Abantwana kunye neFlu
Iingcomo zakutshanje ezivela kwi-CDC kukuba wonke umntu oneminyaka engama-6 ubudala ubudala ufumana ukugonya umkhuhlane ngamnye ngonyaka.
Umgudu wokugonya umkhuhlane wonyaka ngenye indlela efanelekileyo yokunceda ukuphepha ukugula ngentsholongwane.
Sekunjalo, abaninzi abantu abaqhelekanga ukugonya umkhuhlane.
Nangona abanye abantu bethetha ukuba "abayakholelwa" ekufumaneni umgomo wokugonywa ngumkhuhlane okanye ukwesaba malunga neengcambu zokugonya umkhuhlane, abanye banenkxalabo malunga nemiphumo yempembelelo yokugonya umkhuhlane , kwaye abanye bacinga ukuba asebenze.
Izizathu Ezintathu Ezinkulu Zokufumana Uluhlu Lwemvula
Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokufumana umgudu wokugonya umkhuhlane ngamnye ngonyaka.
Izizathu ezintathu ezilula ukufumana abantwana bakho igonywe kukuba:
- kuya kubanceda bahlale befumana umkhuhlane
- kuya kunceda ukugcina intsapho yakho ingakwazi ukufumana umkhuhlane
- kuya kunceda ukuba wonke umntu angangeni kumkhuhlane
Njani? Ukuba abantwana bakho abafumana umkhuhlane, abayi kuzisa ekhaya baze basasaze kwabanye. Oku kufana nesiphumo sokugonywa kwesilwanyana esibonayo kunye nezinye izitofu.
Ewe, kukho ezininzi izizathu ezilungileyo.
Ukuba ugweme ukusongela ubomi, isifo esinokukhusela isitofu asiyiyo isizathu esilungileyo, njani malunga nokuphepha umyalelo weTamiflu ngenxa yokuba awuzange ugule ngumkhuhlane?
Okanye ukuphepha iintsuku eziphosakeleyo emsebenzini kunye nesikolo?
Kwaze kube ngoku kulo nyaka, i-CDC ibika ukuba "uhlalutyo lwama-laboratory we-virus ye-influenza kuze kube yimini lubonisa ukuba uninzi lweentsholongwane ezijikelezayo emhlabeni jikelele kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo zifana neentsholongwane zokugonya zika-2015-16," ngokungafani nonyaka odlulileyo, kufuneka sibe isitofu sokugonya umkhuhlane osebenza kakuhle.
Ngaba i-Vaccines Vaccines Work?
Ukuba ufumana isifo sokugonya umkhuhlane kwaye usagula, ngaba oko kuthetha ukuba ukugonywa komkhuhlane wakho akusebenzi?
Akunjalongo noko.
Ukugonya umkhuhlane kukukhusela kuphela umkhuhlane. Ngelishwa, kukho ezinye izinto ezininzi ezinokukugula ngexesha lokubanda kunye nexesha lomkhuhlane. Umgudu wakho wokugonya umkhuhlane awuyi kukukhusela ekubanda, kubandezeleke, isifo se-sinus, i-bronchitis, okanye iintlobo zentsholongwane ezingekho kwisitofu.
Umgudu wokugonya umkhuhlane uza kwenza umsebenzi omhle wokukhusela kwiintlobo zentsholongwane ezijikelezayo ngexesha lexesha lomkhuhlane.
Izikhuhlane ze-Flu Ziyenze Ngokwenene Ukusebenza
Ukususela kwixesha lomkhuhlane we-2004-05, uqikelelo lwe-vaccine lusebenza kakuhle ukusuka kwi-10% ukuya kuma-60%.
Ukuphumelela komgudu wokugonya umkhuhlane kuye kwaba malunga no-41%. Xa kukho umdlalo omhle phakathi kweentsholongwane zentsholongwane, njengokuba kukho iminyaka emininzi, ukugonya umkhuhlane ku malunga ne-50 ukuya ku-60% esebenzayo.
Xa kunomdlalo ompofu, ukunyuka komkhuhlane ojikelezayo nje akuzange kuthatyathwe ukuba ube ngumgudu wokugonya umkhuhlane, kwaye ukugonya kungasebenzi kakuhle. Umgomo wokugonya umkhuhlane ungaphinda usebenze kangangoko xa kukho umkhuhlane okhukhulayo ojikelezayo-kungumgudu wokugonya umkhuhlane, kodwa utshintshe ngokwaneleyo ukususela kumkhuhlane wokugonya umkhuhlane ukwenzela ukuba ugonyamelo lomkhuhlane lungasebenzi.
Kwiinkoliso ezininzi, kwaye njengoko kuchaziwe yi-CDC, ukusebenza komgudu wokugonya umkhuhlane kungumlinganiselo wamathuba akho okubamba umkhuhlane emva kokufumana igciwane lokugonya umkhuhlane.
Bavavanya njani ukuba ii-vaccini zentsholongwane zisebenza?
Ngokuqhelekileyo, abaphandi bavavanya abantu abangena kwisifo sokuphefumula ngethuba lentsholongwane, benze uvavanyo lomkhuhlane, kwaye baqhathanise amazinga okugonya phakathi kwabo bavavanya kakuhle kwaye bangenabungozi ngenxa yomkhuhlane.
Iimpawu zokugonya umkhuhlane zisebenza njani kulo nyaka?
Abantu abaninzi baya kuvuyisa ukwazi ukuba umgudu wokugonya umkhuhlane usebenza kakuhle kwaye ubuncinane ubuncinane be-60%.
IiNtsholongwane zeNtsholongwane
Ukufumana isitofu sokugonya umkhuhlane kunamanye amancedo amaninzi awunakulinganiswa yizo zifundo ezilula, nangona kunjalo, ezinokukunceda ukuba uqonde ukuba kutheni ukunyanga umkhuhlane wentsholongwane yentsapho yakho kubaluleke kakhulu, ngakumbi xa ucinga ukuba ukuphendulwa kwezifo zentsholongwane ngokuqhelekileyo kubumnene.
Ngexesha le-2013-14 lomkhuhlane, apho kuphela isigxina sabantu abagonywe kwaye ukugonya umkhuhlane wawungama-51% osebenzayo, i-CDC ilinganisela ukuba ukufumana igciwane lokugonya umkhuhlane "kuye kwabangela ukuba izigidi ezingama-7.2 ezikhunjulwayo zikhuhlane, izibhedlele ezingama-90,000 ezimbalwa , kwaye izigidi ezingama-3.1 zaza zafika kwiimeko ezininzi kunokuba zikulindelwe ngaphandle kokugonywa. "
Izibhamu ze-Flu zifunyenwe zibe ngama-63% ngexesha le-2015-16. Ngelishwa, i-FluMist, i-vacal spray vaccine yayisisigxina kuphela se-3%, ekhokelela kwinconywa entsha ukuba ingasetyenziswa ngonyaka ozayo.
Kwaye nangona xa igciwane lokugonya lomkhuhlane lisebenza kuphela ngo-50%, awufanele ucinge ngako njengemali yeflip. Ukongeza kwithuba lama-50% lokungabi nentsholongwane, nokuba ngaba uye kwenzeka ukuba ufumane umkhuhlane, ukugonya umkhuhlane wakho unokuthi:
- zikhokelela kwisifo somkhuhlane kunye neempawu ezinzima
- ukunciphisa amathuba akho okubhedlele esibhedlele
- ukunciphisa amathuba akho ekuphuhliseni ubunzima obunzima, obunobomi bokusongela ubomi, njengesihlungu nesifo senhliziyo. Enyanisweni, xa ukhangeleka ukufa kweentsholongwane zezilwanyana, ngokudabukisayo, phantse bonke bangabonakali. Iibhokhwe ze-Flu zithiwa malunga ne-80% esebenzayo ekuthintela ukufa kubantu asebekhulile.
Njengokuba kunjalo nezinye izitofu, ukukhuselwa ngumgudu wokugonya umkhuhlane wonyaka kungakunceda abakhuselekileyo abangenakugonywa, kuquka iintsana kunye neentsana ezineminyaka engaphantsi kweenyanga ezintandathu kwixesha lomkhuhlane.
Okona kubaluleke kakhulu, khumbula ukuba nangona xa umgudu wokugonya umkhuhlane awunjani umdlalo kwaye awusebenzi ngendlela efana neminye iminyaka, "ukhuseleko oluthile lungcono kunokuba lukhuseli nhlobo."
Imithombo:
CDC. I-Influenza Influenza Illnesses kunye nezibhedlele ezichongiweyo ezichithwe yiNtsholongwane - eMelika, ngo-2013-14 I-Influenza Season. MMWR. Disemba 12, 2014/63 (49); 1151-1154
I-Press Release: I-Vaccine ye-Flu kufuphi namaPhesenti angama-60 aphumelelayo
CDC. I-Influenza ye-Influenza Inkqubela ukusebenza, 2005-2015. Ufikelele kuSeptemba 2015.
Cohen, uSteven A. I-Influenza Vaccination in Abantwana Abancinci Iyanciphisa i-Hospitalizations ehambelana ne-Influenza ku-Older Adult, 2002-2006. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2011; 59 (2): 327-332.
I-Epidemiology kunye noKhuselo lweZilwanyana eziVimbelayo. Incwadi ethi Pink: I-Course Bookbook - I-13th Edition (2015)
UFerdinands JM, u-Olsho LEW, uAgan AA, et al. Ukusebenza komgudu wokugonya i-influenza ngokusongela ubomi obusongela ubomi be-RT-PCR-kugqirha igciwane kwi-US abantwana, ngo-2010-2012. J Disfect Dis. 2014; 210 (5): 674-683.
Kim, Tae Hyong. Umkhuhlane wexesha kunye nesiphumo sokugoma. Clin Clinic Exp Vaccine Res. 2014 Julayi; 3 (2): 128-132.