Abazali abaninzi banenkxalabo yokuba iintshaba zabo zingaphathi iintlanganiso ezibalulekileyo zophuhliso ngexesha. Khumbula ukuba iitshati zephambili zentuthuko zikhokelo eziqhelekileyo ezinika abazali ingcamango malunga nokuba abantwana babo baya kufunda ntoni izakhono ezintsha. Kukho uluhlu oluninzi lwabantwana apho abantwana baya kuhlangabezanisa khona amatsha amatsha, nokuba ngaba bazalwa ngokukhawuleza okanye ngexesha.
Ukuba i-preemie yakho ingumntwana ophilileyo ophethe i-NICU ehamba phambili kwaye akukho miphumo emide yesikhathi eside yokungcoliswa kwangaphambili, kufuneka afunde ukuhlala ngokubhekiselele kwimimiselo ephambili yokuphuhlisa iminyaka yakhe yokulungisa:
- Ngama-6 ukuya kwe-9 inyanga: Ngexesha elide iintshaba zifikelela kwiinyanga ezili-9 zilungise iminyaka, zimele zikwazi ukuhlala ngaphandle kokuxhaswa yimithwalo okanye umzali.
- Ngeenyanga ezili-10 ukuya kwezi-12: Iinyanga ezili-12 zilungise iminyaka yobudala, iintshaba kufuneka zikwazi ukudlala ngetekisi kunye nezandla zombini ngelixa zihleli ngaphandle kwenkxaso.
Khumbula ukusebenzisa iminyaka echanekileyo xa uthelekisa iintshaba kunye neyetshati yokuphuhlisa. Ukuguga ubudala ngumntwana wakho ukuba umntwana uya kuzalwa xa ezalwa ngexesha. Ukuba umntwana wakho uneminyaka engama-8 ubudala kodwa wazalwa ezinyangeni ezimbini kwangaphambili, ubudala bakhe obuchanekileyo buya kuba ziinyanga ezi-6 ubudala.
Kutheni Kuthiwa Abanye Iimfundiso Zihlala Kwixesha Elinye Kunabanye?
Nangona ezininzi iinjongo ziya kufunda ukuhlala ngexesha eliqhelekileyo, iintshaba zithatha ukuhlangabezana neziganeko zentuthuko emva kwexesha elizeleyo, nangona emva kokulungiswa kwexesha elilungisiweyo.
I-preemie yesilinganiso iya kufunda ukuhlala kwii-7.4 iinyanga ezilungise iminyaka, ngelixa abantwana bexesha befunda ukuhlala malunga neenyanga ezi-7.2.
Iintsana eziza kutshatyalaliswa kakhulu okanye ezineengxaki ezininzi zempilo zivame ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho ebalulekileyo, kuquka nokufunda ukuhlala, emva kwezinye iintsana.
I-preemie yakho inokufunda ukuhlala kamva, nangemva kokulungisa ukudala, xa yena:
- Wazalelwa ngaphambi kweveki ezingama- 27
- Ukulinganisa ngaphantsi kwe-750 amagremu ekuzalweni
- Abahluphekileyo be-bronchopulmonary dysplasia okanye isifo esingapheliyo sesiphunga
- Uhlala esibhedlele rhoqo
- Sisadinga inkxaso enzulu yezokwelapha (izilwanyana zokunceda, ukuphefumula, njl njl)
Xa Abazali Kufanele Bakhathazeke
Nangona iinjongo zingase zifunde ukuhlala emva kancinane kunontanga yabo epheleleyo, iinjongo ezininzi (malunga ne-90%) ziya kufunda ukuhlala ngeenyanga ezili-9 zilungise iminyaka. Ukuba umntwana wakho akahlali kwiinyanga ezili-9 okanye engasebenzisi zombini izandla ukudlala ngelixa uhleli ngeenyanga ezili-12 ulungelelanise iminyaka yobudala, khuluma nomntwana wakho.
Yintoni Abazali Bangayenza Ukuze Bancede?
Ulwalamano olusondeleyo kunye nezingane zakho lunokukunceda uqinisekise ukuba i-preemie yakho ikhula. Oogqirha bezilwanyana abazi izigulane zabo kunye neentsapho zabo banokukunceda ukuba bathethe isigqibo sokuba ngaba umntwana osondeleyo kwiintlanganiso ezinokukhawuleza ebonisa iziphumo eziqhelekileyo zokungcoliseka komzimba okanye unokubonakalisa ukulibaziseka kokuphuhliswa. Baya kuba nako ukuncomela izigulane, ezifana nokunyangwa komsebenzi okanye okwenyama, oku kunokunceda iintshaba zifikelele kwiontanga zabo.
Kwakhona, ukuba umntwana wakho wazalwa ngokukhawuleza, cela ngokukhawuleza ukuba unako ukuba umntwana wakho unelungelo lokungenelela kwangethuba . Ukungenelela kwangethuba liqela leenkqubo eziza kubancedisa abantwana kunye nabantwana abasemngciphekweni wokulibaziseka ukuphuhliswa.
Ezinye iintsana ziya kufumana ukungenelela kwangethuba ukususela ngelixa bephuma kwi-NICU.
Ukufumana uncedo ngokukhawuleza kunokunciphisa imiphumo emide yesikhathi eside .
Imithombo:
Bucher, H., Killer, C., Ochsner, S., Fauchere, J. "Ukukhula, Izinto eziphambili zoPhuhliso kunye neengxaki zezeMpilo kwiminyaka emi-2 yokuqala kwiintsana ezisengaphambili. I-European Journal ye-Pediatrics 2002: 161, 151-156.
ISikole saseMyunivesithi yeEyory University. "Izinto eziPhambili zoPhuhliso." http://www.pediatrics.emory.edu/divisions/neonatology/dpc/mileston.html.
MA Marin Gabriel, et al. "Iminyaka yokuhlala engaxhaswa kunye nokuhamba ngokuzimeleyo ngobunzima bokuzalwa obuphantsi kakhulu kwiintsana zokuqala eziPhuculo lweeMoto eziqhelekileyo kwiminyaka emi-2." I-Acta Paediatrica 2009: 98, 1815-1821.