Ukukhulelwa kuletha imibuzo eninzi, kuquka nendlela (kwaye ngokukhawuleza) unokufumana isondo somntwana wakho. Kukho iindlela ezininzi ezisetyenziselwa ukucacisa ubulili besana, ezinye zithembeke ngakumbi kwabanye. Ukusebenzisa isantya senhliziyo yentliziyo njengendlela yokufumanisa isini somntwana esekelwe kwingqungquthela, nangona ikholelwa ukuba isebenza iminyaka emininzi.
Ukujonga Ingane Yomntwana Yakho Yomntwana
Indlela eqhelekileyo yokuphulaphula intliziyo yesisu isesandleni esiphethwe yiDoppler .
Esi sixhobo sokuphulaphula siseteknoloji ye-ultrasound, amagagasi omsindo, ukuyila isandi senhliziyo yakho ngentetho kwisithethi. Oku kuthetha ukuba wena kunye nabo banako ukuva iingqungquthela zentliziyo yengane yakho. I-Doppler isetyenziswa rhoqo ukusuka kwi-10 ukuya kweyeshumi elinambini-iiveki ukuya kwangoko uqala umsebenzi. Ingasetyenziselwa ekusebenzeni njengoluhlobo lokulinda umntwana .
Nangona kunjalo, intliziyo yengane yakho iya kuqala ukubetha phakathi kweveki yesihlanu neyesithandathu yokukhulelwa. Indlela efanelekileyo yokuva intliziyo yesantya ngeli xesha ihamba nge-ultrasound. Le ultrasound ingaba yintsholongwane ye-vaginal okanye i-ultrasound ye-transabdominal, ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yokukhulelwa, ukuma komzimba wakho, isixa somzimba, kunye nommandla wesisu. Ukuba awukwazi ukuva intliziyo, kukho izizathu eziqhelekileyo zokuba kutheni, kungekhona bonke abaphumayo.
Intliziyo yokuqala yokubetha yayingabonakali, kodwa njengeteknoloji ye-ultrasound kwi-trimester yokuqala iye yaphucula sikwazi ukubona ngakumbi ngokukhulelwa nosana ngaphambili.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, unokubona iipikseli ezimbalwa eziqhaqhazayo kwesikrini se-ultrasound phakathi kweesonto ezithandathu kunye neeveki ezisixhenxe.
Kule ngongoma, izinga lentliziyo yengane yakho lidla ngokukhawuleza kunokuba kuza kuba kwiiveki ezizayo. Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha eli-8 ukuya kweleveki ezikhulelweyo, intliziyo yakho yomntwana iya kubetha malunga ne-170 ukuya kwi-200 ngomzuzu ngomzuzu (bpm).
Oku kuya kuncipha kwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo lentliziyo ye-fetal ye-120 ukuya ku-160 bpm ngexesha lepakati lokukhulelwa de kube sekupheleni.
Qaphela ukuba iqondo lentliziyo litshintshela kuzo zonke izigaba zobomi. Ukuba umntwana wakho uhamba, intliziyo yakhe iya kunyuka, njengoko inqanaba lentliziyo yakho lenza ngokunyakaza. Ngoko, asijongi ukutshintsha kwentliziyo yengane yakho, kodwa kunokuba isilinganiselo sakhe sokuphumula senhliziyo.
Ukwahlukana Phakathi Kwabafana Neentombi
Ngaba ezi ntlupheko zeentliziyo ziyahluka phakathi kwamakhwenkwe namantombazana esibelethweni? Impendulo emfutshane kule mbuzo ayikho, akukho mmahluko kwintliziyo yenkwenkwe nentombazana ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ayikho indlela eyaziwayo yokuxelela isondo somntwana wakho ngokusekelwe kwintliziyo yedwa.
Oku kuyinyaniso kuwo onke amanqaku ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Akunandaba ukuba usebenzisa i-ultrasound okanye i-heart-fetal-monitor-there is no correlation phakathi kwesondo lomntwana kunye nesantya sentliziyo yesisu . Ucwaningo oluninzi olubeka umbuzo kwisivivinyo alufumananga ukulungiswa.
Ngaba Intsomi Yengqondo Yomntwana Yayifumana Njani Intsomi Yengqondo?
Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ukususela ekuqaleni kwexesha, siye sazama ukucacisa ubulili ngaphambi kokuba sizalwe ngokungafani kokulandelela kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo size sibone ngesondo sezingane ezizalwe.
Le yilapho ezininzi iinguqulelo zengqungquthela ziye zaqala kwaye zanda. Nangona ezi ngxelo zengxowa-zincwadi azixhomekeke kwinyani kwaye azibambeli kwiincwadi zenzululwazi, zininzi zazo. Yonke into ekusebenziseni indandatho yokusebenzisa iseshati yamandulo yesini yaseTshayina isetyenzisiwe.
Nangona kungekho mpendulo ecacileyo malunga nokuqala kwenkolelo yenkolelo, into ethile yembali ingaba luncedo ekusinikeni izikhombisi. Ukuqala, uphando lwaseBrithani olwenziwe ngo-1998 lubhala ukuba "Kukho umbono ogqityiweyo kodwa ophosakeleyo phakathi koluntu obalaseleyo ukuba kukho umehluko kwisantya senhliziyo yentliziyo yesisu phakathi kwamantombazana nabesetyhini." Izazinzulu eziqhuba isifundo zicinga ngokucacileyo ukuba imbono yavela kwimbali, kodwa ukukhangela kwincwadi yezokwelapha kwiminyaka engamashumi amathathu edlulileyo kubonisa ngenye indlela.
Ngokomzekelo, isifundo esifanayo esenza iminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo ngaphambili ngaphambili sibhekisela kwi "ngcamango" yokuba isondo lomntwana singabonwa ngumlinganiselo wentliziyo yentliziyo, ebonisa ukuba le ngcamango sele isinele ingqalelo kwiindawo zonyango ngokwaloo xesha. Enyanisweni, ukubhekisela kwiingcamango kufumaneka kwizifundo zesayensi kusukela ngo-1969.
Abahlengikazi bezeMisebenzi kunye nabanikezeli beza kunika i-nugget yolwazi kwaye baxelele izigulane zabasebenzi ukuba isantya sentliziyo esheshayo yintombazana kwaye isantya senhliziyo esancinci isantombazana. Ba sekelwe oku kumava abo kunye kwaye kwakungekho nzululwazi emva koko bathethayo. Yintoni eyenza intsholongwane yentliziyo yentsholongwane yintsholongwane kukuba itywina ngathi ingaxhomekeke kwinyango yezobugqirha kwaye yaqhutyelwa ngabahlengikazi abanentsingiselo abangenayo isayensi ukuze baphakamise ukucinga kwabo.
Ingxaki Yomntwana Wakho Yenziwe Njani?
Njengengongoma yokujonga ukungafani kwemfuyo, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba ubulili bomntwana wakho buchaniwe kwaye njani. Umntwana wakho ufumana isethi yeDNA evela kumama kunye noyise. Ibhinqa, eyi-XX, inokunikela kuphela i-X kwi-DNA yomntwana. Indoda i-XY kwaye inokuthi ifake i-X okanye i-Y. Le nto imiselwa ngokukhawuleza xa iqanda kunye nesidoda zidibana, kodwa ukubonakala kwangaphandle kwentsana akuyi kubonakalisa i-genitalia yangaphandle kude kube yimihla yokuqala yekota.
Indlela ukuhlolwa kwe-Genetic kudlala ngayo ekunqumeni ngesondo
Ukufuna ukwazi akusoloko kuba isizathu sokuba abazali bafune ukuba bazi ukuba benentombazana okanye intombazana. Kwezinye iimeko, ukuba intsapho ibenenkinga yokuzalwa ngokwesini, ukufumana isondo lomntwana kunokusindisa ukwesaba kwintsapho okanye ubaxelele ukuba zeziphi iingxaki zokuthi umntwana wabo ufuna uncedo.
Njengoko inzululwazi yafezekisa iimvavanyo zofuzo ngendlela ye- amniocentesis kunye nesampuli ye - chorionic villus (i-CVS) , abazali bakwazi ukwazi ngesondo lomntwana wabo kwaye banengcamango engcono yengozi yeemeko zofuzo. Ingxaki kukuba le mvavanyo ingenasiphelo, nto leyo ithetha ukuba ingaba isongela ubomi kumntwana. Ngaloo ndlela, zigcinwe kwiintsapho ezinomngcipheko ophezulu wokungabikho kwemvelo.
Qaphela ukuba nangona le mvavanyo yindlela ethembekileyo yokuzimisela ngesondo, ngokungafani neyantliziyo yenkozo yesisu, ayenziwanga nje ukufumanisa isini somntwana. Le ngcaciso ibhonasi.
Izindlela ezininzi ezithembekileyo zokufunda i-Baby's Gender yakho
Ultrasound
Nangona izinga lentliziyo liqikelelwa nge-ultrasound alithembekiyo ekunqumeni ubulili besana ngexesha lokukhulelwa, i- ultrasound ejikeleze emkhatsini wokukhulelwa okwangoku yindlela eqhelekileyo yokuba iintsapho zifumanisa ngesondo lomntwana.
Kunokuba ugxininise kwizinga lentliziyo, i-ultrasound isetyenziselwa ukujonga impilo ye-anatomy nempilo yengane. Ngokuqinisekileyo, i-genitalia yangaphandle iwela kulolo hlobo. I-Ultrasounds zenziwe kwinqanaba elilandelayo le-trimester yokuqala kunye neyokuqala kweyesithathu. Ngaphambi kokuba i-genitalia yangaphandle yabamakhwenkwe namantombazana ahluke kakhulu, kukho iindlela ezichanekileyo zokuxelela isondo lomntwana ngokusekelwe kwinqanaba leengcambu zokuhlambalaza ngesini kunye nezinye izikhombisi. Yaye nangona i-ultrasounds iyinzululwazi ephilileyo, phawula ukuba kukho iimpazamo ezenziwe .
Kukho ukukhangela kwangaphambili ekuqaliseni amakhwenkwe kumantombazana nge-ultrasound phakathi kweeveki ezintandathu kunye neyeshumi usebenzisa ukufakwa kwepentecenta. Oku kwaziwa ngokuba yi- Ramzi Method kwaye nangona inayo isayensi emva kwayo, ayamkelwe njengamanje. Akunikezelwa kwiiofisi ezininzi zeengcali kwaye zibhekwa "njengezincomo" kwiindlela zendalo ukuze zichane ngesondo somntwana wakho.
DNA yamahhala yeDNA
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iimvavanyo ze-DNA ezingenayo i-cell, ezibizwa ngokuba yi- non-invasive testing before (NIPT) , ziye zachaneka ngokuchanekileyo ekuqaliseni ngesondo lomntwana ngaphandle kweengozi zeemvavanyo zangaphambi kokubeleka. Ezi mvavanyo zisebenzisa i-serum yomama, igazi likaMama, ukukhangela i-DNA ebomvu egazini.
Ezi mvavanyo, ngelixa zingenako ukulimaza ngokomzimba umntwana, zihlala zingagqitywa yi-inshurensi kwaye kufuneka zihlawulwe ngaphandle kwepokothini. Ziye zenzelwe ukuba zibe yindlela yokukhusela imiba yezofuzo kunye nokukwazi ukufumana isondo lomntwana ibhonasi eyongeziweyo kunokuba iinjongo eziphambili zezi mvavanyo.
Kukho inani le mvavanyo, njengeHarmony kunye neMerniNT21 Plus, ekhoyo. Ugqirha okanye umbelethisi wakho unokukunika ulwazi malunga nokuba yiyiphi imvavanyo enokulungele wena kunye nento oyifunayo ukukhulelwa kwakho. Kwakhona, ukuhlolwa kwe-DNA engenaselula kuhlolwa, kanti i-amniocentesis kunye neCVS ziyaxilongwa. Uvavanyo lokuhlola lubonisa ukuba unomngcipheko ophezulu wengxaki, kungekhona ukuba umntwana wakho unenkinga yemfuza.
Igama elivela kwi-Verywell
Ukufumanisa ukuba unentombazana okanye inkwenkwe yinto enomdla kakhulu yokukhulelwa, kodwa qaphela ukuba ungangena kwixhoba leendlela zezintlu zokumisela isondo sakho somntwana. Intsholongwane yenhliziyo yesinye isinye sazo, kungekho senzululwazi.
Sebenzisa iindlela ezinokuthenjwa, njenge-ultrasound, ukukunceda ukuba unqume ukuba ukulindele intombazana okanye inkwenkwana. Ugqirha okanye umbelethisi wakho unokukunceda ukuba ufumanise uluphi uvavanyo olunokukunceda uqonde ngesondo lomntwana ophetheyo kwixesha lokuqala kwimeko yesigxina, kunye nezinga eliphezulu lokuchaneka, usebenzisa uvavanyo olufanelekileyo kakhulu kuwe lwakho usana.
> Imithombo:
> Bracero LA, et al. Isantya senhliziyo yentliziyo yokuqala yesantathu njengengqondo yokulala ngesondo esanda kuzalwa. I-Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. Ngo-2016 uMar; 29 (5): 803-6. i-doi: 10.3109 / 14767058.2015.1019457. Epub 2015 Mar 10.
> Doubilet PM, uBenson CB. Inqanaba lentliziyo ye-Embryonic ekuqaleni kwe-trimester yokuqala: yeyiphi izinga eliqhelekileyo? J Ultrasound Med. 1995 Juni; 14 (6): 431-4.
> McKenna D, u-Ventolini G, i-Neiger R, i-Downing C. Iintlukwano ezinxulumene nezesini kwizinga lentliziyo ye-fetal ngexesha le-trimester yokuqala. Fetal Diagn Ther. 2006; 21 (1): 144-7.
> Umbutho weKomiti yokuThintwa kweNtsholongwane kaMama. # 36: Ukuhlolwa kokubeletha kokubeletha usebenzisa i-DNA engenaselula. I-American Journal ye-Obstetrics ne-Gynecology. 2015; 212: 711.
> Stamatopoulos N, et al. Ukubikezelwa kwengozi yokutshatyalaliswa komzimba kwabasetyhini abanikezela ngokukhulelwa okusemandleni ekuqaleni kokukhangela kokukhulelwa kokuqala. I-Aust NZJ I-Obstet Gynaecol. 2015 Oct; 55 (5): 464-72. i-doi: 10.1111 / ajo.12395. Epub 2015 Agasti 21.