Ukuqonda Ingxaki kunye neendlela zokuphucula
Abafundi abaneziphene zokufunda ekufundeni okanye kwi- dyslexia bahlala bebunzima ukuqonda isicatshulwa kwiincwadi kunye nezinye izinto zokufunda ezibhaliweyo kumazinga abo ebanga. Oku kuya kwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi. Okokuqala, loo nto ingabhalwa kwinqanaba elingaphezulu kweqondo labo lokufunda ngokuzimeleyo. Okwesibini, banokuba nolwazi olunzulu malunga nolwazi olufundwayo okanye olunolwazi olulinganiselwe kolwazi.
Oku kunokukhokelela ekudidekeni ngexesha lokufunda kwaye kwingxoxo yeklasi malunga noko kufundwayo. Okwesithathu, abanokwazi ukuba izinto zokufunda zihlelwe njani kwizinto zesakhiwo sebali, umbutho wezinto ezibhalwe kwincwadi yesifundo, okanye iimpawu zohlobo lweencwadi ezifundwayo. Okwesine, intsingiselo yezivakalisi kunye neendinyana zingalahleka njengoko umfundi elwa nomatshini wokufunda. Oku kubangela ubunzima bokukhumbula oko kwafundwa. Okwesibini, banokuba nobunzima bokugqiba ukuba yeyiphi ibalulekileyo ebalulekileyo kwiindinyana ezibhaliweyo.
Ukuphumelela ukujongana nale miba echaphazela ukuqonda kuya kufuna ukusetyenziswa kwezicwangciso ezahlukeneyo. Kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule ukuba abafundi abanokukhubazeka nokufunda kunye ne-dyslexia ngokuqhelekileyo banemiqondo engaphantsi kokukwazi ukuqonda izinto ezifundwayo okanye bathetha kubo. Oku kuthetha ukuba abafundi abanomdla banokuzuza ngamathuba okuphulaphula abafundi abanolwazi ngokufunda ngokuvakalayo okanye basebenzise itekisi ebhaliweyo, iincwadi zokulalelwayo, kunye ne-software-to-speech software.
Abafundi beBuddy bangaba yindlela efanelekileyo yokunceda abafundi abanomdla ukufikelela kumgangatho wamabanga ebakala kunye nokunciphisa impembelelo yokukhubazeka kwabo ekufundeni kwabo. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba abafundi abanomdla bangaba neentloni ngokufunda izinto ezichazwe ngokucacileyo noko kufundwa ngabanye abafundi eklasini.
Xa kunokwenzeka, unikezele ngamanqaku aphezulu, amanqanaba aphantsi okufunda apho umxholo okwinqanaba lesigaba kodwa ukufunda kusezingeni eliphantsi ngokuchasene nokusebenzisa nje izinto ezibhalwa kumfundi wezinga eliphantsi. Izinto zokufunda zezinga lokufunda ezingaphantsi zingabonwa ngokuthi "umntwana" ngumfundi onzima kunye noontanga bakhe.
Kukho izicwangciso ezininzi zokusebenzisa ukuphucula ukuqonda kokufunda kubafundi abanzima. Kukulungele ukuxoxa ngezinto ozikhathazayo malunga nokuqonda kwengane yakho kunye notitshala wakhe ukufumana iingcamango malunga nendlela yokunceda ekhaya. Ngokusebenzisa izicwangciso ezifanayo kunye nootitshala bakho abasebenzisayo, uya kuqinisekisa ukuvumelana okuza kunceda umntwana wakho. Imizekelo yezicwangciso eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswa eklasini ziquka:
- KWL (ngamanye amaxesha kuthiwa "indlela epholileyo") - Lo ngumsebenzi ofundisa abafundi ukuba bacinge ngendlela abafunda ngayo noko bakufundayo ngaphambili, ngexesha, nangemva kokufunda. Jonga imizekelo yee-charts KWL zokufunda. Ishadi le-KWL liphepha lokusebenzela elinamakholomu amathathu. Ikholam ye-K yowomfundi ukurekhoda into eyaziwayo malunga nesihloko. Ikholomu ye-W kukurekhoda oko umntwana afuna ukukwazi malunga nomxholo, kwaye i-column L yesithathu yinto efunyenwe ngumntwana ngokufunda ivesi.
- Ukuqumbuka ngumsebenzi apho umfundi ecinga malunga noko akufundileyo. Ngenkqubela, umfundi uyacelwa ukuba abone ingcamango ephambili yebhayibhile ebhaliweyo. Ukucwaninga kungenziwa ngokuthetha ngomntwana ukuba achaze ngomlomo ukuba yintoni inqaku elikulo. Kungenziwa kwakhona kwifom yomhlathi obhaliweyo okanye kumququzeleli ocacileyo. Imbakala ebaluleke kakhulu isishwankathelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana unokukwazi ukuba ngubani okanye ukuba yintoni le ndinyana malunga nayo kunye nengcamango ephambili.
- Ukufunda iincwadana kuyindlela yokuba umfundi abhale phantsi iimvakalelo zabo kunye nemibuzo malunga noko bafunda. Banganikwa ngokukhawuleza ngutitshala othi "Chaza indlela eli bali lijongene ngayo namava akho."
- Indlela ye-PQ3R yindlela efanelekileyo yokuphucula ukuqonda kunye nokukhumbula ngokufundwayo.