Izinto EziMathandathu Unokuzenza Njengomzali Oxhalabileyo
Nangona abazali abaninzi becinga ukuba ukuxhatshazwa kuyinkathazo egcinwe kwisikolo esiphakathi okanye esikolweni esiphakamileyo, ingaqala ekuqaleni kweso sifana kunye nokukhula ngokucacileyo kwinkcubeko yesikolo ngeliqela lesibini okanye lesithathu.
Ukuba ungumzali ojongene nokuxhatshazwa, kufuneka ubeke isimo esiqinileyo ukwenzela ukuba ukuziphatha kumiswe ngaphambi kokuba kube yinto ebalulekileyo yobomi besikolo somntwana.
Ukuchaza ukuxhaphaza
Inkcazo ilula: ukuxhatshazwa yiyiphi indlela enobudlova eyenzelwe ukwesatshiswa okanye ukuhlwaywa. Ingaba yimizimba, njengokususa okanye ukushaya, okanye ukuthetha, njengokubiza igama okanye ukusasaza inkohliso. Kubantwana abancinci, ukuxhatshazwa kungaphinda kubandakanye ukungabikho, mhlawumbi ngokubongoza abanye ukuba baxoshe umntu okanye ngokwenza ii-clique apho abanye bengabandakanywa ngokucacileyo.
Nangona i- cyberbullying ingaba yincinci kubantwana abasebancinci besikolo, iimpawu ezifanayo ezilawula ukuxhatshazwa kwe-intanethi zidlalwa ebomini boqobo.
Iimanani ziyaxhalabisa. Ngokomphando opapashwe kwiphephancwadi le-BMC yezeMpilo, amaninzi engama-13 ekhulwini abantwana abasesikolweni kunye nabasesekondari baxhatshazwayo, ngelixa i-11 ekhulwini ivuma ukuba yi-bully. Iipesenti ezine ezongezelelweyo zinokuchazwa njengezilwanyana ezixhatshazwayo, abaninzi babo baya kuba ngabaxhatshazi kwimpilo kamva njengendlela ephosakeleyo yokuzikhusela.
Isizathu sokuba abantwana baxhaphaze
Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo ezijoliswe ngabaxhatshazwayo ngabantu abanokukhubazeka, abanokugqithiseleyo, okanye abangenakuqonda emsebenzini wesikolo okanye abahlobo. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukulawulwa kwezenhlalakahle, umxhaphazi uya kufuneka athathwe ngaphezu kwegama elingavumelekanga ukujolisa umntwana ngokuxhatshazwa, ngokusoloko ephantsi kokukrakra.
Abanye abantwana, okwangoku, baya kuthatha inxaxheba, nokuba banqwenela ukwamukelwa kwezenhlalakahle okanye ukwesaba ukuxoshwa ngokwabo.
Ekugqibeleni, abantwana baya kuhlasela izinto ezifanayo abantu abadala abadala abazenzayo, oko kukuziphatha, iinkolelo, okanye iimpawu ezibonakalayo kwaye zicelomngeni umyalelo wentlalo apho umntu akholelwa ukuba inxalenye.
Ukwesaba okungaqhelekanga ngamanye amaxesha kunokubangela abantwana ukuba babonise ukuziphatha okugwenxa ukufihla ukungaqiniseki kwabo abayiqondiyo. Ukuziphatha okunjalo kunokuqiniswa ngabazali abonakalisa ukukhazamiseka okufanayo okanye ukusebenzisa ulwaphulo njengendlela yokujongana neengxabano.
Oko Abazali Bangakwenza
Esikhundleni sokugxotha ukuxhatshazwa kwabafundi ngokuthi "isigaba" ekugqibeleni abantwana baya kuphuma, abazali banethuba elikhethekileyo lokuguqula ezi ziphatha ngokuncedisa abantwana abaselula ukuba banqobe ukwesaba, uxinzelelo kunye nokungaqiniseki okubabeka engozini.
Kukho izinto ezintandathu ongayenza ukuze uncede:
- Hlala uqhagamshelana nomntwana wakho. Ukuba uyazi ngokuphathelele umntwana ofunda naye kunye nabo esikolweni, ubuninzi bokuba uya kubona ukuba kukho utshintsho lokuziphatha komntwana okanye ukusebenzisana. Oku kubandakanya kokubili umntwana oxhatshazwayo kunye nomntwana ohlukumezayo. Yenza iphuzu lokuxoxa ngeziganeko zemihla ngemihla, kwaye ingqalelo ingqalelo kuphela into ethethwa ngumntwana kodwa into engayiphepha ngayo kwingxoxo.
- Khangela iimpawu zokulumkisa. Ukuba umntwana uyisisulu sokuxhatshazwa , isibonakaliso sokuqala sesilumkiso siyakuthi sitshintshe ukuziphatha. Oku kungabandakanya ukuhoxiswa, ukubonisa ubundlobongela ngokukhawuleza okanye umsindo, ukungahambi kakuhle, okanye ukungafuni ukuya esikolweni. Ukuba umntwana wakho ungumxhaphazi, izikhombisi ziza kuba nzima ukuzithatha, kodwa akuqhelekanga ukuva ukuxhatshazwayo kukuphazamisa kunye nokuziqhayisa ngabanye, ngokungaqhelekanga ngokungaziqondi kakuhle indlela ukuziphatha ngayo.
- Chaza ukuba yintoni ukuxhatshazwa . Abantwana abancinci baqonda ukuba ukubetha okanye ukunyanzela omnye umntwana akuphosakeleyo. Nokuba ukukrokra into into abayifumanayo iyingozi. Kodwa abantwana bangabonakala besaziqhelanisekanga kwaye bezingekho mbono kwiindlela zabo zokuziphatha. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, banokugxeka ukukloloda nje ngokuba "bebambezela" kwaye, ngenye indlela, bahluleka ukuqonda indlela ezinye izinto ezinokulimaza ezifana nokukhutshwa kungenziwa. Nceda umntwana wakho aqonde ukuxhaphazwa kuzo zonke iifom, zombini ngokuthe ngqo kwaye efihlakeleyo .
- Fundisa uvelwano lomntwana. Abantwana abancinci banalo talente ekhethekileyo yokwenza uxhumano. Ngokungafani nabantu abadala, abanokwazi ukuhamba ngxabano kwaye baqikelele ukuziphatha kakubi, abantwana abathandathu, abathandathu, okanye abasixhenxe babone isenzo kunye nesiphumo ngendlela ecacileyo. Ukuba umntwana wakho ungumxhaphazi, cela ukuba uya kuziva njani ukuba isanti ikhona kwenye inyawo. Ukuba umntwana wakho uxhatshazwa, bancede baqonde ukuba kutheni abanye abantwana behlukumezeka bangakwazi "ukuwathabatha kwi-hook" kwaye baqinisekise ukuba abayinto engaqhelekanga okanye abanamanga.
- Tshela umntwana ukuba wenzeni ukuba ubone ubungqina. Ngokuqhelekileyo abantwana abanakufuna ukubandakanyeka ukuba omnye umntu uxhatshazwa ngenxa yokwesaba ukutshutshiswa. Bafundise ukuba bangenzi njani into efanayo nokuvuma ukuziphatha. Umntwana kufuneka aqonde ukuba ukuxela inkunzi "ayixhasi" kodwa yindlela nje yokumisa abanye ukuba bangalimazi. Yenza umntwana wakho azi ukuba kufuneka axelele nayiphi indlela yokuziphatha kuwe okanye utitshala ukuze umntu angenelele.
- Khokela ngomzekelo. Abazali abaninzi abawuthabathi ngokunyanisekileyo kwaye bayakugxotha ezinye iindlela zokuziphatha njengokuba "kungekho okubi" njengabanye. Ungazivumeli ukuba uhanjiswe ezi ngxabano. Ukuba iimpawu ezinjalo zihoywa, abantwana abancinci baya kukholelwa ukuba banikezwe imvume yokunyelisa. Nokuba nezinto ezifana nokukhutshwa zingenziwa ngutitshala ngokuphulaphula amaqela, abantwana abadibanisa abangabandakanyekanga kunye neeprojekthi zesikolo kunye nokuhlala behlala kwigumbi lokufundela.
Njengomzali, ungamkeli ukuba akukho nto enokuyenza. Ithuba elikhulu lokutshintsha alikho esikolweni esiphakamileyo xa kusetshenziselwa i-dynamics yentlalo; kusezikolweni zontanga kunye nezikolo zokuqala xa iziphathamandla kunye nobuntu buqhubeka.
Ukuba ngaba izikolo zesikolo zihluleka ukwenza, zivakalise ukukhathazeka ngezwi lakho kumbutho wabazali-titshala okanye ufake isikhalazo esisesikweni kwibhodi yesikolo. Faka inkcazo ecacileyo yeziganeko zokuxhatshazwa kunye nayiphi na enye ingcaciso enokuxhasa izibango zakho. Ekugqibeleni, indlela osebenza ngayo inokumisela ukuba umntwana uvumelekile ukuba ahlupheke.
> Umthombo:
> Jansen, P .; Verlinden, M .; UDommisse van-Berkel, A. et al. "Ukuxhaphaza nokuxhatshazwa phakathi kwabantwana ekuqaleni kwesikolo sokuqala: Ingaba intsapho kunye nesimo semimandla yoluntu kwimeko?" ISchool School School. 2012; 12: 494. INGXELO: 10.1186 / 1471-2458-12-494.