Abazali bahlala bexhalaba malunga nokuba umntwana wabo uya kuhlutywa esikolweni, kwintsimi yezemidlalo okanye kwindawo yokuhlala. Nangona naliphi na umfundi onokuba yintlongo yokuxhatshazwa, kukho abantwana abathile abanokuthi bahlangabezane neengxaki. Ukuba unenkxalabo yokuba i-tween yakho isengozini yokuxhatshazwa kufuneka ukwazi ukuba yintoni eyenza umntwana eme ukuba athethe oontanga kunye noxhatshazo.
Nazi iziganeko ezibalulekileyo ezenza omnye umntu abe yintlonelo yokuxhatshazwa kunye nezinye iindlela zokuziphatha.
Ubuntu obukhuselekileyo
Abantwana abenza ukuzithoba kunye nexhala banokuxhatshazwa kakhulu kunabantwana abangenalo ukutyekela. Abantwana abaxhatshazwayo bathambekele ekungakhuselekanga nokukhala rhoqo, nangaphambi kokuqala ukuxhatshazwa. Enyanisweni, abanye abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba ukungabikho kwengqondo kunye nokukhuseleka kwengane kunokusebenza njengento yokuxhaphaza ukuba umntwana "lixhoba elipheleleyo". Kukho ubungqina bokuba abantwana abanokuxinezeleka kunye neempawu zomzimba zoxinzelelo (ezinjengeentloko okanye i-stomachaches) banokuthi bangakhuselwa. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kuba ezi ngxaki zibonakala zibangelwa okanye zibuhlungu kakhulu ngokuxhatshazwa.
Ukwamukelwa kweNtsapho ePhantsi
Mhlawumbi uye wambona ukuhamba okanye ezimbini ezibonisa ixhoba lidla yedwa kwitheyibhile lesidlo sasemini, okanye kungekho nabangane abambalwa.
Amaxhoba enkqonkqo badla ukuba nabahlobo abancinci kunabantwana abangabandezeli. Ukongezelela, ixhoba lokuxhatshazwa lidla ngokubonwa kakubi ngabaontanga kwaye liye lafumana ukuchaswa koontanga okanye ihlala ingekho kwiimeko zoluntu. Aba bantwana baninzi bafunyanwa bodwa bodwa ekuphumeni nasekuseni.
Le mpendulo yontanga engalunganga ibonakala ixesha elide ngaphambi kokuba ukuxhatshazwa kuqala.
"Eyahlukileyo" ngenye indlela
Ngelishwa, abantwana abaneemfuno ezizodwa abaxhomekekanga kwixhoba lokuxhatshazwa. Ngokomzekelo, abantwana abaneengxaki zokufunda bavame ukuxela ukuba baxhatshazwa ngenxa yesifo sabo. Abantwana abanemibandela ebonakalayo yomzimba okanye yengqondo banokujongana nokusetyenziswa kakubi kumanqanaba aphezulu kunontanga yabo, njengokuba banokuthi bangqingili okanye baqabane. Kwaye nabantwana abaye baphumelele ukuba bahlakaniphile, abavela kwimvelaphi eyahlukileyo, okanye abatsha esikolweni banokwenziwa ngabaxhatshazwayo.
Ezinzileyo
Ukuba ubuthathaka ngokwemvelo kunokuba oontanga nabo babonakala bebeka umntwana engozini enkulu yokuxhatshazwa . Oku kubonakala ngathi yimeko yezingane ezibukeka zibuthathaka xa ziqala; ngamanye amagama, abantwana abancinci, abatyebileyo okanye abangaphantsi kwesicathulo kunontanga. Abantwana abafikelela ebusheni ngokukhawuleza kunokuba babo baontanga banokuzifumana besengozini yokuthetha ukuziphatha, njengokuba abantwana banokuthi bahluleke kwimidlalo.
Abazali abangabalulekanga
Mhlawumbi ngenxa yokuba umntwana wabo ubonakalisa ezininzi iimpawu ezidweliswe apha, abazali baxhatshazwayo baxhaphaza umntwana wabo. Aba bazali bavame ukuphepha ukungavumelani okuvulekileyo kunye nomntwana wabo kwaye bazame ukudala umgangatho wokubambisana ekhaya kwindleko.
Ngelishwa, oku kwenza umntwana angakwazi ukujongana neengxabano kwaye mhlawumbi ahlukunyezwe ngabaontanga. Ukongezelela, abazali bamaxhoba bavame ukubandakanyeka kuluntu kunye nomntwana ukuba benze ukutshatyalaliswa koontanga. Kwakhona, oku kwenza kuphela ukuba iingxaki zabantwana zibhetele ngakumbi kunokuba zibhetele.
Umthombo:
Hixon, uSheri. Iinkqubo zengqondo ezinxulumene nokuxhatshazwa nokuxhatshazwa. 2009. I-Psychologist ye-Humanistic. 37: 257-270.
Reijntes, uAlbert, Kamphuis, Jan H., Prinzie, Peter, kunye noTelch, uMichael J. Peer ukuxhatshazwa nokugxininisa iingxaki kubantwana: Uhlalutyo lwe-meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Ngo-2010. Ukuxhaphazwa kwabantwana kunye nokunganakwa. 34: 244-252.
USmokowski, uPaul R., noKopasz, uKelly Holland. Ukuxhatshazwa esikolweni: Ukujonga ngokubanzi iintlobo, iziphumo, iimpawu zentsapho, kunye neendlela zokungenelela. 2005. Abantwana neZikolo. 27,2: 101-110.