Ukuqonda i-Battelle Developmental Inventory yabantwana abaselula
Ukufunda nokuba umntwana unokulibaziseka kokuphuhliswa kokuqala kubalulekile ekukhuseleni ukulibaziseka ngakumbi nokunceda umntwana wakho afunde. I-Battelle Developmental Inventory isetyenziselwa njani ukuhlola abantwana abaneminyaka engama-7 nangaphantsi ukwenzela ukulibaziseka kokuphuhliswa?
Ukuvavanya iNtsapho yeNtwana kunye noThuthuli
Abantu abaninzi baqhelana nokuhlolwa okusemgangathweni kunye neemvavanyo zokuphuhliswa kwabafundi abakhulileyo besikolo kunye nabadala, kodwa sifunde ukuba ukufumanisa, kunye nokujongana nokulibaziseka kokuphuhliswa kubalulekile ngokukhawuleza xa bekhankanywa-xa umntwana esasana kunye nosana, umntwana okanye umntwana omncinci .
Ngombulelo kukho ukuvavanywa okukhethekileyo kweli qela leminyaka, elibizwa ngokuba yi-Battelle Developmental Inventory.
I-Battelle Developmental Inventory
I-Battelle Developmental Inventory luvavanyo lwabantwana kunye nabantwana abaneminyaka elixhenxe. Uvavanyo olusisigxina, oluhleliweyo olusetyenziswe ukudibanisa imithombo efana nale:
- Ukuqwalaselwa komntwana
- Udliwano-ndlebe nabazali kunye nabanonophelo
- Imbali yophuhliso epheleleyo (ukuhlaziywa kwamatye amakhulu afikelela kwixesha ngalinye kunye nangaphezulu)
- Imbali yoluntu
- Ukusebenzisana nomntwana usebenzisa izinto ezifana nemidlalo, amathoyizi, imibuzo kunye nemisebenzi
Iimvavanyo zeNtsana kunye neNtsana yokuThatyelwa kweNtuthuko
I-Battelle Developmental Inventory luhlobo olulodwa lovavanyo oluqhelekileyo olusetyenziswa ukuba lubone ukuba iintsana nabantwana badibana neentuthuko ezibalulekileyo . Izinto ezibalulekileyo ezihlolwe zibandakanya izinto ezinjengokuqala xa umntwana ehlekisayo, ehleka, kwaye wafunda indlela yokuzimela yedwa. Iziganeko eziphambili ziphuhliweyo zibe zigaba ezine eziqhelekileyo:
- Izinto ezibalulekileyo ezifana nokuhlala, ukukhwela, nokuhamba
- Izinto ezinjengeenkcukacha ezinjengeenkalo zobuso kunye nokufunda iilfabhethi
- Iinkalo zentlalo kunye neengqondo ezifana nokuqonda iimvakalelo zabo kunye neemvakalelo zabanye ngokudlala
- Unxibelelwano oluphambili olunjengokuqala kokuthetha kunye nokufunda igrama ngokudala
Ukuphononongwa kwezi ngqungquthela kuya kuncedisa ukuba umntwana ubonisa iimpawu zokuqala zokukhubazeka okanye unokufumana ukulibaziseka okukhulu . Kubalulekile ukuqonda umahluko phakathi kokulibaziseka kokuphuhliswa kunye nokukhubazeka kokufunda njengokulibaziseka kokuphuhliswa akubalulekanga ukuba umntwana uya kuba nokukhubazeka kokufunda kwikamva. Abantwana abaninzi "baphuma" kulezilibaziseko, kodwa banokukunceda kakhulu ekukukhombiseni ukuba bafune ukukhubazeka kokufunda ngaphambi kokuba babe nomthelela omkhulu kumntwana.
Uvavanyo lokuPhuhliswa kwabantwana
I-Battelle ingasetyenziselwa ukuhlola uphuhliso lolutsha ngokuqwalasela ukusebenzisana phakathi komhloli kunye nomntwana okanye umzali kunye nomntwana. Abahloli bajonga iimpendulo zomntwana kwaye bahlawula ngokubhekiselele kwiinkqubo ezichanekileyo. Ingcebiso yomzali kunye nomncedisi yingxenye ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokuhlola ukukhubazeka ekufundeni ukuqokelela ulwazi ngembali yomntwana kunye nokusebenzisana nophuhliso oluqhutyelwa ngaphaya kweseshoni yokuvavanya.
Ukuvavanya kwaBantwana kunye noVavanyo loPhuhliso lweMfundo
Xa i-Battelle isetyenziselwa ukuvavanya umncinci ngokuphuhliswa kwesikolweni, imisebenzi eninzi yokuhlola ibandakanya umhloli osebenzisana nomntwana esebenzisa amathoyizi, imidlalo kunye nemisebenzi.
Abahloli bajonga ukukwazi komntwana ukulandela imiyalelo, ukusebenzisana nabanye, nokwenza imisebenzi. Ulwazi lomzali lisetyenziselwa ukuvavanya indawo ezingenakubonwa ngexesha leseshoni yokuvavanya. Njengoko abantwana benza imisebenzi baze baphendule ummangali weemviwo, ukusebenza kwabo kulandelwe ngokusekelwe kwimiqathango echanekileyo.
Uphuhliso lwabantwana kunye nabantwana abaselula
I-Battelle ihlola izikhundla ezinhlanu zokuphuhliswa kwasebuntwaneni. Ezi ziquka:
- Ukuziphatha okutshintshisayo - Iziphathamandla zokuziphatha zizo ezo, njengabantu abadala, eziyimfuneko zokusebenza ngokuzimeleyo kuluntu. Ngokuqinisekileyo, iintsana kunye nabantwana abancinci akudingeki ukuba balinganise i-akhawunti yokukhangela, kodwa izakhono eziguquguqukayo ezifanelekileyo zeminyaka zihlolwe ngokunyanisekileyo. Ezi zibandakanya izakhono ezifana nokugqoka, ukukwazi ukwenza abahlobo, kunye nokulandela imithetho eyimfuneko yokuphepha ingozi (njengokubamba isandla somdala xa uwela esitratweni esityebileyo.)
- Izakhono zomntu kunye nezentlalo - Izakhono zentlalo, ezaziwa kakhulu ngendima yazo kwiingxaki ze-autism, zihlukile kunezakhono zonxibelelwano zolwimi olucacileyo nolwamkelekileyo oludweliswe ngezantsi.
- Iimoto - Uvavanyo lokuphuhlisa imoto luquka ukuvavanywa kwezakhono zombini kunye nezakhono ezifanelekileyo zezithuthi .
- Unxibelelwano - Uvavanyo lokunxibelelana luquka ukuvandlakanywa kolwimi olucacileyo (ulwimi oluthethiweyo kulwimi lokudala) kunye nolwimi olwamkelekileyo (ukuqonda ulwimi oluthethiweyo.)
- Izakhono zobunokhenketho - Izakhono zokuqonda zikwazi ukuba umntu azuze intsingiselo nolwazi kumava kunye nolwazi. Ngokomzekelo, nantsi umzekelo wezakhono zokuqonda kwengqondo umntwana wakho adinga phambi kweso sontanga .
Iziphumo zovavanyo zingasetyenziselwa ukuchonga ukuba kukho ukulibaziseka, kunye nokuba luleke kangakanani ukulibaziseka xa kuthelekiswa nabanye kubantwana beminyaka yobudala. Funda kabanzi malunga nenkqubo yokuhlola ukukhubazeka.
Imithombo:
Ghassabian, A., Sundaram, R., Bell, E., uBello, S., Kus, C., no-E. Yeung. Iimpahla eziPhambili zeMoto kunye noPhuhliso oluPhezulu. Pediatrics . 2016. 138 (1): i-pii: e20154372.
Rubio-Codina, M., Araujo, M., Attanasio, O., Munoz, P., no-Grant Grant-McGregor. Ukuqinisekiswa ngokufanayo kunye nokufumaneka kovavanyo olufutshane. PLoS One . 2016. 11 (8): e0160962.