kungenjalo, kufuneka bathathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa amalungelo abo omzali kunye nokuhlangabezana neemfanelo zabo zabazali. Akuyinto enokuthi ithathwe ngokulula xa intlalontle yomntwana inomthwalo.