Musa ukudibanisa le mibini, okanye usebenzise ngaphezulu
Ngaba uyayazi inzuzo kunye neqhayiya kwimfazwe yeziselo zemidlalo kunye neziphuzo zamandla? Ngaba wakho umntwana? Ezi zimbini iintlobo ziselo ziqukethe izithako ezahlukileyo, kodwa abaninzi abafana nabafana bacinga ukuba into efanayo-kunye nokuba baneempawu ezinempilo, okuyiyo (ngokuqhelekileyo) ayinyani. Ingaphezulu kweyesithathu yabantwana abasesidlangalaleni basebenzisa iziphuzo zezemidlalo kunye ne-15% basebenzisa iziphuzo zamandla okungenani kanye ngeveki, ngokutsho kwesifundo se-2014.
Iziphuzo zezemidlalo zihlala ziqukethe i-carbohydrate, izityela, i-electrolytes, ngamanye ama-vithamini okanye ezinye izondlo, kunye ne-flavoring. Ewe, zonke ezo (ukunciphisa ukunambitheka) ziyinxalenye yesondlo esondlo. Kodwa ngaphandle kokuba abantwana bebenzima ngokwenene, ixesha elide, akudingeki ukuba bathathe ngokukhawuleza ukuba bathathe indawo yee-carbs, i-electrolytes, kunye namanzi ngokusela. Kunoko, kufuneka bazidle njengengxenye yokutya kwabo kwansuku zonke, kunye namanzi amaninzi .
Iziphuzo zamandla , ngakolunye uhlangothi, ziqulethe izikhuthazo ezifana ne-caffeine, i-taurine, i-guarana, kunye ne-supplement supplements. Isiqingatha se-$ 9 billion yeemarike zezi ziphulo ziyingane, intsha, kunye nabantu abadala abaseneminyaka engaphantsi kwe-26 ubudala, ngokubhekiselele kwiphando lonyaka ka-2011 elipapashwe liphepha lePediatrics. Nangona abanye abantwana beqonda ukuba zeziphi izithako ezithatha iziphuzo zamandla, abaninzi abaziphathekanga, kwaye ngokugqithiseleyo bacinga ukuba ezi ziphuzo ziyindlela engcono yokuphuza i-soda okanye ezinye iziphuzo ezinomsoco.
Okanye badla iindawo ezininzi zokusela izixhobo zamanzi ngokuzama ukuvuselela emva kokuzivocavoca, okukhokelela ekugqithiseni kwezo zithako ezikhuthazayo.
Amanzi okuNxile
I-caffeine enye yeengozi ezinkulu zezonxila zamandla. "Nangona i-US Food and Drug Administration (i-FDA) imisela umxholo we-caffeine kwiziphuzo ezithambileyo, ezikwahlula njengokutya, akukho myalelo wokusela izixhobo zamanzi, ezichazwe njengezongezelelo zokutya," phawula abalobi be- Pediatrics study.
Iziphuzo ezininzi zamanzi ziqulethe ngaphezu kwe-3 i-caffeine ye-soda kunye ne-caffeine eyongeziweyo kwizongezo ezifana ne-guarana, i-cocoa kunye ne-kola nut. Abantwana kunye nentsha akufanele batye ngaphezu kwe-100 mg ye-caffeine ngosuku okanye 2.5 mg nganye ngeekhi yesisindo somzimba.
Ngo-2010, i-American Association of Controls Centres yabelwa ikhowudi yokunika ingxelo kwiziphuzo zamandla ukulandelela ukugqithiswa kwamanye amazwe kunye nezinye iziganeko. EJamani, eliye lalandelela ezi ziganeko ukususela ngo-2002, iziganeko ezinjalo ziye zaholela ekulimaleni kwesibindi, ukungaphumeleli kwezintso, ukuthinteka, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo, kunye nokufa.
Ababhali besifundo se-2011 baphakamise ukukhathazeka ngokuphathelele iziphuzo zamandla kumaqela athile abantwana, njengalezo ziimeko zentliziyo, i-ADHD, izidlo zokutya kunye nesifo sikashukela. Kwaye bayaqaphela ukuba iziphuzo ezinjalo zivame ukuthengiswa kubantwana: "Izicwangciso zokuthengisa izixhobo zamanzi zibandakanya umcimbi wezemidlalo kunye nokuxhaswa kwezemidlalo ... kunye nokufakwa kwemveliso kumajelo (kubandakanywa i-Facebook nemidlalo yevidiyo) ezijoliswe kubantwana, abaselula kunye nabaselula."
Olunye uphando lufumene izixhumanisi phakathi kokusetyenziswa kotywala kwamandla kunye nomgaqo wokuziphatha, umsebenzi olawulayo, ukuxinezeleka, ukutshaya kunye nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi.
Iimidlalo zokuNxila
Ingxaki ephambili yeophulo zezemidlalo ayikho iikhalori ezingadingekile.
"Umntwana osemyingeni obandakanyeka emsebenzini oqhelekileyo, ukusetyenziswa kweziphuzo zezemidlalo endaweni yamanzi kwintlalo yezemidlalo okanye kwisidlo sasekuseni esikolweni ngokuqhelekileyo akudingekile," kuchaza ingxelo yekliniki evela kwiKomidi laseMelika leZiko leMpilo leNzululwazi. Kulula ukudla iikholori eziyi-100 kwibhotile enye ye-20-ounce yeziphuzo zezemidlalo ngaphandle kokuyiqonda-ngakumbi xa ibhotile enye i-2.5 servings. Abantu abaninzi bayakulibala i-akhawunti ngokukhangela ubukhulu xa befunda iileyile zokutya kunye nokubala iikhalori.
"Ukusetyenziswa ngokugqithiseleyo kwezidyobheji zine-carbohydrates kwandisa intlawulo ye-caloric yansuku zonke ngaphandle kwexabiso elongezelelweyo lokutya," ingxelo iyaqhubeka.
Ngako oko, ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwindlela echaphazelayo kuphazamisa ukulinganisela kwe-carbohydrate, i-fat, kunye neprotheni efunekayo ekukhuleni, ukuphuhliswa, ukubunjwa komzimba kunye nempilo. " Umgca ophezulu: ngamanzi phantse ukhetho oluhle kumsebenzi osebenzayo, onabantwana abaphilileyo.
Imithombo:
IKomiti yeZondlo kunye neBhunga kwiMidlalo yeMpilo kunye nokuPhepha. Ingxelo yezonyango: Iziphuzo zezemidlalo neziphuzo zamandla kubantwana nakwishumi elivisayo: Ngaba zifanelekile? Izifo zengqondo Vol. 127 No. 6, Juni 2011.
I-Costa BM, uHayley A, uMiller P. Iingcamango eziselula ezisemncinci, iipateni kunye nezimo zokusetyenziswa kwamanzi okusela. Isifundo seqela lokugxila. Umtya weNombolo 80, Septemba 2014.
ULarson N, uDewolfe J, iNdaba M, i-Neumark-Sztainer D. Ukusetyenziswa kwamabhola eziselo zezemidlalo kunye nezixhobo zamandla: iziqhagamshelwano ukuya kumsebenzi ophezulu, izixhobo zokusela, ukutshaya umsila kunye nokusetyenziswa kweendaba. Umbhalo WezeMfundo Yokutya kunye nokuziphatha. I-Vol 46 No. 3, ngoMeyi-Juni 2014.
Seifert SM, Schaechter JL, Hershorin ER, Lipshultz SE. Imiphumo yempilo yeziphuzo zamandla kubantwana, abaselula kunye nabantu abadala. Izifo zengqondo Vol. 127 No. 3, Matshi 2011.
Van Batenburg-Eddes T, Lee NC et al. Iimiphumo ezimbi ezibangelwa iziphuzo zamandla kwimisebenzi yolawulo kwasekuseni. Umda we-Psychology Vol 20 No. 5, Meyi 2014