Iintlobo, ukhuseleko kunye neNcomelo
Umkhuhlane, okanye umkhuhlane, unentsholongwane yentsholongwane engabangela ukugula kakhulu okanye ukufa. Umkhuhlane unobungozi kakhulu kubantu abadala (ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-65) kunye nabantwana abaselula (ngaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu). Le ntsholongwane iyasasazeka, kwaye isasazeka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya kwelinye ngamaconsi angena emoyeni nakwiindawo ezithintelayo. Ukuthintela ukusasazeka kwentsholongwane, zama ukuphepha abantu abakhwehlelayo kunye nokukrazula, kwaye uhlamba izandla rhoqo.
Isifo seNtsholongwane
Isifo sokugonya umkhuhlane singumjovo (ukutshulwa) okanye ukuphalaza kwe-nasal oku kunokukunceda ukuba ugweme ukufumana umkhuhlane. Umkhuhlane wegciwane unokunceda ukunqanda ukusasazeka komkhuhlane kwindawo yakho. Ekubeni iindidi zeentsholongwane zentsholongwane ziyakushintsha unyaka ngamnye, ukugonya umkhuhlane kungaphinda utshintshe unyaka nonyaka ukulwa nale nguqulelo. Ngoko ke, kucetyiswa ukuba ufumane isifo sokugonya somkhuhlane ngamnye ngonyaka. Kukho ezimbini iintlobo zokugonya kweentsholongwane:
- Umkhuhlane usuhlobo lweentsholongwane ezingasebenzi (ezingapheliyo). Inikwe injoza (inaliti). Amagama eBrithani wesibhamu esiphezulu sibandakanya iFluzone, iFluLaval, iFlucelvax, iFluvirin, i-Afluria ne-Fluarix.
- I-spray spray iyinqobo ephilayo, ephawulwe (inobuthakathaka) yentsholongwane yesifo somkhuhlane esinikezwa nge-intranasally (ngeempumlo yakho). I-spray spray iyaziwa nangokuthi yi-FluMist.
Ekubeni isitofu sokuchithwa kwesisu sisifo segciwane eliphilayo, asikwazi kunikwa wonke umntu. I-FluMist yamanzi ayinakunikezwa abo ba:
- Ngaphantsi kweminyaka emibini.
- Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-50.
- Ukhulelwe.
- I-immune system (eguthathaka).
- Zinezinye iimeko zonyango ezinokuzibeka emngciphekweni ophezulu wokuba neengxaki ezinzulu ezivela kumkhuhlane.
Kunoko, xela ugqirha uze ukhethe ukutshatyalaliswa komkhuhlane.
Khu seleko
EUnited States, amaziko okuLawula nokuLawulwa kwezifo (CDC) kunye ne-American Academy ye-Pediatrics (AAP) bancomela ukutshulwa komkhuhlane wonk 'umntu wonke ngaphezu kweenyanga ezintandathu. Le ngcebiso iquka abafazi abakhulelweyo nabasetyhini abancancisayo .
Umgudu wokugonya umkhuhlane uthathwa njengokhuseleko olukhuselekileyo lokugonywa ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunye nokuncelisa. Ukuba umntwana wakho uneminyaka engama-6 ubudala okanye ngaphezulu, udokotela wezingane unokuncoma ukuba bagonywe malunga nomkhuhlane, ngokunjalo.
Ukuba umntwana wakho uneminyaka engaphantsi kweenyanga ezithandathu ubudala, akufanele abe nomgudu wokugonywa ngenxa yokuba awuvunyelwe iintsana ezingaphantsi kweenyanga ezintandathu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufumana umkhuhlane udutshulwa ngexesha ukhulelwe okanye emva kokuba umntwana wakho azalwe, kuya kusasaza umntwana wakho omtsha okanye umntwana omncinci. Ubisi lwakho lwebele luzele izikhuselo ezikhuselekileyo kunye nezibonelelo zokukhusela umzimba . Ezi zakhiwo ezikhusela zidlula ubisi lwakho lwebele kunye nomntwana wakho ukumnceda ukulwa nokugula nezifo.
Kukho imibono eyahlukileyo malunga nokukhuselwa komzimba, kodwa ubuthathaka, ukukhusela umkhuhlane kwi-spray spray. Nangona abafazi abakhulelweyo bengayifumani i-vacal vacray vaccination, i-CDC ithi ikhuselekile kubancinci abasetyhini abaneminyaka engama-50.
Nangona kunjalo, ulwazi olunikeziwe kwiphakheji yefluMist ye-spray vacray vacu ithi akukho ulwazi olwaneleyo lokukwazi ukukhusela okukhuselekileyo ekukhuseleni ukugonya. Kwakhona kuthiwa awaziwa ukuba uninzi lwegciwane eliphilayo kwindawo yokugonya, ukuba kukho nayiphi na, iya kudlula ubisi lwebele.
Nangona ingozi eyona nto incinci, kukho nezinye iindawo ezingabalulekanga ukuba umkhuhlane uphuze umfazi wesondlo. Ngoko, xa lixesha lokwenza isigqibo sakho, qiniseka ukuba uxoxe ngeenzuzo kunye neengxaki zolu hlobo lwegciwane lokugonya nodokotela wakho.
Ukufumana i-Vaccinated
Isigqibo sokuba ingaba ugonyelwe umkhuhlane okanye awuyi kugonywa ekugqibeleni. Umkhuhlane usuphephile. Kodwa akuyiyo into yokugonywa efunekayo, kwaye ayikukhuseli kuzo zonke iintlobo zesifo sengculazi. Nangona ufumana isifo sokugonya umkhuhlane, usenokuhlaselwa ngumkhuhlane.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukutshulwa komkhuhlane kunokukunceda ukukhusela wena, intsapho yakho kunye noluntu lwasekuhlaleni.
Ukuba unexesha elinzima ukwenza isigqibo, kwaye awuqinisekanga ukuba kufuneka wenze ntoni, qwalasela iimeko zakho uze uxubushe nodokotela wakho kunye nodokotela wengane yakho.
Imithombo:
I-American Academy yePediatrics Komiti yezifo ezithathelwanayo. Ingxelo yePolisi. Iingcebiso zokuthintela nokuLawula i-Influenza Kwabantwana. Zonyango; Vol. 136 No. 4 Oktobha 1, 2015: 792 -808
Amaziko okuLawula izifo kunye nokukhusela. I-Influenza (i-Flu). ISebe lezeMpilo laseMelika kunye neeNkonzo zoLuntu. 2015.
FluMist Quadrivalent Intranasal Spray. Iphakheji Faka. MedImmune: Gaithersburg, MD; 2015.
Hale, uThomas W., kunye noRowe, uHilary E. Imithi kunye noMama kaMama: Umqulu we-Acactational Pharmacology. Ukushicilelwa kweHale. 2014.
Riordan, J., kunye neWambach, K. Ukuncelisa kunye nokuLungiswa koLuntu lweNguqulelo yesine. UJones noBartlett Learning. 2014.